Comic books have spread all over Pan Jiayuan's
Romance of the Three Kingdoms with a dime, and The Journey to the West with a dime. Can these "picture books" that once grew up with us still be found in your bookcase now?
The 4-day comic book exhibition made Panjiayuan flea market reappear the lively scene of rubbing shoulders. During the exhibition, the first national comic book auction was held, and the scene was extremely hot. In 1957, Wagangzhai (a set of two books) published by Chaohua Fine Arts Publishing House sold at the highest price of 2, yuan, and Tiger Fu published by Tianjin Fine Arts Publishing House in 1957 sold at 19,1 yuan. Picture books once again come into people's sight as collectibles.
The old version of "Lian Fan" is the most popular in Four Great Classical Novels
There are fans watching football, and there are opera fans in go to the opera. People who collect "picture books" also have their own circles called "Lian Fan" (comic book fans). Yu Dengyun, a 56-year-old Anhui native, is an authentic "Lian Fan".
Lao Yu is well-known in Panjiayuan. As long as you come to Panjiayuan to inquire about comic books, everyone knows him.
On the morning of 18th, just after opening the door, someone came to sell books, and a Beijing "Lian Fan" came to promote the stock-a set of 3 volumes of Water Margin with 83 editions. Old Yu talked about business and became a master for reporters.
I've been addicted to it for almost 2 years, and I've already developed a pair of critical eyes. "The best way to classify old books is to have ten products (1% new) without any damage, stains or creases. Now the old version of the ten books will basically not be traded in the market, and they are all secretly traded. " As he spoke, Lao Yu took this set of "Water Margin" and studied it. "The corners are broken, the cover is stained, and this version has been published quite a lot, that is, seven products." After some bargaining, 1 yuan clinched a deal. "Generally speaking, the older the version, the higher the appearance, the more valuable it is, and the price gap is very wide."
With more transactions, fans have become friends, and many people have their own hobbies. "Some specialize in some old editions published after liberation, such as the 57th edition, the 58th edition and the 6th edition of Four Great Classical Novels. Now a set of eight products can sell for 5, to 6, yuan, which is still out of stock and has no market price."
books are classified according to their appearance. At present, there are all "Lian Fan" from the age of 7 to the post-8 s. People under the age of 3 buy new comic books published in the 198s, while those in their forties and fifties mainly collect comic books with revolutionary themes during the Cultural Revolution, while those over the age of 6 mainly collect comic books published before and after liberation. "Everyone has his own needs, but it is mainly for older people. It is a nostalgic complex."
It's hard work for the author to draw picture books
Since the 199s, comic book creation has entered a low point, in which there are not only external competition, but also some "congenital defects" in the industry itself.
The fee for editing a one-page script ranges from 1.4 cents in the 195s to 3 yuan to 5 yuan in the 198s, and then to 8 yuan today. Painting a page from 2 yuan to 3 yuan in the 195s, rose to 3 yuan to 5 yuan now. However, compared with the hard work paid by the editors, such payment is not high.
Mu Yongrui, former director of the fine arts department of Beijing Daily, who participated in the drawing of Thirty-six Plans, said: "Although the comic book sparrow is small and complete, it has not only composition but also production. Comic book writers are directors, not only in charge of actors, but also in charge of costumes, props and scenes. For example, when drawing historical comic books, we have to consider the characteristics of costumes and costumes in various historical periods, and there is also a lot of desk work to increase all aspects of cultivation. "
Mu Yongrui said that movies and cartoons have enriched the lives of readers of all ages. Without the market, it is difficult for comic books to reproduce their scenery. And all the hype and collection of old-fashioned paintings just reflect the dilemma of today's comic books. "If you go out of the sky, it's all old works, nothing new."
At the same time, it takes time to create comic books. Wang Guoxin and Zheng Guilan, the creators of Hubei comic books, spent ten years creating the long comic book The Yangtze River Trilogy.
From 198 to 199, the couple went to the source of the Yangtze River, Chengdu, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Shanghai and other places at their own expense for more than 2 times, and their son was carried in a basket, and he grew up from one year old to ten years old with the wind and food.
From 1982 to 199, The Yangtze River Trilogy published 1 volumes with 1666 paintings, none of which had the same composition. Many cinematic techniques were used in its creation, and it won the second prize for painting and the second prize for literary script in the third national comic book award.
"She writes a script for 3 cents, and I draw a picture for 3 yuan, which is far from making money. Being able to persist depends on feelings for the Yangtze River and faith in art. " Wang Guoxin's insistence in those days is still very emotional.
Editing modern comic books has experienced three climaxes.
From 1953, he was transferred to the comic book editing room of People's Fine Arts Publishing House, and in 1985, he presided over the establishment of China comic book publishing house. Jiang Weipu's life was inextricably linked with comic books, and his memories flashed with comic books everywhere.
There were comic books in ancient China
In ancient China, there were continuous pictures to express stories. In 1983, Jiang Lao visited an ancient tomb of the Western Han Dynasty in Luoyang and found that eight pictures were depicted in the mural of the tomb, which completely described the story of Qi Jinggong's "two peaches killed three scholars". The famous "Han Xizai's Night Banquet" is a comic book to record the story of Han Xizai's family banquet.
According to reports, many literary books published in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are illustrated by lines, and some books have an illustration every time they tell a story, commonly known as "Hui Tu" or "Xiu Xiang". Although illustration is not a comic book in the modern sense, the painting techniques and methods adopted can be regarded as the embryonic form of modern comic books.
From 1887, overseas lithograph technology flowed into China with books in the form of illustrations and inserts. Pictorial newspapers such as "Dianshizhai" appeared in Shanghai, and some comic books expressing current affairs news were published, which were well received by readers, and comic books in the modern sense were born.
Modern comic books can't be separated from Lu Xun
In p>1889, the first Shi Yinben comic book "The History of the Three Kingdoms" was published by Shanghai Literature and Art Bookstore, which is considered as the earliest comic book in modern times. From 1925 to 1929, The Journey to the West's Water Margin, History of the Three Kingdoms, List of Gods and Yue Biography were published by Shanghai World Bookstore, and the words "comic books" were printed on the covers. Since then, people have collectively referred to this kind of reading materials with continuous pictures as "comic books".
At that time, however, the cultural circles did not accept comic books as a painting culture, and generally felt that it was a vulgar industry, which was difficult to be elegant. In 1932, when the development of comic books fell into criticism, Lu Xun publicly advocated comic books for the first time with a defense of comic books. He said: "Comic books can not only become art, but also sit in the palace of art.. As for this, like other literature and art, it is needless to say that it needs good content and technology. "
It was Lu Xun's clear-cut advocacy of comic books that changed the trend of China's cultural circles, and a large number of well-known painters devoted themselves to the creation of this industry. In 193s and 194s, a large number of outstanding works came out, and comic books ushered in the first development peak in modern history, and four famous comic books were born: Zhao Hongben, Yan Shaotang, Qian Xiaodai, Shen Manyun, and a group of famous artists such as Zhou Yunfang.
Thirty volumes of Water Margin have been published for p>3 years
In December p>1949, the Central Committee established the Popular Picture Publishing House in Beijing, and in 1951, it merged to form the People's Fine Arts Publishing House. In 1953, Jiang Weipu was transferred to the comic book editing room of People's Fine Arts Publishing House to take charge of comic book editing.
Since 1953, Jiang Weipu and his colleagues have been busy preparing to publish Water Margin, which is the first set of long comic books after the founding of New China, and it brought together six of the best comic books in China at that time: Xu Yansun, Bo Xiaohuai, Mo Lang, Chen Yuandu, Ren Lvying and Wu Guangyu.
"At that time, comic strips were painted with a brush, and even the characters under the picture were written in small letters with a brush. It was very beautiful, but it was time-consuming and laborious." According to seventy-one scripts, the first edition of "Water Margin" only published 21 volumes, describing the seating arrangement of Liangshan heroes, and six people painted it for more than two years.
After the publication of 21 volumes of Water Margin in p>1957, other famous books and a large number of comic books with revolutionary themes were also published one after another, which set off a comic book craze all over the country. No matter intellectuals or farmers, almost everyone had one book, and comic books ushered in the second climax of development.
"Later, there were frequent political struggles. After the Cultural Revolution began, classical culture was completely denied, all classical comic books stopped publishing, and those with revolutionary themes were changed, and the editions of Water Margin were destroyed by the rebels." Speaking of the past, Jiang Lao is a little sad.
After the Cultural Revolution, comic books quickly recovered their vitality. In the early 198s, the number of comic books published each year reached more than 2,, and Jiang Weipu also fulfilled a wish-the final edition of 3 volumes of Water Margin was published, with a maximum of 1.6 million copies printed at a time. From 1981 to 1983, the national comic book printed an average of 8 million copies a year, and its development reached its peak.