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Folk customs in Xinchang

the staple food of Xinchang life customs: rice is the main food in the plain, and coarse cereals such as Liugu, sweet potato and millet are the main food in the mountainous area. Serious food shortage, often supplemented by wild fruits and vegetables. People have more dishes, and it will not get better until the sweet potatoes come out. Three meals a day, dry and thin, eat some sweet potatoes and pumpkins to fill your stomach first, and only add some heart when you are busy. Use grain carefully, keep more rice mothers and wash rice early to improve the rice yield. There is a saying that "three years of rotten rice buys acres of land". It's a common practice to cherish grain, and educate children that "when the grain falls to the ground, the basket will be big, and the sky will sound bitter fleabane (thunder)", "If you don't eat all the grain, you will grow up and ask for a wife (or marry a husband with a hemp skin)". When new wheat and new rice appeared, they first offered sacrifices to the chef of heaven and earth, and the family feast was called "tasting the new". Now they have three meals of rice and white flour, and Liugu and sweet potato are mostly used as feed. Dishes: homemade pickles, noodle sauce, moldy tofu (fermented bean curd), amaranth stalks, salted bamboo shoots, etc. are "regular meals". It is rare to buy tofu dishes on the street at ordinary times, and it is even less sloppy. Back to the mountains and other places for the New Year, there are no fish, and wood carving fish heads are used instead. Good dishes such as chicken and meat hide the hospitality, which is called "saving your mouth and knowing the guests". Pickled food in rural areas, or simmered or steamed, saves fuel, firewood and time, while fried food in cities and towns is fresher and lighter. In the old days, banquets were frugal, with a variety of flavors, all of which were served, with six large plates, ten bowls of heads, grand pieces of chicken, fish and meat, which were economical and practical. Ming Wanli was a little extravagant, and the top five were wet and dry, saving discs to persuade them, and advocating zaju to entertain guests. In the Republic of China, the high-end banquets of rich families and yamen officials and businessmen had specifications such as "Sixteen Hui Xian" and "Twenty Four Hui Xian", which were all sweet, salty, dry and wet, and used ten large plates, six medium plates and eight small plates, among which green wings (high-grade shark's fin), green plate belly, bird's nest, red tail (big kai yang), western mushrooms, scallops and sea cucumbers were needed, and each table cost more than ten silver dollars. In the old customs, beef and carp were not used at banquets. "Cattle" is the treasure of farmers, and it is only used when offering sacrifices to Confucius, which is called "too fast"; Carp has the name of "jumping on the dragon gate", and scholars do not eat it. After liberation, it was still simple, and it was six big markets and eight big markets. Since the 198s, the specifications of public banquets have become higher and higher, and eel, turtle, sea shrimp, river crab, yellow croaker, beef and tobacco and alcohol are regarded as common products. Beverage: In the old days, the most common cold drink was "Shihua", which was made of lotus seeds, condensed into transparent blocks, scattered and eaten with sweet and sour. It was popular and has long been discontinued. There are also Chinese tallow tofu and astragalus tofu, which are rare. In summer, make tea with mung bean soup, autumn wormwood, June cream, honeysuckle, white chrysanthemum, etc. Guests come to make tea and add sugar to show their respect. In the 198s, beer, soda, cola, etc. were popular, and many people had coffee and cocoa. Flavor food: various colors, easy to make, mostly local products: spring cakes, also known as cake cones, there are many stalls on the street. Shaped like a full moon, as thin as cicada wings, white and yellow, slightly salty, crisp and fragrant. A catty of flour can make 6 ~ 7 pieces, and 6 pieces are a "big". Wrapped in oil dumplings and oil tofu, it has a unique flavor and is a daily snack. Wrapped in lean meat and chopped green onion and fried, it can be made into spring rolls, which is a feast for wine. Dry food for travel and gift feeding are also very popular. The fried noodles cake tube is a symbol of reconciliation, and there is a saying that "wheat is wrapped in wheat, and things are a hundred." "Yu Dexing fried noodles to solve disputes" The spring cakes made by Lu Ruiji's family are excellent and can be preserved for one month. In 1958, they were sent to Beijing for exhibition and won prizes. Spring cake evolved from "wok pulling head"; Another is the food of beginning of spring Day, which is made of flour and stuffing, symbolizing the harvest of sericulture. Flavor dishes are mostly processed with meat. Meat cake: spread minced lean meat on tofu skin to make the bottom layer, spread shredded eggs on it, drenched with raw egg white, steamed, red and yellow, cut into diamond-shaped blocks, beautiful in shape, fresh and delicious, and it is an excellent dish. Three sets of meat: pork belly hidden in chicken, pork hidden in belly, sliced after steaming, dipped in soy sauce or salt and pepper. There are also "bad chicken, bad duck, bad large intestine, preserved chicken, preserved duck and preserved white pheasant", and "braised meat, tied meat and steamed pork" have their own flavors. The production of bad meat is simple. The meat is cooked and cut into pieces, rubbed with salt, and sealed in a small urn with distiller's grains on the four walls. After 2 days, it can be eaten, and the meat tastes bad and fragrant. Sliced pork is cut into pieces and tied with cattail grass, seasoned with fresh soy sauce, stewed with strong fire and slow fire until it is soft and not rotten, and poured into a golden tile bowl for freezing to make "tied meat", which is full of meat, good in color and light, full of fragrance and delicious in mouth. Before and after liberation, Zhiwei Pavilion produced excellent mountain game, which was often enjoyed by gourmets. In the old days, famous snacks also included: Xianquanlai steamed stuffed bun, Tianquanlai cake, Lilanxiang soybean milk, Xiaobaosheng pork head, Jiangxi Laomatou soup packets and so on. There are also yellow lean, fern flour, taro dumplings, green dumplings, Chinese New Year cakes, white medicinal liquor, bamboo rice, dried bean radishes, small stove sesame cakes, sesame dates, sesame chips, snow flakes, crystal cakes, jujube kernel cakes, Osmanthus Jelly, shredded ginger sugar, crispy sugar, crispy fried dough sticks, etc., all of which have good taste characteristics and can often arouse wanderers' homesickness. People in Xinchang often entertain guests with Mihai tea, which is also used as a drink and snack. Choose pure and full glutinous rice, steam it, dry it, flatten it and dry it into rice flat, and fry it into rice fat, which is called Mihai. Add sugar and golden beans, brew with boiling water, and call it Mihai tea. It tastes sweet and relieves thirst. On the first day of the first month, every family eats it. Dress: Ancient scholars were dressed in coarse cloth and white clothes, with plain towels and straight bodies, which were extremely simple. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, scholars and children wore scarves and colored clothes, and wealthy children also arrogantly took them. From the Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, gowns, mandarin jackets and guapi hats were dresses, and they were usually short-sleeved shirts. Women wear blouses or cheongsam, earrings, bracelets and rings. Girls wear long braids and tie them behind their heads after marriage. In the 192s, civil servants and students wore tunic suits. Since the Anti-Japanese War, yellow uniforms for children have become popular in schools. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, tunic suit and Lenin suit were popular, and blue was the main color. In 198s, suits, sweaters and jacket zippers were popular, and man-made fibers replaced cotton cloth, so woolen leather goods gradually became popular. Women pay attention to make-up, jewelry and hair styles are diversified, clothing in four seasons is changeable, rings have become popular, and earrings and necklaces can be seen everywhere. In the old days, straw sandals were worn in rural areas, and clogs were worn in rainy days. Now, rubber shoes and leather shoes have replaced them, and all kinds of travel shoes are popular. Residence: In the old days, the dwellings were extremely simple, with walls made of yellow wattle and mud painted, and huts and earthen houses only sheltered from wind and rain. There are many brick and wood buildings in cities and towns, and the rich are painted with white ash. The building structure is divided into three rooms, five rooms and seven rooms, and the two sides are inlaid with heads. Large families living together are called "Tai Tai Men", with patios in them, forming "Siheyuan" and "Zoumalou". Some doors are divided into front and back, and they are combined into buildings. There is a "thousand-pillar house" in Maoba, which was built in Daoguang period and has 999 pillars. Now it is spacious to live in 16 households. In the 198s, there was a boom in building houses in urban and rural areas, and reinforced concrete structures were widely used, with more than three floors, complete sets of housing units, perfect equipment, and strive for beauty and comfort.