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5. Mysteries of the background where the story of Jin Ping Mei takes place

Every question of Jin Ping Mei is controversial. How many mysteries are there in Jin Ping Mei? Among the classic works, there are no more riddles and answers than Jin Ping Mei. Because the author of Jin Ping Mei didn't and shouldn't give a clear account of the place where the story happened in order to avoid conflicts with historical facts, the background of the place where the story happened in Jin Ping Mei has always been regarded as a mystery, which has become the most difficult problem to solve when contacting the author of Jin Ping Mei. Moreover, there are many mysteries and controversies. Generally speaking, these disputes can be divided into three schools. One is the South School, which thinks that the background of the story of Jin Ping Mei is south, and in the south of Shandong, there are mainly Nanqinghe theory, Xuzhou theory, Anhui theory and Yanghuai theory, that is, Yangzhou and Huai' an theory; First, the northern faction believes that the background of the story of Jin Ping Mei is in the north, mainly in Beijing; Third, the Qinghe school believes that the background of the story of Jin Ping Mei is neither in the south nor in the north, or in the North Qinghe River. These disputes will persist, because the background of the story is inseparable from the author, and directly related to the author's native place, social career and social experience. Therefore, the mystery will never be guessed until the author's problem is solved.

Mr. Huo Xianjun of the North School wrote "A Brief Introduction to Jin Ping Mei" (6), and he asserted: "Qinghe is a place name as well as a river name." This is good, women's handbags are wholesale, but he thinks that Qinghe, as a river name, actually refers to "a small river in Beijing, called Xiaoqing River". As a place name, the emergence of the school "Qinghe actually refers to Beijing" is related to Wang Shizhen, the author of Jin Ping Mei. .

Mr. Li Jinshan of the Southern School wrote Jin Ping Mei and Huai Shang (7). He demonstrated from many aspects, such as place names, temple construction, Jianghuai dialect, historical figures, historical facts and cultural life habits, and thought that Jin Ping Mei "deliberately deployed the environmental background, which belongs to Nanqinghe". Others in the Southern School believe that the background of the story writing of Jin Ping Mei is Xuzhou and Anhui.

The views of the above two schools seem to be against the author of Jin Ping Mei. You say that Ximen Qing belongs to Qinghe, but I say it is not, so it is biased.

Mr. Zhao Chen's Textual Research on the Location of the Story of Jin Ping Mei (⑻) is quite objective. He thinks that the description of Qinghe's administrative ownership, geographical location, mountains, villages and towns, the establishment of the office and the temples in the neighborhood in Jin Ping Mei is difficult to match the Qinghe in history, but it is close to Yangzhou, Xuzhou and Huai 'an in history. It can be seen that Mr. Zhao Chen is also inclined to the South School. He believes that the color steel buckle plate, "the author has never set foot in Qinghe", which is a bit relative. Since the author has written very clearly and accurately about the geographical position of Qinghe in Song Dynasty, how can he take this as the first place of story without knowing the geographical position of contemporary Qinghe? For example, on the 29th visit of Wu Shenxian to Daizong from Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang Province, Mr. Zhao Chen thought: "Geographically, Mount Tai is in the south and Qinghe River is in the north, so it is not necessary to go to Mount Tai through Qinghe River". But in fact, if you take a boat, you can go from Zhejiang to Kaifeng and then directly to Qinghe in the Song Dynasty. Moreover, Wu Xianren accepted the invitation to see a doctor. "Mr. Zhou and his soldiers met to see his old lady's eyes and illness, and they specially sent him to your house to watch the doctor." ; On the thirty-sixth trip, Cai Zhuangyuan went home from the capital to visit relatives. In the Ming Dynasty, he started from Beijing and also had to pass through Qinghe. Of course, it should be said that the author has fiction and inevitable omissions in his creation. Putting the Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty in a book must be contradictory, and it is impossible to "match" the real scene completely.

Mr. Yan Zengshan of Liaocheng University of Qinghe School thinks that Qinghe is an important place where the story of Jin Ping Mei takes place. Except for two trips to Beijing, all the movements of the protagonist in the novel took place in Qinghe. There were two Qinghe counties in the Ming Dynasty, one in Xingtai, Hebei Province, 7 miles north of Linqing, and the other in Huaiyin, Jiangsu Province. However, according to the scene description, it should be the Qinghe River in the north. Jin Ping Mei reflects the canal civilization and LED street lamps. At that time, trade was relatively developed, people exchanged frequently, and the written dialect and some utensils in the south were abnormal in the north, so it cannot be explained that the story happened in the south. "In Jin Ping Mei, the' kang' where Ximen celebrates sleeping is unique to the north. Kang' is a sleeping platform made of bricks, blanks, etc. There is a hole under it, which connects with the chimney and can burn a fire to keep warm, but not in the south. " "In the actual description, the author moved the location of the Qinghe River to the vicinity of Dongping House, which is relatively close to Yanggu. Since the story of Jin Ping Mei originated from Water Margin, it should be the author's intention. "But the distance between Qinghe and Linqing remains the same, 7 miles. In this regard, we can refer to Mr. Yan Zengshan's article "A Geographical Examination of Jin Ping Mei's Ci and Hua". Later, Mr. Xu Jianping also had a more detailed and objective textual research on this. He thought that: "North Qinghe" (now Qinghe County, Hebei Province), "South Qinghe" (now Qingjiang City, Jiangsu Province) and "Linqing Theory" (now Linqing City, Shandong Province) were all incorrect. The story originally conceived by the author took place in Dongping County, Shandong Province, and beard Changcheng, northwest of Dongping County, which is close to Yanggu, but He pointed out: "The author is not only familiar with the geographical evolution of northwest Shandong, especially Dongping Prefecture, but also very familiar with the history of the Song Dynasty. Many officials in the history of the Song Dynasty can write their native place and temperament conveniently." The hardship of Qinghe school lies in its helplessness in explaining why the author wrote the position of Qinghe differently.

Based on the trend of profound discussion by scholars and experts from various schools and in-depth examination of the historical basis of the place where the story of Jin Ping Mei takes place, we can see that the geographical background of the place where the story of Jin Ping Mei takes place is basically based on the canal as the vertical axis, with the banks of the canal and its urban and rural areas as the horizontal axis, not only taking Qinghe mentioned in Water Margin as the first place, but also taking the capital (including Kaifeng and Beijing), Yanggu, Linqing and Linqing as the first place. If "Jin Ping Mei" is the product of the Grand Canal and the result of the Canal culture, it is more appropriate to carve stone with the Grand Canal as the geographical and cultural background. Therefore, we can't underestimate the life category of the author of Jin Ping Mei. The author of Jin Ping Mei should be extremely familiar with and understand the above geographical and cultural background. If he has never lived in the south of the Yangtze River, how can he understand the southern opera and write about the life in the south as if he were there? If you haven't lived in Yanzhou, Dongchangfu and Qinghe, how can you tell all the slang and folk customs and human feelings in the northwest of southern Shandong one by one, and how can you combine the environment and culture of the north and the south? If he has never been to Beijing, how can he "look at its high-rise halls and green pavilions"? ⑼

The Mystery of Six Anchens Governing the River

The Anchen Governing the River in Jin Ping Mei is a clue carefully controlled by the author. An Chen's management of the river is directly related to the historical geography, the upper limit of the book and the canal management of Jin Ping Mei, and An Chen is a major figure throughout the book. Therefore, who is the prototype of An Chen in Ming Dynasty? Is it related to officials in the Ming Dynasty? This mystery is worth discussing. Mei Jie, Lu Xingji and Zhao Chen all noticed this character in the discussion of Jin Ping Mei, and made some discussions about it, but they didn't quite understand it. Here, we might as well go deeper in order to uncover this mystery.

In the thirty-sixth chapter of Jin Ping Mei, Cai Yun, the top scholar in the new department, and An Chen, a scholar on the same list, went home to visit their relatives in the same boat, passing through Qinghe River, and Ximen Qing was introduced by Zhai Yunfeng to meet him at the new estuary. The author specifically explained the origin of this character: "It is said that An Chen took the first place in the imperial court, and was said by officials that he was the first prime minister An? The younger brother, a descendant of the party, cannot be a leader. Huizong had no choice but to take Cai Yun as the first and become the champion. Cast in Cai Jing door, made a fake. "promote the secretary to the false mother."

After meeting with Ximen Qing, An Jinshi said, "The student is from Qiantang County, Zhejiang Province, whose base name is Fengshan. See in addition to the Ministry of industry and government. I also give leave to return to my hometown to renew my relatives. "

The forty-ninth time, according to Cai Yushi's introduction, "An Fengshan has been promoted to be the director of the Ministry of Industry, and has gone to Jingzhou to urge Huang Mu."

in the sixty-eighth session, An Chenrong was promoted to "Doctor of Water Resources", "Preparing for Winter Cao, Mismanaging Water Conservancy, Running between Hunan and Hunan", and "Repairing Rivers" for a period of three years.

by the seventieth time, in a book of the Ministry of Industry, there were: "God is lucky to be in Beijing, heaven and man are celebrating", "Du Shuisi Lang Zhong An Chen and Wu Xun, each with a salary increase of one level and 22 taels of silver."

according to "treacherous court official" in volume 471 of History of Song Dynasty, there is "An? Biography: Ann? Guang 'an, with thick words, once moved to advise the doctor three times. Chapter? Cai Bian created tongwen libel prison to make Cai Jing and peace? Miscellaneous treatment, two people care about their hearts, punish yuan? Party members, seven or eight hundred victims, the world complains about illness, for two Cai, two? The rumor. Be Chen? The ginseng was disintegrated, but Tan Zhou was known by Baowenge and returned to the field. Cai Jing, as the prime minister, paid homage to Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Minister of War. Worship Ning Chu, know the Privy Council together.

there is no biography of an Chen in the history of the song dynasty, but it is recorded in volume 18 of the history of the continuation of capital management as a mirror: in March of the second year, Song Chongning was awarded the title of Jinshi, and 538 people, such as Huo Duanyou, were promoted to a higher position, while those who were evil were dismissed. When Li Jie was the son of the first, the first and the deepest department of rites? Nephew also. An Chen's countermeasures made the son of the Party member a rich man, who could not show the sky, so he took the rank and was given the first place. Chen,? Brother also. There is also: Huang Ding and other 18 people all wrote about evil, and the Emperor Linxuan called and said, "Your attack on me is short, but it is also possible. Why did the Shenzong and Zhezong fail you?" I also talked about it, all from Cai Jing.

Mr. Zhao Chen pointed out that the author of Jin Ping Mei completely turned this historical fact upside down. Take an Chen as an? Brother, say Ann? Brother; When an Chen put forward the countermeasure, he said that the son of the party member should not be numerous, and that an Chen himself was the son of the party member; Put an Chen and an? Brother said that he was Cai Jing's accomplice, saying that An Chen rejected Yuan? Party, not yuan? Communists crowd them out; It is said that the champion in Li Jie was taken away, and it was said that the champion in An Chen was taken away. This kind of intentional inversion of right and wrong writing, or there is another purpose. ⑽

So, what is the intention of the author of Jin Ping Mei? We can only know by comparing the historical facts of the Ming Dynasty.

In Jin Ping Mei, the so-called "Du Shui Si Lang Zhong" was an official position in the Ming Dynasty. In the twenty-ninth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, the Ministry of Industry began to set up four official departments, namely, Yingshu, Yuheng, Dushui and Tuntian, with Langzhong as the official and Yuanwailang and the principal.

An Chen, as a doctor of the Water Department, thinks that "the people of the Eight Houses are all exhausted and have many disadvantages", and that "there is nothing to be done when the Great Qin God helps those who serve ghosts". That is to say, in the face of the situation of the migration of South Henan and the lack of silt and water, the current dynasty has nothing to do. Then, in the Ming Dynasty, when did this situation of river management emerge?

judging from the canal management during the Wanli period of Ming dynasty, this situation appeared in the third year of Wanli, when Fu Xizhi reopened the canal. After the river was rejected.

In the third year of Wanli, in the middle of spring, Fu Xizhi reiterated Weng Dali's views on opening? The proposal of the estuary to avoid the danger of the Yellow River was opposed by many ministers shortly after it was played. It should be explained that Jia Sanjin supports the opening? Scheme, because he not only entertain Kancha? River management officials, and may have participated in the exploration, Jia Sanjin put forward in the autumn of the year before playing hydrophobic, wrote "in the same year, Zhang Shi imperial to comparable? As evidenced by the poem "Wandering Fairy Cave", "Jade Cave is ancient and smoky, and I am drunk with you. In autumn, the yellow leaves are exhausted, and the snow and white clouds are still there. Sweep the stone and pity the old monk, wear the forest and admire the birds. * * * Talking about foreign affairs, Qingxing is full of Zen customs. Xi * * * Zhang Pingzi, Meng Luo Lu Cuiwei. It's good to follow me when you board the plane, and you feel like a gentleman. A stream of water flows in Dan liquid, and Yanyun protects embroidered clothes. Paying for a glass of wine without a name is not against the feast. " Shenxian Cave was in the east of Yi county, and in the late autumn, Zhang Shiyu lived in Yi county. He was the same year as Jia Sanjin, and of course he was supported by Jia Sanjin. But no? The minister blamed Weng for breaking open? It only cares about water transportation, but abandons the management of the Yellow River and ignores people's livelihood. It is considered that this is a river management plan that Pan Jixun has not implemented to build dikes and harness water to attack sand.

Previously, Pan Jixun's persuasion scheme had been denied. At the beginning, Fu Xizhi opened it. The plan doesn't work again. This makes Zhang Juzheng, who is fulfilling the Wanli New Deal, "have nothing to do". He had to implement all kinds of permanent short-term river regulation plans, and at the same time he hoped to solve the urgent task by digging and managing the Jiaolai River and transporting it by sea.

In the fourth year of Wanli, Wu Guifang, the imperial envoy, took over as the governor of water transportation, and with the support of Zhang Juzheng, implemented the Caowan Project, and began the experiment of "dredging the estuary", so that the estuary of the Yellow River was definitely managed. But it didn't win. In August of the fourth year of Wanli (1576), the Yellow River decided Cui Town again, and the controversy revived. In August of the fifth year of Wanli (1577), "The river decided Dangshan and Shaojiakou, Caojiazhuang and Handengjiakou to the north, Huai also decided Gaojiayan to the east, and Xu, Pi and Huainan drifted for thousands of miles to the north. Since then, the high and low rivers in Taoyuan and Qingkou have been silted up, and the tankers have been blocked. The riverbanks have been seriously damaged, and the whole line of water transport has collapsed. As a result, the contradiction about river management broke out again, and all factions and parties were arguing, and they were "nothing."

this shows that. The situation of "nothing like what" faced by An Langzhong was probably five years or six years in Wanli.

at this time, there is a person worthy of attention, and he is the newly appointed minister of the Ministry of Industry, Li Youzi. Li Youzi is a native of Yingcheng, Hubei Province, and he is just a villager with Zhang Ju, the record of Jiangling. Not only did the two of them take the exam together in the 19th year of Jiajing, but they also went to Beijing together in the 26th year of Jiajing. Zhang Juzheng Zhongji Jinshi and Li Youzi were also admitted to the same list of Jinshi. It is rumored that Zhang Juzheng and Li Youzi are closely related. Li Youzi is funny, heavy drinker and addicted to tea. He was nicknamed "three pots" by Zhang Juzheng, namely teapot, hip flask and urinal. In the sixth year of Qin Long, Zhang Juzheng combined the right to castrate Feng Bao, won the favor of Li Guifei, and brought down the high arch of records, from which Li Youzi supported and won the first prize. At that time, he was an ambassador of Hunan Province, and he set an ambush in Hengshan Mountain, and obtained the evidence that Li Yan bribed Gao Gong, which won the upper hand for Zhang Juzheng to come to power.

in the sixth year of Wanli (1578), Li Youzi was promoted to be the minister of the Ministry of Industry. In this year, Li Youzi took the opportunity to kick off the river management. He revived it because he opposed it? Pan Jixun, the general manager of the river who was dismissed from office, accepted Pan Jixun's management plan focusing on dredging and took the town as a master of money and food for river management. He implemented a whipping method of Zhang Juzheng New Deal, and levied silver by mu, raising a special fund of 62, yuan a year, which was equivalent to three times the cash in Taicang in the first year of Wanli.

Li Youzi cooperated with Zhang Juzheng to implement a whipping method, which was opposed by many people. For example, Jia Sanjin and Yu Shenxing, ministers from Shandong, were opponents of the New Deal, but they still had to agree to the river regulation project.

Li Youzi started to use Pan Jixun and Prime Minister He Cao again, instead of diverting and dispersing water from the past, and implemented the measures of bundling water with dikes and attacking sand with water, with obvious results and effects. In less than three years, the vast "Two Rivers" (Canal and Yellow River) project, after careful planning and organization by Pan Jixun and his colleagues, used 8, servants, consumed 562, silver and upvc drainage pipes for one year, and finally realized the main project ahead of schedule in October of the seventh year of Wanli. In February of the eighth year of Wanli (158), the dredging project was completed and the water transportation was smooth. In this river regulation, 62, special funds are