World cultural heritage
National key cultural relics protection unit
AAAA scenic spot
Ticket price of Badaling Great Wall
45 yuan (student ticket 22.5 yuan); Return to 60 yuan by Badaling Cable Car.
Opening hours of Badaling Great Wall
6: 30-19: 00 in summer; Winter: 7: 00-18: 00.
Introduction of Badaling Great Wall Scenic Spot in Beijing (tickets. The Great Wall is a symbol of the Chinese nation. It is 12000 miles long and is one of the greatest buildings in the world. The Great Wall was built during the Qin Shihuang period. After successive generations of supplementary construction, almost all the Great Wall we can see now was built in the Ming Dynasty. Badaling Great Wall is the best preserved and most representative section of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. It is the essence of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. It is the outpost of Juyongguan, an important pass of the Great Wall, with an altitude of1015m. The terrain is dangerous and the city is strong. It has always been a battleground for military strategists. Climbing the Badaling Great Wall, you can have a panoramic view of the rolling mountains and the majestic northern mountains. The Great Wall is majestic because of the mountains, and the mountains are more steep because of the Great Wall.
As early as 196 1, it was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. From 65438 to 0988, Badaling Wan Li Great Wall was listed as a world human cultural heritage by the United Nations. In 199 1, Badaling ranks first among the 40 scenic spots in China.
Badaling Great Wall is located in Yanqing County, north of Beijing, more than 70 kilometers away from Beijing. The expressway passes through the mountains, and it can be reached by 40 minutes' drive from Beijing. Here, the Great Wall winds like a dragon along the ridge between the mountains, and beacon towers and enemy towers are densely covered. The wall is 7.8 meters high and the top is 7.8 meters wide. Visitors can go to the city to enjoy the grandeur of the Great Wall and the vastness and arduousness of the project.
Badaling has been an important military strategic place since ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Great Wall was built here to prevent the intrusion of northern nationalities. Up to now, there are still relics of city walls and piers, and their trend is roughly the same as that of the Great Wall today. Badaling is a mountain pass, where the mountains are overlapping. In the Ming Dynasty, "Chang 'an Nighttalk" said: The road branches from here and extends in all directions, hence the name Badaling, which is the highest mountain in Guanshan. "Visible Badaling geographical strategic position. In the Ming Dynasty, in order to strengthen the defense, the Badaling Great Wall was built for more than 80 years, and the famous anti-Japanese Qi Jiguang was transferred to the north to direct the defense of the Great Wall. After more than 80 years of construction, Badaling Great Wall has become a strict defense system connected with the city, facing piers and fortresses, guarding the city and warning fires. Historically, Badaling Great Wall was the gateway to guard Juyong Pass. From Badaling Great Wall to today's south exit, there is a 40-mile-long canyon in the middle. The related city Juyongguan was built in a canyon, hence the name "Guan Gou". The Badaling Great Wall, which really controls the pass, is located at the highest point at the northern end of Guangou. Here, two peaks are sandwiched in the middle, which is open and commanding, and the situation is extremely dangerous. The ancients said, "Looking at Juyongguan from Badaling is like building a collar and looking at a well." "The danger of Juyongguan is not in Guancheng, but in Badaling." It can be seen that Juyongguan was just a city at that time, and the real Great Wall was built in Badaling. Badaling Pass's special terrain has become a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties. Therefore, it is of great strategic significance to build the Great Wall at this time. Badaling is the witness of many important events in history. After Jieshi was in the east, Qin Shihuang took Datong from Badaling. Xiao Huanghou returned to Xianyang by bus and visited the Yuan Emperor Yuan Taizu, the Ming Emperor's Northern Expedition, Li Zicheng's conquest of Beijing and the Qing Emperor's personal expedition twice a year ... Badaling was the only place he passed. In modern history, Cixi fled to cry at Badaling, Zhan Tianyou presided over the construction of the first railway in China-Zhangjing Railway, and Dr. Sun Yat-sen boarded the Badaling Great Wall, leaving many historical allusions and precious historical memories for today.
Badaling Great Wall is a part of Wan Li Great Wall, a great defense project in ancient China. It was built in the 18th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1505) and was renovated during Jiajing and Wanli years in Ming Dynasty. This section of the Great Wall is steep and commanding. It is an important military pass in the Ming Dynasty and an important barrier to the capital Beijing.
Badaling Great Wall Bowl is built on the mountain, with ups and downs. Badaling is located at the outer gate of Juyongguan, with two closed doors. The east is called Juyongguan Town, and the west is called "North Gate Lock Key". Guancheng East is narrow and West is wide. The Great Wall was built on the mountain from the platform of "north gate lock key" to close the city. The city walls vary in height, with an average height of about 7.5 meters and a top width of about 6 meters, which can accommodate five horses and ten people in parallel. The walls of this section of the Great Wall are paved with neat boulders, some of which are 2 meters long and weigh hundreds of pounds. The interior is filled with mud and stones, and the ground at the top of the wall is covered with square bricks, which is very flat. A crib with a height of 1.7m is built on the outer side of the wall top, with a lookout hole on it, a shooting hole on the lower side and a building wall on the inner side. Every other wall, there is a fortress-like square platform. The city platform is high and low, and the high one is called the enemy hug, which is the place where watchmen and sergeants stay; The lower one is called the city wall platform, which is almost as high as the city wall but protrudes outside the city wall. There are cribs around it, which is a place for patrolling and keeping watch. There is also a smoke pier, that is, a beacon tower, which is an ancient facility for transmitting warning signals.
When you climb the Great Wall of Wan Li, you can see that the Great Wall at your feet twists and turns along the mountain, just like a giant dragon rolling and crawling on a continuous mountain. The natural landscape here is also very distinctive, with beautiful scenery in spring, summer, autumn and winter. There are the most flowers in spring, and the road of green Dieyun in summer is full of red decay and green decay. Lin Dan's love is deeply dyed, and the atmosphere in autumn is clear. In winter, the snow-capped mountains are boundless, the jade Changchun is long and the scenery is beautiful. Looking at this mountain, I feel infinite in ancient and modern times, but I don't understand the difference between today and ancient times. The Great Wall of Wan Li and the Great Wall of Wan Li have a long history of 2,000 years. If you want to see all the times, there are no heroes on the Great Wall.
It is inconceivable to go to Beijing without going to the Great Wall, just like going to Shanghai without going to the Chenghuang Temple. So far, more than 300 world celebrities, including Nixon and Margaret Thatcher, have climbed Badaling to see the beautiful scenery here. Can you miss it?
Badaling fortress
Badaling
Located at the north (outer) mouth of Guangou, Nantong can reach Beijing, Yanqing in the north, Datong in the west and Yongning in the east. Because of its "road from here", extending in all directions, hence the name. The peak of Badaling is 65,438+0,000 meters above sea level. There are two peaks at the mountain pass, which control the traffic and have the potential of "one person guarding it, ten thousand people can't force it". The ancients said: "The danger of Juyong is not in the pass, but in Badaling", which is true. In ancient times, Badaling has always been a strategic place to defend the Central Plains, and both Yuan and Ming dynasties were heavily guarded.
Guancheng (Wengcheng)
The Badaling Great Wall has two gates, namely "Juyongguan Town" in the east and "North Gate Lock Key" in the west. The two doors are 43.9 meters apart, and the urn covers an area of 5,000 square meters with an altitude of 600 meters. The existing Guancheng was built in the 18th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1505), and it is one of the most famous passes in the Great Wall of Wan Li. The term "Juyongguan Waizhen" refers to the Juyongguan outpost here. The word "North Gate Key" is a typical word of Kou Zhun, the prime minister of Song Dynasty. After the Song and Liao Dynasties made peace, Kou Zhun did not work in the DPRK, but came to Daming House as a guard. When the envoys of Liao passed by Daming Mansion, they were surprised to see Kou Zhun here. They asked: How did the Prime Minister come here? what can I do for you? . Kou Zhun said to Liao Chen seriously, "There is nothing in the DPRK. The key is locked in the north gate. Unless it is a town, it is not delicious! " Later, people called the border towns in the north "the north gate lock key".
Chadaocheng
Near Badaling Railway Station, there is a magnificent and solid castle, which is the outpost headquarters of Chadao City, the "north gate lock key" Guancheng. According to Juyong Zhilue, "Badaling is a forbidden place for Juyong, and the fork in the road is the barrier of Badaling". At that time, there were three "general commanders" and 800 soldiers stationed in the Badaling Great Wall, which played a very important role in military defense.
Ancient cannon
Chen Zhan had five iron cannons at the entrance of Badaling Guancheng, which was one of the advanced weapons at that time. The largest gun is 2.85 meters long, with a caliber of 105 mm and a range of more than 1000 meters, which is very powerful. The gun body is engraved with the words "given by the great general Shenwei", which was made in the eleventh year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1638). The gun was shipped from Zhang Bao, more than ten miles east of Badaling, on 1958. The other four corbel cannons were unearthed during the renovation of the Great Wall in 1957, and hundreds of shells were unearthed, all made in the Ming Dynasty. According to "Wu Beizhi" records: "In ancient times, there were machines that made stones, and their wooden frames were shaped like tiger squats. Later, artillery was used. The gun body was short and thick, and the famous tiger crouched in the gun, commonly known as frog gun, which showed one of the weapons at that time.
city wall
Badaling Great Wall is the most typical and majestic section of Wan Li Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. The outer walls of the city walls are all made of bricks or granite strips weighing more than 2,000 kilograms, and the inside is rammed with soil and gravel, which is particularly strong and tidy. The average height of the city wall is 7.8 meters, the thickness of the wall base is 6.4 meters and the width of the wall top is 5.8 meters, which can accommodate five horses and ten people. On the outside of the top of the city wall, there are battlements and crenels 1.7 to 2 meters high. There is a small hole on the lower side of the crib, called the shooting hole, which is used for archery. At the same time, there is a building wall inside the top of the wall, commonly known as the parapet, which plays a role in safety protection. On one side of the wall, a coupon cave door will be opened at regular intervals, and the internal stone steps can climb to the top of the wall. The walls are paved with square bricks and filled with lime, which are very neat and difficult to grow. There are also drainage pipes and water jets flowing to the inside on both sides. From the perspective of military defense, all kinds of buildings are extremely exquisite and indestructible, which fully embodies the great creative ability of the working people in ancient China.
Chengtai
Also known as wall foundation. Refers to a platform building, slightly higher than the top of the long wall, surrounded by towers, cribs and shooting holes. This is the place where ancient soldiers patrol and stand guard, and it is also the place where they defend themselves in case of war. For example, the platform at the top of Badaling Gate is the city platform.
Enemy radio station
Also known as watchtowers and bunkers, they are built at the top of the Great Wall. Generally square or rectangular, divided into upper and lower layers. The upper floor is equipped with a lookout and a shooting hole, and is equipped with signal facilities for setting off fireworks; There are ticket gates and stairs on the lower floor, which can be used for soldiers to rest temporarily or store weapons. It is one of the important military facilities along the Great Wall.
Combat platform
The traffic arteries or places with dangerous terrain built along the Great Wall are all one-story, two-story and three-story bunker buildings with different scales. It can store weapons, ammunition and other strategic materials, which is more important than the watchtower. According to the Records of Four Towns and Three Guans written by Lu Xiaozu in Ming Dynasty, under the planning and supervision of Qi Jiguang, a total of 3000 enemy and battle platforms 1200 (originally planned) were built along the Great Wall from Shanhaiguan to Beijing. When the war breaks out, you can "attack from top to bottom, use firearms, Buddha machines and auxiliary guns" and "use cannons instead of weapons". A combat platform generally needs 30 people to guard the platform, 30 people to guard the stack, divided into 6 groups, and 300 kilograms of gunpowder. In addition, there are arrows, iron bars and thousands of stones, as well as food and water for a month on the battlefield. This platform facility, which has been built for a long time, is ingenious, can not only attack but also defend, and can closely cooperate with the military facilities such as the city platform and the enemy platform (watchtower) on the Great Wall to form a dense barrage, which greatly enhances the combat strength, effectively blocks the enemy's attack and plays a very important strategic and tactical role in military defense.
beacon tower
As independent bunkers, they are built in dangerous places on both sides of the Great Wall or on hills with broad vision, and are an important part of the Great Wall fortifications. Generally, one is built every five to ten miles, and each level is equipped with five beacon towers, which are special facilities for setting off fireworks, alarming and transmitting military information. In case of enemy situation, burning cigarettes during the day is called "embarrassing" and lighting at night is called "bonfire". It is said that in ancient times, wolf dung was mixed to burn smoke, and its smoke could go straight to the sky without scattering, so so was the beacon tower? Quot Wolf Yantai "or Yandun. From the second year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1466), sulfur and saltpeter were added to the fireworks, and guns also sounded. According to the number of enemy troops, there are also clear regulations on the number of guns. About one hundred people of the enemy burned a cigarette and fired a shot; Five hundred people raised two cigarettes and two cannons; /kloc-more than 0/000 people fired three cigarettes and three cannons ... as long as one set off fireworks, it was lit one after another, and the command organization located in the distance could quickly understand the enemy's situation. This is an effective scientific communication method in ancient times. China adopted it in the Zhou Dynasty about 2,700 years ago.
Badaling Great Wall Traffic
Badaling is located in Yanqing county, northwest of Beijing, about 80 kilometers away from the urban area. There is an expressway from downtown to Badaling. It takes an hour to get there by tourist shuttle bus. Every morning, the tourist bus leaves at the east side of Qianmen Building, in front of Tiananmen Square History Museum and at the southeast corner of Chongwenmen intersection. The fare is 36 yuan/person.
Deshengmen takes bus No.9 1 9 (every 15 minutes), Qianmen (17 station) takes bus No.0/,Beijing Railway Station East Street (103 station) takes bus No.2, and the West Gate of History Museum takes bus No.2, East Bridge.
The cheapest way to climb the Badaling Great Wall is to get off at Deshengmen by subway, and then take the 9 1 1 bus to the foot of Badaling Great Wall. Everyone in the local train is in 5 yuan, and everyone in the express train is 10 yuan. It's much cheaper and more convenient than a tour bus.
Take a tour bus to 50 yuan, including Juyongguan Great Wall, Badaling Great Wall and Ming Tombs.
Tickets: 45 yuan (student ticket 22.5 yuan); Return to 60 yuan by Badaling Cable Car.
Badaling Great Wall Shopping:
Handicraft company:
The head office is located on the south side of Guancheng Expressway, mainly engaged in enamel, carved lacquer, jewelry and jade, celebrity calligraphy and painting, arts and crafts, tourist clothing and so on.
◇ Film company:
Mainly engaged in photographic equipment and photographic services. Many photo service points have been set up on the Great Wall. Set up a photographic equipment sales department in Guancheng.
◇ Yanjing Painting and Calligraphy Club:
Located on the north side of Ximenwai Highway. Mainly engaged in celebrity calligraphy and painting, Four Treasures of the Study, painting fan, seal inkpad, diamond jewelry, gold and silver jewelry, enamel carving, tooth carving, carpet leather goods, embroidery brocade and so on.
◇ Cultural Relics Store:
Located on the south side of the west gate. Mainly engaged in ancient pottery, bronze enamel, gold and silver lacquerware, ancient coins, jade utensils, bamboo and wood tooth carving, ancient and modern calligraphy and painting, inscriptions and seals, etc.
Xinhua Bookstore:
Located in the southwest of Guancheng West Gate. Manage books, pictures and photo albums related to Badaling.
◇ Badaling Ginkgo Tea Factory:
Located in Badaling Town Economic Development Zone. The produced "Badaling" brand ginkgo tea contains flavonoids, tea polyphenols, amino acids and other substances beneficial to human body. Tested by Beijing Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, its flavonoid content is as high as 3.03%, which is the best of its kind.
Badaling Great Wall Special Reminder
Badaling Great Wall is located in the wind, so you should wear more clothes. Some sections of the Great Wall are steep, so you'd better wear sports shoes, especially women's high heels, otherwise you can only crawl.
Badaling Great Wall gourmet
Badaling restaurant:
Located on the north side of Guancheng Expressway. The business area is 400 square meters, which can provide 200 Chinese and foreign tourists with meals at the same time. The restaurant has a handicraft counter, hot and cold drinks, lunch boxes and fast food.
Badaling Foreign Guest Restaurant:
Located on the south side of Ximenwai Highway, it is an antique building with national characteristics, with simple and elegant appearance and excellent indoor equipment. With a building area of 5,000 square meters, there are four halls: Central Hall, East Hall, West Hall and State Guest Hall, which can accommodate 1 10,000 people at the same time. This restaurant is listed as a designated restaurant in beijing tourism administration. The restaurant has a special counter for tourist goods, dealing in souvenirs featuring the Great Wall, gold and silver jewelry, pearls and agates, jadeite and precious stones, tooth carving and shell carving, Four Treasures of the Study, celebrity calligraphy and painting, silk embroidery, etc. Interestingly, when you rest or eat in the hall, you will often find the floor vibrating and rumbling. This is not an earthquake, but a train running under its feet. This restaurant is located more than 20 meters underground, which is the Badaling Tunnel of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.
◇ Badaling Hotel:
Located in the west of the foreign guests' restaurant, it is a small foreign-related hotel. Suitable for married tourists and Chinese and foreign tourists visiting the Great Wall, and can also receive small meetings. The hotel has 50 single beds and 7 double rooms, and the upscale room has a bathroom. Elegant interior decoration, including sofa, carpet, telephone and TV. The hotel can provide breakfast and dinner for Chinese and foreign guests.
Dragon restaurant:
Located on the south side of Guancheng West Gate Expressway, opposite to Guntian Goukou parking lot. Operating authentic Sichuan cuisine, hosting banquets, providing dinner and fast food. The business area is 300 square meters and can accommodate 200 people at the same time.
Badaling Tourism Company:
Located on the south side of Guancheng Expressway. Operating shops are: craft souvenir retail department, Chinese restaurant, western restaurant and hot and cold drinks department.
There are more than 10 small restaurants and snack bars near Guancheng.
Badaling Great Wall Accommodation
Accommodation in Yanqing County is very convenient, ranging from high-end hotels to cheap small guest houses. Visitors can choose according to their own situation. Yanqing Hotel is recommended.
In addition, you can also stay in Longqingxia Scenic Area.
Yanqing Hotel (two-star): No.50 Jianwai Street, Yanqing Orange Garden;
Price: Double Standard Room 188 yuan;
Tel: 010-69102611;
Du Yu Villa: Longqingxia Scenic Area;
Tel: 010-69191058
Contact information of Badaling Great Wall
Address: South of Yanqing County, Beijing, in the northwest of Beijing, 75 kilometers away from the city center.
Postal code: 102 102
Tel: 69121338 69121423 69121520.
Badaling Great Wall Complaint Telephone
Beijing tourism complaint telephone number: 0 10-65 130828
National tourism complaint telephone number: 0 10-652753 15
Honor of Badaling Great Wall Scenic Area
World cultural heritage
National key cultural relics protection unit
AAAA scenic spot
Ticket price of Badaling Great Wall
45 yuan (student ticket 22.5 yuan); Return to 60 yuan by Badaling Cable Car.
Opening hours of Badaling Great Wall
6: 30-19: 00 in summer; Winter: 7: 00-18: 00.