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On Mencius' Born in Worry and Died in Happiness

Shun

According to legend, Shun's family background is very poor. Although he is a descendant of Emperor Zhuanxiang, the fifth generation was Shu Ren, who was in the lower class. Shun's experience was even more unfortunate. His father, Gu Sou, was blind and his mother died young. Gu Sou remarried, and his stepmother gave birth to a younger brother named Xiang. Shun lives in a family environment of "stubborn father, arrogant mother and arrogant elephant". His father is dishonest, his stepmother is duplicitous, his younger brother is arrogant and unruly, and several people collude to kill Shun. However, Shun did not lose his filial piety to his parents, and was very friendly with his younger brother. He never slacked off for many years. Shun fled in time when his family wanted to harm him; If you get a little better, go back to them immediately and help them as much as possible, so it is "if you want to kill, you can't get it; Seeking, tasting (often) in the side "is so unfortunate and the environment is so bad, but Shun can show extraordinary moral character and handle family relations well, which is a unique aspect of his legendary stories. Shun's family was poor, so he engaged in all kinds of manual labor and experienced ups and downs. He cultivated and planted in Lishan (today's unknown place is Zhongtiao Mountain in Yongji County), fished in Leize (formerly known as Gulei Xiaze in Jiyin, Shandong Province), made pottery on the bank of the Yellow River, made household utensils in Shouqiu (today's unknown place), and even did small business in Xiaxia (today's unknown place). In short, his livelihood was difficult, he was displaced and he was running around to support his family. According to legend, Shun became famous when he was 2 years old. He was famous for his filial piety. Because he can stick to filial piety to his parents who abused and persecuted him, he was called Yang in his youth. Ten years later, Yao asked Siyue (the leader of the four governors) for a successor, and Siyue recommended Shun. Yao married his two daughters to Shun to test his character and ability. Shun not only makes the two daughters live in harmony with the whole family, but also shows outstanding talents and noble personality strength in all aspects. "Shun Geng Li Shan, everyone who has experienced the mountain gives way; Fishing for Razer, everyone in Razer gives way. As long as it is where he works, the fashion of comity will rise; "Pottery riverside, riverside utensils are not bitter", making pottery can also drive people around to engage in earnest, strive for perfection, and put an end to the phenomenon of shoddy construction. Wherever he went, people were willing to follow him, so "in one year, he lived together (together is the village), in two years, he became a city, and in three years, Chengdu (with four counties as the capital)". Yao was very happy to learn these things, and gave Shun Yi clothes (fine ge cloth clothes) and Qin, cattle and sheep, and built a barn for him.

Fu Shuo

Before entering politics, Fu Shuo worked as a slave in Fu Yan. It is the junction of Yu and Guo, and it is also the main road of traffic. Because the running water in the mountain stream often washes away the road, the slaves built a road protection here. Fu Shuo made a living by engaging in printing and building. Although he was talented, he could not display it. Wu Ding, King of Shang Dynasty, was an emperor who made great efforts to govern the country. Before he ascended the throne, he once lived among "little people" and knew more about the actual situation in society. After he ascended the throne, he didn't manage politics for three years, and the state affairs were all managed by Jia Zai. He watched from the sidelines and thought about the strategy of reviving the Shang Dynasty. Later, Fu Shuo was found among the slaves who built the road protection, and he was selected as the phase. After Fu Shuo served as prime minister, he assisted Wu Ding to reform politics vigorously, and "Jiajing Yinbang" made the nobles and civilians have no complaints, which was called "the Great Governance of Yinguo" and "the Renaissance of Yindao" in history. Wu Ding once became the heyday of the late Shang Dynasty.

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Jiao Wei, a native of the Shang Dynasty, lived in seclusion in the Shang Dynasty at first. Zhou Wenwang recommended him to Yin Zhou Wang as a minister. Later, Zhou Wang was tyrannical and ruthless, and Zhou Wuwang made a crusade. When Zhou Wang got the news, he sent a glue bottle to the swimming pool to wait for Zhou Wuwang to find out the truth. When Zhou Wuwang's army arrived in Xishui, Jiao Wei asked King Wu, "Where is Xibo going? "King Wu replied," To Yin. "and asked," when will it arrive? ""Jiazi Day went to Yincheng City "so Jiao Wei returned to the DPRK to reply. It was just raining at that time, but the king of Wu still marched with his troops, and the strategist thought it was impossible. King Wu said, "Jiao Wei has gone back to answer my orders. If I don't arrive on time, Jiao Wei will definitely be killed for cheating the king." We must arrive on time to save the glue. | From this story, it can be seen that King Wen, Zhou Wang and King Wu attach great importance to his faithfulness and virtue.

Guan yiwu

Guan zhong (? -In 645 BC, Yiwu, also known as Jing Zhong, was a famous politician of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was born in Yingshang (now Yingshang, Anhui). Guan Zhong lost his father when he was young, and his mother was in the hall, and his life was poor. He had to stir up the burden of his family early. In order to make a living, he joined the army after doing business with Bao Shuya, and after many twists and turns, he was recommended by Bao Shuya as the prime minister of Qi, known as the "first phase in the Spring and Autumn Period", and assisted Qi Huangong to become the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Sun Shuao

In about 65 BC, Sun Shuao presided over the construction of water conservancy in Qisiluo (now in Shihewan Experimental Zone, Gushi County, Henan Province), and built the earliest large-scale canal system water conservancy project in China-Qisiluo Irrigation Area (Qisiluo Irrigation Area), which is equivalent to the area irrigated by the main canal in the newly-built Meishan Irrigation Area. According to records, he also presided over the construction of Shaopi (now Anfengtang, Shou County, Anhui Province), and also built water conservancy in Jiangling, Hubei Province. In the 15th year of Chu Zhuangwang (599 BC), Sun Shuao worshiped Yin as a substitute, and advocated "teaching the people" and "deploying politics with Tao". He attached great importance to the people's livelihood economy, formulated and implemented relevant policies and decrees, and tried his best to make agriculture, industry and Jia have their own convenience. He used qu shui to build water conservancy projects in Hanxi, and also built a large plain reservoir "Haizi" in Jiangling. Encourage farmers to mine in the mountains in autumn and winter, so that the bronze industry can develop vigorously. In Chu State, there was a heyday of "rich people in the family are happy, well-supported and happy, the order is in the DPRK, there is no moth, and the harvest is prosperous".

Balixi

Balixi moved to Yu State as a doctor. In the fifth year of Qin Mugong (655 BC), the State of Jin took advantage of Yu to attack the State of Guo, and Gong Zhiqi, a doctor, admonished Yu Jun for "humiliating his teeth". Yu Jun agreed to the State of Jin because he had accepted Jin Xiangong's "treasure jade" and a famous horse's "yield reduction". Knowing that Yu Jun was incompetent and difficult to coachable, Prissy kept silent. As a result, after Jin destroyed Guo, he destroyed Yu Guo when he returned, and Yu Jun and Prissy were captured. Later, Jin Xiangong married his daughter to Qin Mugong, and Prissy was sent to Qin as a courtier. Ashamed of this, he fled from the State of Qin to Wan (now Nanyang, Henan) and was captured by people at the border of Chu. Qin Mugong heard that Bailixi was wise and wanted to redeem him at a high price, but he was afraid that the Chu people wouldn't allow him, so he sent someone to say to the Chu people, "My minister, Bailixi, is absent. Please redeem him with five sheepskins." The Chu people agreed to return prissy to Qin. When Prissy returned to the State of Qin, Qin Mugong personally opened the prison lock for him and asked him about state affairs. Prissy refused to say that he was a minister of national subjugation and was not worth asking. Qin Mugong said: "Yu Jun didn't use his son, so he died, which is not a sin." Qin Mugong and Priscilla talked about state affairs for several days, and Qin Mugong appreciated him very much, and granted him state affairs, known as the "Doctor of Five Stages". By this time, he was over 7 years old.