Durian is a giant tropical evergreen tree with oblong leaves, pointed tops, and cymes. The flowers are light yellow in color. The fruit is the size of a football. The skin is solid and densely covered with triangular thorns. The flesh is composed of arils and is flesh-colored.
Light yellow, sticky and juicy, it is a fruit of great economic value.
Contents 1. Living habits 2. Morphological characteristics 3. Distribution range 4. Planting technology 5. Purchasing skills 6. Nutritional value Living habits Durian is a purely tropical crop. The phenological characteristics of durian are that the daily average temperature in the place where it grows is above 22°C.
It can be planted in frost-free areas and can be developed in parts of Hainan and Yunnan provinces in China.
Because durian requires a high-temperature climate all year round to grow and bear fruit, even in equatorial regions and highlands above 600m above sea level, durian cannot be planted or will not bear fruit due to the drop in temperature.
Morphological Characteristics: It is an evergreen tree, up to 25 meters high, with scales on the tops of its young branches.
The stipules are 1.5-2 cm long, the leaves are oblong, sometimes obovate-oblong, short acuminate or sharp acuminate, the base is round or blunt, both sides are shiny, the upper surface is smooth, the back has adnate scales and lateral veins
10-12 pairs, 10-15 cm long, 3-5 cm wide; petioles 1.5-2.8 cm long, cymes slender and drooping, clustered on stems or large branches, each sequence has 3-30 flowers; buds are spherical
; Pedicel scaled, 2-4 cm long.
The bracts hold the calyx, which is shorter than the calyx. The calyx is tube-shaped, 2.5-3 cm high, with a swollen base, and the inner surface is densely pubescent, with 5-6 short and wide calyx teeth; the petals are yellow-white, 3.5-5 cm long,
It is twice as long as the calyx, oblong and spatulate, laterally everted; stamens are in 5 bundles, each bundle has 4-18 filaments, and the base of the filaments is connate for 1/4-1/2; the capsule is oval, light yellow or yellow-green, long
15-30 cm, 13-15 cm thick, 2-6 seeds per cell, aril white or yellowish white, with strong smell.
The flowering and fruiting period is from June to December.
Durian is a very contradictory fruit. In some places, it is regarded as a fruit for religious worship, but it is also prohibited from being brought into public places because of its pungent smell.
Durian is as big as a football, has a rough and uneven skin, and has a light yellow juice. It smells extremely bad but has a delicate and sweet taste.
But this kind of fruit is called the king of fruits because it is extremely rich in nutrients.
But many foreigners can't stand its smell and throw it out the window before tasting it.
Distribution range The origin is Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia.
Some believe it is native to the Philippines.
Durian grows all over Southeast Asia, mainly in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and other places. Other places where durian is grown include Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, the West Indies, Florida, Hawaii, Papua New Guinea, and the Polynesian Islands.
, Madagascar, northern Australia and Singapore.
Planting method: Seedlings can be planted when they are 30 to 40 centimeters tall. The spacing between rows is 3 meters x 5 meters. Apply base fertilizer, soil fertilizer and appropriate amount of lime as base fertilizer.
It can be planted all year round, preferably with soil.
Fertilization management: Fruit-bearing trees should be fertilized once a year, namely budding fertilizer in spring, fruit enlargement fertilizer in summer and pre-fruit picking fertilizer. In particular, fruit enlargement fertilizer should be applied.
Apply organic fertilizer deeply after harvesting the fruit.
Shaping and pruning Because the germination power is very strong, attention should be paid to shaping 1 to 2 years after planting, and timely pruning after fruit harvesting to maintain a good tree shape.
Purchasing Tip 1: Only when you pinch the spikes and ripen the durian can it be sweet and waxy; if you accidentally buy an immature durian, its pulp will often be hard and astringent, making it unpalatable.
If you want to know how ripe the durian is, you can know it through a small movement.
This fat mace is covered with dense spikes. Select two adjacent spikes, hold the tips of the spikes with your hands, and pinch them inward with a little force. If it is easier, you can
Keeping them close to each other proves that the durian is softer and more mature; if it feels very solid and cannot be pinched at all, it proves that the durian is relatively raw.
Tip 2: Look at the size By identifying the size and appearance color of the fruit, you can also identify whether the durian is ripe.
The same principle as choosing watermelons, generally speaking, larger durians will be more mature.
Judging from the color of the shell, mature durians are more transparent yellow. If there is more green color, it proves that they are not mature enough.
Tip 3: Look at the degree of cracking. Many people think that durians that open naturally are good durians, but this is not necessarily the case.
If you like to use this method, you should pay attention to identify several situations.
Generally speaking, durians that have been tested through the above two methods, Tip 1 and Tip 2, will be relatively good, and they do not necessarily have to be opened.
If you want to choose a fruit with a cracked shell, it is best to choose one with a small crack, that is, one that has just begun to crack, because if the fruit has already cracked, the exposed pulp will be easily contaminated and will deteriorate easily.
If you choose a relatively mature durian that has just opened, it is best to enjoy it as soon as possible after returning home. Do not leave it for a long time, otherwise it will easily deteriorate.