the fragrant bamboo tube of zongzi is tender, and the crispy goose is fresh.

There are many pavilions in the water country, and Wu Fengshang plays the orchestral.

every family has wine, and you can't cross the boat anywhere.

I'm in front of you.

this village is old, and the east looks forward to it.

it's autumn in Luoxia and rainy in Jiangnan.

it has been thirteen years since Qiyun went upstairs.

Just after the summer solstice in the third year of Tang Kaicheng (AD 838), Bai Juyi, a great poet, wrote this article "Remembering Suzhou as a Guest in the Summer Solstice with Dreams". "Dream" is the word of Liu Yuxi, a good friend of Bai Juyi.

They not only have a good personal relationship, but also have the same poem title, which is also called "Liu Bai" in history. According to the old people's habit of calling gay friends, of course, one is called "Lotte" and the other is called "Dream". They didn't go any further. One was called "Lele" and the other was called "Mengmeng", which was enough to take care of the vomit index of the audience.

The article "Le Le" was written to sing "Summer Solstice Memories of Suzhou as a Guest of Lu" written by Mengmeng on the day of this year's summer solstice. Unfortunately, Mengmeng's "Summer Solstice Memories of Suzhou Guests Showing Lu" has been lost, and we can no longer know what he wrote, so we can only guess from the poems of "Lele".

When I was in Suzhou, I was always familiar with the feast of the summer solstice: I thought that when I was in Suzhou, I was very familiar with the feast of the summer solstice.

As a famous foodie among poets in the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi said here that he was very familiar with the local banquets in Suzhou, which was really too modest.

Although his achievements in Suzhou secretariat are not bad, and he himself is not a corrupt official who only likes to eat and drink, due to the respect of the secretariat's adult and the nature of a romantic scholar, there are still a lot of unnecessary entertainment. Therefore, here he should say "I remember my days in Suzhou, and I often eat Suzhou feasts", which is the attitude of seeking truth from facts.

The bamboo tube of zongzi is tender, and the roasted goose is fresh: the zongzi in the tender bamboo tube has an attractive aroma, and the roasted goose is delicious.

In the poem, Bai Juyi misses two kinds of Suzhou delicacies most: Zongzi and roast goose.

Zongzi originated from Qu Yuan's sacrifice to the sun, but in the Tang Dynasty, Zongzi was also called "Jiaoshu". Moreover, in the Tang Dynasty, in addition to using zongzi leaves, it seems from the poem that bamboo tubes were used to make zongzi. What can be proved is that Shen Yazhi, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote bamboo tube zongzi: "The leaves of Pu are green with knives, and the drums are fragrant with Chu zongzi." "Yun tube" is "bamboo tube".

the most noteworthy thing about this sentence is "roasting". "Grilled" is what we call barbecue today. Like our foodies today, the ancient people in China have always liked to eat barbecue.

Barbecue has been a cooking method since the pre-Qin period. In The Book of Songs Xiaoya, there is a saying that "there is a rabbit with a head, and it is burnt", which means that the ancients are eating roasted rabbits. In the Tang Dynasty, barbecues became more common. For example, in "The Whole Tang Poetry", the word "roasted" appeared as many as 91 times in the writings of poets who ate food.

According to incomplete statistics, the barbecue menu of Tang people includes roast yak, roast hump, roast chicken, roast duck, roast goose, roast mutton, roast elephant trunk, roast boar, roast bamboo rat, roast mandarin duck, roast myna, roast toad, roast swimming crab, roast clam, roast oyster and roast clam.

At this point, my mouth is watering: only those who enter the barbecue menu have birds and animals; There are delicacies and seafood; There are meat and vegetables. As for barbecue techniques, there are as many as twenty kinds, including holding, pounding, cutting, baking, baking and so on. It turns out that the barbecue of the Tang people is better than ours.

since Bai Juyi said "roast goose" in his poem, let's focus on how the Tang people roasted goose. According to historical records, there are at least three baking methods:

The first one is the most normal baking method. According to "Qi Min Yao Shu", "Roasted Goose" should choose fat and tender young geese, and barbecue them by pounding and roasting. First cut into strips, marinated with seasonings and tasted, "only when the fire is urgent, the juice will be cooked." Based on my personal weekend cooking experience, goose meat can't be "roasted in a low heat", otherwise it will dry and turn into firewood, losing its delicious taste.

the second method is the most local roasting method: according to Lu's Miscellaneous Notes, "Every goose is selected according to the number of people, the hair is removed, and the five internal organs are removed, and the meat and glutinous rice are brewed, and the five flavors are blended. Take a bite of the sheep first, peel it, remove the intestines and stomach, put the goose in the sheep, and sew it. If the mutton is cooked, it is as good as going to the sheep. Take the goose and eat it, which is called the sheep. " In order to eat a few geese and throw away a whole sheep, this kind of barbecue method, which is both local tyrant and a little ethnic, is estimated that Bai Juyi was in Suzhou, the mainland, and it is unlikely to eat it.

the third is the most abnormal baking method. According to a report in the government and the public, "it is easy to make it a big iron cage, and put geese and ducks in it, in which charcoal fire is picked up, and the copper basin stores five flavors of juice. When geese and ducks walk around the fire, they drink the juice when they are thirsty, and the fire will hurt them, and they will be cooked both inside and outside, with all their hair falling off and red meat dying." In order to eat a bite, it is the most abnormal barbecue in history.

Of course, Mr. Zhang Yizhi, it is well known that it is not easy: as Wu Zetian's little lover in bed when he was old, "pervert" has always been the main theme of his life; Therefore, in his daily life under the bed, he occasionally changed his attitude and abused or even killed small animals. I hope everyone will understand and live forever.

It is preliminarily estimated that the roast goose that Bai Juyi ate in Suzhou was cooked by the first most normal roasting method.

well, it seems a little far. Let's get back to poetry.

There are many pavilions in the water country, and Wu Fengshang plays orchestral music: Suzhou, the land of Wu, is known as the water town, and there are dancing pavilions and singing platforms everywhere, full of the music of playing orchestral music.

Every family has wine, and boats are everywhere: during the summer solstice festival, every family has wine to entertain guests, and boats are like weaving shuttles everywhere.

I was the first to be a secretary in Suzhou, and you two were the first to be a secretary in Suzhou.

Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, and Lu Guest mentioned in the poem "Remembering Suzhou as a Guest in the Summer Solstice with Dreams" once held the post of Suzhou Secretariat, among which Liu Yuxi and Lu Guest were still in the relationship of mutual seal.

"Wan Wei" is a rare allusion of Bai Juyi, who has always written poems in plain words. This allusion originated from Jia Cong, the secretariat of Yizhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

according to the system of the eastern Han dynasty, when a local secretariat takes office, it should "pass the cart and drive, hang down the red curtain and greet the state boundary" to show its prestige. However, when Jia Cong took office as the secretariat of Yizhou, he lifted the red veil in front of the car and said, "When the secretariat of Yizhou is far-sighted and widely listened to, it is necessary to check the beauty and evil. Why not hang down the veil to cover it up?" It's ordered by the charioteer. When a hundred cities hear the wind, they naturally shake. All those who have cheated are looking for the wind to solve the problem.

Since then, the allusion of "Wan Wei" has been used to describe local officials who are honest and upright. Bai Juyi's allusion here not only implies that his post at that time was the same as Jia Cong's, but also a position of secretariat, and at the same time it is quite boastful. However, as far as his achievements in Suzhou are concerned, he can afford the word "curtain".

this village is old, but looking east is still the same: now that the three of us are old, looking east from Luoyang to Suzhou, we still miss it.

It's autumn when wheat falls in Luoxia, and it's rainy in the south of the Yangtze River: At present, Luoyang is the season of wheat harvest, which is also the rainy weather in Suzhou in the south of the Yangtze River.

it's been thirteen years since Qiyun went upstairs: it's been thirteen years since I thought about the past events in Qiyun, Suzhou.

Qiyun Building, a famous building in Suzhou, was renamed by Bai Juyi. Qiyun Building, formerly known as "Yuehua Building", is said to have been built by Li Ming, the 14th son of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, when he served as Suzhou secretariat. When Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou, he took the meaning of "high and cloud" and renamed it "Qiyun Building".

During the summer solstice, Bai Juyi sang with Liu Yuxi, and wrote "Dreaming of the Summer Solstice and Remembering Suzhou as a Guest of Lu", which revealed a story of officialdom in the Tang Dynasty.

This story of officialdom is in the annotation Bai Juyi added to this poem: "Give it to Liu and Lu, who have been in Suzhou for a long time, and now they are in the same division, but they are older than Luo Xia."

It turns out that Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, and the guest Lu mentioned in the poem once had two unusual experiences in officialdom:

First, "Suzhou is a classic": that is, several years ago, these three people successively held the post of Suzhou secretariat.

this is a historical fact: Bai Juyi was appointed as Suzhou secretariat of history as early as May of the first year of Baoli (AD 825), and was transferred in September of the following year, with a total employment of * * * for 17 months. So he said in his poem, "I am in front"; Liu Yuxi became the secretariat of Suzhou, in February of the sixth year of Daiwa (AD 832) and transferred to July of the eighth year of Daiwa, with a total of 29 months; After Liu Yuxi was transferred, it was Lu Zhouren, the "guest of Lu" mentioned in the poem, who succeeded him as the secretariat of Suzhou in August of the eighth year of Daiwa (AD 834), so Bai Juyi said in his poem that "it is important to pay tribute to the monarch".

Second, "Today we share the same division, but we are old in Luoxia": When Bai Juyi wrote "Remembering Suzhou as a Guest in the Summer Solstice with Dreams", three people were also "division officers" and were supporting the elderly in Luoyang, the eastern capital.

Among the three, Bai Juyi is the most qualified "division officer". As early as the end of March in the third year of Daiwa (AD 829), Bai Juyi had come to Luoyang as the "capital of the Prince's guests"; It was not until the first year of Kaicheng (AD 836) that Liu Yuxi was awarded the title of "Prince's Guest Division as the East Capital" and also came to Luoyang. Lu Zhouren came to Luoyang at the latest. He wrote poems in Bai Juyi's year, that is, for three years (A.D. 838), before he was appointed as "the capital of the prince's guests".

However, although Lu Zhouren came late, it was crucial. He is like a fuse, igniting Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi's Suzhou memory and detonating Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi's Suzhou poetry.

In other words, it is precisely because Lu Zhouren also came to Luoyang to be the "division officer" that Liu Yuxi's thoughts about Suzhou were touched, and Liu Yuxi wrote "Remembering Suzhou as a Guest in the Summer Solstice"; It also touched Bai Juyi's thoughts about Suzhou, and Bai Juyi wrote "Remembering Suzhou as a Guest in the Summer Solstice with Dreams".

In this year, Bai Binke and Liu Binke were both 67 years old, while Lu Binke couldn't know his age because of the unknown year of birth and death, but since they were both supporting the elderly in Luoyang, it is obvious that the three of them are of the same age.

The "Division Officer" or "Prince's Guest Dividing the East Capital" that the three of them held at this time belonged to another official system that was set up in Luoyang, the east capital of the Tang Dynasty, and was independent of the capital Chang 'an.

This official system of Dongdu can be divided into Dongdu government agencies, Dongdu Yushitai and Dongdu affairs agencies.

The administrative organization of Dongdu mainly refers to Shangshu Province and its subordinate institutions, which have the powers of guarding Dongdu, maintaining public order, developing economy, and taking charge of civil affairs, and are positions with certain responsibilities and powers among the "Division" officials;

The Yushitai in Dongdu is also a real authority, responsible for the supervision of all officials in Dongdu;

The East Capital Affairs Agency mainly refers to the five supervisors of the Nine Temples and the officials of the Secretary Province, the Temple Ministry, the Interior Ministry and the East Palace. After the mid-Tang Dynasty, the East Capital Affairs Agency basically had no responsibilities and powers, mainly for retired officials to provide for the elderly.

At this time, the "Prince's Guest Division of the East Capital" held by the three girls is the East Palace official affiliated to the East Capital Affairs Agency. Although he has no job and no right, he is idle and rich.

Bai Juyi's poem tells us that in the summer solstice in the third year of Kaicheng (AD 838), three idle and rich old men who had been the secretariat of Suzhou and now retired in Luoyang thought of Suzhou.

among the three old men, Liu Yuxi, who wrote poems first, certainly misses Suzhou the most, because he is a native of Suzhou. He lived in Suzhou until he was 19, and he spent his childhood and adolescence before leaving Suzhou. For Liu Yuxi, Suzhou is the hometown where he was born and raised.

So, when he took Suzhou people as the secretariat of Suzhou, he naturally tried his best to contribute to the construction of his hometown. In the first year when he stabbed Su, Suzhou suffered a severe flood. As soon as Liu Yuxi arrived, he devoted himself to the intense flood relief work.

He went deep into the people, visited the disaster situation, and reported the disaster losses and people's sufferings to the court in time, and won the policy of tax exemption for Suzhou people. By the time he was transferred, Suzhou not only eliminated the impact of floods, but also resumed production, and the economy also showed a recovery momentum.

for this reason, the imperial court appraised Liu Yuxi's political achievements during his stay in Suzhou as "the best in politics" and gave him the honor of "giving Zijin Fish Bag". This is also Liu Yuxi, who has been down and out in politics all his life, and the only time he is proud of officialdom.

With the homesickness and such unforgettable experience, can Liu Yuxi not miss Suzhou?

Bai Juyi, who wrote peace poems, is of course a person who misses Suzhou very much. Although he is not from Suzhou but from Henan, he also spent his childhood in Suzhou.

In the fourth year of Jianzhong (AD 783), Bai Fu sent Bai Juyi, 12, to Suzhou to escape the war. It was during the period of living in Suzhou and Hangzhou that Bai Juyi, who was already 15 years old, began to study angrily. "I knew that there were scholars and studied hard." It was not until the seventh year of Zhenyuan (AD 791) that Bai Juyi was 21 years old that he left Suzhou.

In those days, when Bai Juyi was eager to study in Suzhou, he was very envious of Wei Yingwu, the secretariat of Suzhou, and Fang Rufu, the secretariat of Hangzhou. However, at that time, he was young and had no fame, so he didn't have a chance to visit these two idols. "You can't have a banquet with your youth, especially because you feel that your talent is raised and your county is respected."

Therefore, Bai Juyi secretly wished: "It is enough for Su and Hang Gou to win a county the next day!" -In the future, as long as I get any position in Suzhou secretariat and Hangzhou secretariat, this life will be enough.

In other words, God loves Bai Juyi very much. In July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822), 51-year-old Bai Juyi became the secretariat of Hangzhou. After that, in March of the first year of Baoli (AD 825), Bai Juyi was appointed as Suzhou secretariat again. When he was a teenager, his dream of "Su and Hang Gou won one county" was achieved in both counties, and his childhood dream was exceeded.

So, there is still a dream. What if it comes true?

In Suzhou, Bai Juyi actually only did one thing. But just this one thing, it has influenced Suzhou for thousands of years, and it is still there today.

At that time, in order to facilitate the land and water transportation in Suzhou, Bai Juyi led the digging of a Shantang River from Huqiu in the west to Changmen in the east, which enabled the ancient city to connect with Sichuan in the north and south, which was not only "free from illness" but also "obstructed flow", thus creating the famous landscape "Qili Shantang" that still exists in Suzhou.

Bai Juyi left Suzhou because of illness. He was injured when he fell off a horse, his eye disease recurred, and he had other plans for his later life, so he had to reluctantly leave Suzhou.

When he was leaving, he reluctantly wrote "Farewell to Suzhou": "Looking at Wuqiu Road, thinking about the water pavilion. I am happy to return to my hometown. Can I go to the county without mercy? "

Not only did Bai Juyi feel reluctant to leave, but he also suffered from "Suzhou lovesickness" from then on:

In the fourth year after leaving, he missed Suzhou and wrote "Memories of Suzhou in Early Spring": "I really know that I can't miss happiness, but I have been away from home for four years";

when he left the sixth year, he missed Suzhou again, and wrote "reminiscing about the past": "I was wild six or seven years ago, and I thought about it three thousand miles away";

After leaving the summer solstice in the thirteenth year, he missed Suzhou again, and wrote this song "Dreaming of the Summer Solstice and Remembering Suzhou as a Guest": "Remembering the day in Suzhou, always knowing the summer solstice feast";

when he left for the eighteenth year, he missed Suzhou again.