The deeds of the Eight Beauties of Qinhuai were first seen in Yu Huai's "Banqiao Miscellaneous Notes", which respectively wrote about six people, including Gu Hengbo, Dong Xiaowan, Bian Yujing, Li Xiangjun, Kou Baimen, and Ma Xianglan!

Later generations added Liu Rushi and Chen Yuanyuan and called it Bayan.

The eight of them have several things in common. First of all, they all have patriotic national integrity. Except for Ma Xianglan, all the eight beauties of Qinhuai have experienced the great turmoil of the dynasty change from Ming to Qing.

At that time, many corrupt officials in the Ming Dynasty were afraid of death and betrayed their country for glory. In sharp contrast to them, Qinhuai Bayan, although she was a woman who was oppressed at the bottom of society, she was able to show noble courage at the critical moment of the country's survival.

National solar term.

Then, they all have high attainments in poetry and painting.

All eight of them are capable of poetry and painting, but most of them have been lost. Only Liu Rushi's works have been preserved. They were diligent in creating and trying to express their feelings about life.

The Palace Museum once exhibited Ma Xianglan's orchid scroll, and Wuxi Museum also exhibited Dong Xiaowan's butterfly paintings in Nanjing; the last point is that they are very loyal to love and friendship.

The eight beauties of Qinhuai were all forced to go to brothels.

Who has ever thought about such a career as a comedian?

They all want to find a compatible husband to stay with for the rest of their lives, but they always take love and friendship as the criteria for choosing a spouse, but they have experienced ups and downs.

This was certainly a tragedy for women in society at that time, but it also reflected their own noble qualities.

1. Liu Rushi (one of the Eight Beauties of Qinhuai) Liu Rushi was a famous singing prostitute who was active during the Ming and Qing dynasties. She had a strong personality, integrity, intelligence, and great courage. Her reputation was no less than that of Li Xiangjun, Bian Yujing and Gu Meisheng.

Liu Rushi's name is Rushi, with the diminutive character "蘼武". His real name is Ailiu. He read Xin Qiji's poem: "I see how charming the green mountains are, and I expected that the green mountains would be like this to me", so he named himself Rushi; later he was also called "Hedong Jun", "Hedong Jun", "Hedongjun", "Hedongjun"

"Mr. Miwu".

She is from Jiaxing, born in the 50th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. She was smart and studious when she was young. However, due to her poverty, she was robbed and sold to Wujiang as a maid at a young age. She fell into Zhangtai when she was young, changed her name to Liu Yin, and traveled around in troubled times.

Between Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jinling.

Because of her unparalleled beauty and talent, she became a famous concubine of Qinhuai.

She left behind many anecdotes worthy of telling as well as literary poems "Grass on the Lake", "Wu Yin Zhuo" and rulers.

Liu Rushi was once friendly with Zhang Fu and Chen Zilong, the leaders of the Nanming Restoration Society, and agreed with Chen Qing. However, Chen was unfortunately defeated and died in the anti-Qing uprising.

Liu's requirements for choosing a son-in-law were very high. She looked down on many proposals from celebrities, and some of them only stayed at the friendship stage.

Finally, in the 14th year of Chongzhen, when she was in her 20s, she married Qian Qianyi, a leader of Donglin who was over fifty and a well-known bureaucrat.

After Qian married Liu, he built the magnificent "Jiangyun Tower" and "Hongdou Pavilion" for her in Yushan. The golden house hides the beauty.

Liu's descendants gave birth to a daughter.

Some "red scholars" believe that the Jiangyun Pavilion designed by Cao Xueqin is derived from the Jiangyun Tower of the Liu family.

When Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself and the Qing army occupied Beijing, the Hongguang Small Court was established in Nanjing. Liu Rushi supported Qian Qianyi and became the Minister of Rites of the Nanming Dynasty.

Soon the Qing army marched south. When the troops approached the city, Liu persuaded Qian to join him and die for his country. Qian was thoughtful and speechless. Finally, he stepped into the pool and tested the water and said, "The water is too cold to enter."

Ms. Liu "wanted to sink into the pool", but Ms. Qian held her back.

So Qian was shy and welcomed the surrender.

Qian Jiangqing went to Beijing, but Liu stayed in Nanjing.

Qian became a minister of the Ministry of Rites and a bachelor of the Imperial Academy in the Qing Dynasty. Due to the influence of the Liu family, he resigned after half a year due to illness.

Later, he was involved in two lawsuits.

Liu Rushi bribed him to be released from prison while he was ill, and encouraged him to contact Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan, Qu Shichun, Wei Geng, etc. who were still resisting.

Liu also tried her best to support and comfort the anti-Qing rebels, all of which showed her strong patriotism and national integrity.

Qian Qianyi's surrender to the Qing Dynasty should have been criticized by later generations, but Liu Rushi's righteous deeds diluted people's antipathy towards him.

Yu Dafu recorded Liu Rushi's poem "I Listen to the Room in Spring" in "Yu Xia Zazai".

In terms of literary and artistic talents, she can be called one of the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai".

After reading her poems, the famous scholar Chen Yinke felt "stunned" and admired Liu Rushi's "clear words and beautiful sentences".

The people of the Qing Dynasty believed that her ruler slips were "more beautiful than those in the Six Dynasties, and they were deeply affectionate to Ban Cai".

Liu is also proficient in music, good at dancing, and is also famous for her calligraphy and painting. Her paintings are skillful, simple, and beautiful; her calligraphy is highly praised by future generations, who call her "an iron fist with a silver hook, which can capture wonderful traces."

After Qian's death in 1666, the villagers gathered to seize his property. In order to protect the Qian family's property, Liu actually committed suicide with a silk tie.

Although the villains were scared away, a generation of talented women ended their lives like this.

After Liu's death, he was buried in Fushui Villa in Yushan.

2. Chen Yuanyuan (one of the Eight Beauties of Qinhuai) Chen Yuanyuan was originally a singing girl from Kunshan and once lived in Qinhuai. Because of her outstanding erotic skills and her connection with major historical events, the Qing people included her among the "Eight Beauties of Qinhuai"

among.

Chen Yuanyuan's original surname is Xing, her given name is Yuan, her courtesy name is Yuanyuan, and her courtesy name is Wanfang. She adopted her adoptive mother Chen as a child, so she changed her surname to Chen.

She is extremely beautiful, with bright flowers and snow, she is good at singing and dancing, and her beauty and art are among the best.

In the last years of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng's peasant uprising army shocked the court, and Emperor Chongzhen was restless day and night.

Zhou Kui, the uncle of Jiading, wanted to find a stunning beauty for the emperor to relieve the emperor's worries, so he sent Concubine Tian's brother Tian Wan to the south of the Yangtze River to look for her.

After Tian Wan found Chen Yuanyuan, he was so fascinated by her beauty that he secretly took it as his own.