Chinese: Naples

Foreign language: Naples

Italian: Napoli

Alias:? Napoli and Napoli

Administrative category: City

Location: Campania, Italy

Naples (Napoli and Napoli); Italian: Napoli；; Neapolitan: Nàpule；; English: Naples).

Napoli is the largest city in southern Italy and the capital of Campania and Naples. The city covers an area of 117 square kilometers with a population of less than 1 million. The Naples metropolitan area has a population of about 3.8 million, which is the third largest metropolitan area in Italy and the fifth largest metropolitan area in Europe after Milan and Rome.

Naples is the largest city in southern Italy with beautiful scenery and one of the most famous scenic spots in the Mediterranean. Vesuvius is located in the southeast of Naples, with an altitude of 1,281 meters. It is an active volcano and has erupted many times in history, the most famous one being a large-scale eruption in 79 AD. The fiery pyroclastic flow destroyed the prosperous ancient city of Pompeii at that time. There is an observatory near the volcano. The most beautiful place in Naples is the beautiful coast of Santa Lucia. The sunrise here is very beautiful. You can overlook Vesuvius across the Bay of Naples.

The Royal Palace of Naples was built in the 7th century. It used to be the residence of the governor-general and the king, and now it is the National Library, new castle and National Art Gallery. [1] Naples started 611 years ago and is famous for its rich history, culture, art and food. The historical center of Naples has been listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO, and it has played an important role for most of its 2511-year history. The city was founded by the ancient Greeks. Later, the Romans, Normans and Spaniards all left their marks in the city, which was once the capital of two Sicilian kingdoms ruled by Bourbon until risorgimento.

Napoli, a Serie A team, ranked 5th in Serie A in the 2114-2115 season. On February 26th, 2119, it ranked 252nd in the list of the top 511 cities in the world in 2119.

satellite map of Naples

history: it was built 611 years ago. The old city is called Paraopoli, which was built after being conquered by Rome in 326 years ago. It was once the summer resort of the Roman emperor. It was ruled by Byzantium in the 6th century. It became an independent duchy in the 8th century. It became a part of Sicily in the 2nd century. In 1282, southern Italy separated from Sicily and was renamed the Kingdom of Naples. Before the French invasion in the Napoleonic period, Bourbon ruled the two places, but they were formally divided into "Kingdom of Naples" and "Kingdom of Sicily". After changing the name of the kingdom, Ferdinand became King Ferdinand I. Incorporated into the kingdom of Italy in 1861. It was severely damaged in World War II and rebuilt after the war. The industrial center of southern Italy is dominated by steel, oil refining, automobiles, cement, chemicals, locomotives, shipbuilding, textiles and food. Traditional industries such as pottery, jewelry and glass are well-known. Coral and pearl farming flourished and were used to make exquisite handicrafts. Railway hub, big trading port, passenger port and naval base. The harbor is wide and deep, and can berth ocean-going ships. Exports are mainly steel and petroleum products.

scenic spots? Many ancient arts and cultural relics. There is a world-famous national museum, which is rich in ancient Greek sculptures and unearthed cultural relics from Pompeii and Herculaneum. Capodimonte Palace houses paintings by Michelangelo and Raphael. Multi-medieval church Tourism is developed, with about 2 million tourists a year.

The Greeks founded the city and the Romans acquired it

The history of this city can be traced back to the 7th century, when the residents of the nearby Greek colony Kumai established a city called Paltenopper; Kumai itself was founded by residents from the Greek island of Ubea. Paltenopper is the name of a Sai Ren in Greek mythology. It is said that she was the founder of Naples. However, the Kumai people created Niapoli (ν ε? πολι? , Neápolis, meaning "new town"), the exact reason for this is not known. During this period, they stopped the Etruscan invasion attempt. The growth of the new city benefited from the influence of the powerful Greek city-state, Syracuse, and also benefited from the merger of the old and new cities in the Bay of Naples.

Naples

The city became an ally of Rome against Carthage; The strong wall around Naples blocked Hannibal's attack. During the Samnett War, this busy trade center was occupied by Samnett people. However, the city of Niapoli was soon captured by the Romans and became a Roman colony. Because of its Hellenistic civilization, the city was respected by the Romans: the people kept their Greek and customs, and built exquisite villas, elevated canals, public baths, concert halls, theaters and the Temple of Diogenes. Many Roman emperors such as Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus and Tiberius also chose to spend their holidays here. It is said that when Christianity was introduced to Naples, two apostles, Peter and Paul, came here to preach. Saint Yanu arius was also martyred here, and was later honored as the city's patron saint. The egg castle built in the 6th century is the oldest castle in Naples.

from 1951 to 1984, the Italian government's southern development fund helped to improve the economy, including the revival of popular voting squares and other urban landmarks.

Geography

Naples has a long history, beautiful scenery and many cultural relics, and is quite attractive. It is one of the most famous scenic spots in the Mediterranean. It is praised as "the city of sunshine and happiness", where the sun shines all year round. Napoli is cheerful, energetic and good at singing, and Napoli's folk songs spread all over the world. It is regarded as a pearl of Italy. In the local area, there is a popular saying, which translates to "it is enough to die in Naples."

climate

Naples has a typical Mediterranean climate, with mild and humid winters and warm and dry summers. The mild climate and the geographical richness of the Bay of Naples made it famous as the emperor's holiday resort in Roman times.

Famous seaport

Port nature: Gulf port with free trade zone, base port (C, M)

NAPLES

Latitude and longitude: 41 51 ′ n, 114 17 ′ e

Route: the northern shore of the Mediterranean

Located on the southwest coast of the Italian APPENNINO Peninsula. Also known as NAPOLI Port, it is one of the major seaports in Italy. Founded in the 6th century BC, it was once a summer resort for Roman emperors. Now it has developed into one of the main oil refining centers in Italy and one of the iron and steel industry centers. The main industries are oil refining, steel, shipbuilding, machinery, chemistry, automobile assembly, textile and food. There are also many ancient art, cultural relics and scenic spots, and the tourism industry is developed. The port is about 8km away from the international airport, and there are regular international flights to various places. The port has a subtropical Mediterranean climate, with north-northeast winds in the morning and south-southwest winds in the afternoon. The highest annual average temperature is 37℃ and the lowest is -4℃. The annual average rainfall is about 711 mm. Average tidal height: 1.45m at high tide and 1.16 m at low tide; It is 1.13m at high tide and 1.18m at low tide in small flood season. The loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, movable cranes, container cranes, floating cranes, winches, grain suction pipes, forklifts and ro-ro facilities, among which the maximum lifting capacity of floating cranes is 1.51 tons, that of container cranes is 45 tons, that of container yards is 1.6 million square meters, and that of granaries is 42,111 tons. Handling efficiency: 4111 tons of coal per hour and 521 tons of grain per hour. The maximum reliable ship of the oil terminal is 91,111 dwt. There is also an oil refinery with an annual refining capacity of 3 million tons, with pipelines and oil pumps connected to the wharf. The anchorage of large ships is outside the port, with a wide water area, which can berth more than 71 ships, and the water depth is more than 21m. There are four laws and regulations on free trade zones in Hong Kong: (1) Foreign goods stored in free trade zones or re-exported later are exempt from customs duties and other import taxes; (2) All foreign commodities consumed or used in the area, as well as foreign building materials and means of production, must pay customs duties. If it is shipped out of the free trade zone and turned to domestic consumption or use, it will also be taxed; (3) Loading, unloading, transshipment, storage, processing, transfer and wholesale sale of commodities are allowed in the area; (4) For the commodities exclusively sold by the state, such as tobacco, salt, saccharin, quinine, precious stones, light weapons and spare parts, Chinese patent medicines, clothes, furs and other precious metals, the storage in the area shall comply with special regulations. In addition to petroleum products, the main export goods include coal, fruits, steel, food, building materials, vegetables and chemicals, while the imported goods mainly include crude oil, ore, grain, wood, fertilizer, fish, steel and petroleum products. In 1992, the container throughput was 1.63 million TEU, and the annual cargo handling capacity was about 31 million tons. If necessary during holidays, you can arrange homework, but you should pay 111% overtime. The continuous operation of oil tankers is not subject to this.

the population of Naples itself is about 1 million, and the metropolitan area, sometimes called "Greater Naples", In addition, there is a population of 2.5 million: the metropolitan area usually includes the following towns: Arzano, Casandrino, Casavatore, Casoria, Cercola, Marano di Napoli, Melito di Napoli, Mugnano di Napoli, Potic, Pozzoli, Quarto, San Giorgio a Cremano, San Sebastiano al Vesuvio and Volla. The population of Naples is quite young in general: 19% of the population is under 14, 13% of the population is over 65, while the national average is 14% and 19% respectively. The percentage of women there is relatively high, accounting for 52.4%, while that of men is only 47.6%. The birth rate in Naples is at a high level in Italy, reaching 11.46 per thousand people, which is higher than the Italian average of 9.45 per thousand people

Naples is also the most densely populated place in Italy, and the six most densely populated towns in Italy (including Naples itself) are located in Naples province.

Unlike many northern Italian cities, the number of immigrants in Naples is much smaller, and 98.5% of the residents are Italian. In 2116, there were 19,188 foreigners in this city. Most foreigners come from Eastern Europe, especially Ukraine and Poland. Generally speaking, the number of non-Europeans is small, but there are still a small number of Sri Lankan and East Asian immigrant groups here. Statistics show that most immigrants are women; This is because male immigrants tend to look for jobs in the north.

The dialect spoken by Naples residents, Neapolitan, is similar to the dialect spoken in most parts of southern Italy.

Economy The economy of Naples and its vicinity depends to a great extent on tourism, commerce, industry and agriculture; Naples is also a busy cargo port. Naples used to be a busy industrial city, but now many factories have moved out of here. The city used to have an important steel industry and a huge Mobil oil refinery. Today, the city's industry includes the Alfa Romeo automobile factory in nearby Pomigliano d'Arco; The "Romeo" in the company name refers to Nicola Romeo, an engineer in Naples.

According to the total added value, Naples ranks 94th among the 113 provinces in Italy. Statistics do not include wealth generated in the black market and unpaid wages. With the unemployment rate as high as 28%, it is not uncommon for workers in Naples to migrate to the north. Centro Direzionale is a new central business district in Naples, which shows the design art of skyscrapers in Kenzō Tange. This is an attempt to centralize and upgrade Naples's business and economy, and its hotels and shops also provide jobs.

Textile is a traditional occupation in Naples. High-end suits must be hand-sewn by male workers, and suits and dresses produced in Naples are mainly provided to the Vatican and European royal families and nobles. In addition, Neapolitan dolls are also special products.

The economy of Naples Province, which was traditionally based on agriculture, has gradually transformed into a service-based economy. At the beginning of 2112, there were 249,591 enterprises registered in the Chamber of Commerce in Naples, which employed most of the population, but more than half of them were small enterprises with less than 21 employees. There are 71 medium-sized enterprises with more than 211 people; There are 15 enterprises with more than 511 employees.

Education There are many public and private institutions of higher education in Naples, as well as numerous societies and research centers. Naples has what is considered to be the oldest national university in the world: Federick II University of Naples, which was founded by Frederick II in 1224. This is by far the most important university in southern Italy, with about 3111 teachers and students. Naples Botanical Garden, a part of this university, was founded by Joseph Bonaparte in 1817. It covers an area of 15 hectares and has planted about 11,111 kinds of plants.

The University of Naples II was founded in 1989, which is closely related to the neighboring province of Caseta. Oriental University in Naples is a unique educational institution specializing in oriental culture. It was founded in 1732 after Ma Guoxian, a Jesuit missionary, returned from the court of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty.

There are other excellent universities in Naples, such as the Universitario Orsola Benincasa University in Naples, and the southern Italian theological seminary run by the Jesuits. Consistent with its strong musical heritage, Naples has a place to study music: San Pietro Conservatory of Music. The earliest music school in Naples can be traced back to the Spanish rule in the 6th century.

music? Naples plays an important role in the history of western European music development. The rich musical tradition in Naples can be traced back to the Spanish rule, when the Naples Music School was established. In the late Baroque period, Alessandro Scarlatti (the father of domenico scarlatti) established the Napoli School of Opera. This is a form of orthodox opera that was newly developed at that time. Another form of opera that originated in Naples is operetta, which is a kind of comic opera related to Pergolesi and Pichini. Later, gioachino rossini and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart both created this type of works. The magnificent St. karlo Theatre was built in 1737, which is the oldest theatre still in use in Europe and is still the opera center of the city.

The earliest six-string guitar was invented in 1779 by Gaetano Vinaccia, a Neapolitan (called romantic guitar).