Shandong cuisine, also called Shandong cuisine. It has a long history and wide influence. As an important part of China's food culture, it has become the first of the four major cuisines in China, but it is the most unknown one. It is famous at home and abroad for its fresh, salty, crisp and tender taste, unique flavor and fine preparation. Shandong cuisine originated in Qi and Lu (now Shandong Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties. After the Song Dynasty, Shandong cuisine became one of the representatives of "Northern Cuisine". From Qilu to Gyeonggi, from the inside of Shanhaiguan Pass to the outside of Shanhaiguan Pass, the influence has reached the Yellow River Basin and Northeast China, and it has a broad catering mass base. Shandong cuisine is one of the most extensive local cuisines in China, covering Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu and three northeastern provinces.
There are great regional differences in Shandong Province, thus forming three systems: coastal Jiaodong cuisine (mainly seafood), inland jinan cuisine and Confucian cuisine with its own system.
Shandong cuisine pays attention to pure seasoning, tastes fresher than fresh, and has the characteristics of fresh, tender, fragrant and crisp. Pay great attention to the preparation of clear soup and milk soup. Clear soup is fresh, and milk soup is white.
There are more than 30 cooking techniques commonly used in Shandong cuisine, especially frying and barbecue techniques. The blasting method pays attention to quick fire and quick explosion; The barbecue technology is original in Shandong cuisine. The raw materials are pickled and sticky, fried on both sides, and simmered to make juice. The baked finished product is neat in shape, thick in taste and rotten in juice.
Shandong's special snacks mainly include: braised rabbit head in Mengyin, fried buffalo in Yishui, donkey meat in Guangrao kiln, fried soybean sprouts in Yishui, fried cicada slough turtle in Linyi, whole lamb in Yishui cauldron, pancake in Yishui, fried white scaly fish in Yishui, fried pancake in clear oil, oil swirl, eight batches of fruit, fried cake with rose sugar, five-kernel wonton, spring cake, shredded chicken wonton and so on. Jingzhi Golden Noodles, Shanxian and Zaozhuang Mutton Soup, Egg Crispy Fried Noodles, Fish jiaozi, Bean Juice Porridge, Chicken Sliced Yifu Noodles, Chicken Soup Lehe, Linyi Sane, Zaozhuang Sane, Chaotian Pot, Lotus Leaf Porridge, Zaozhuang Cuisine, Babao Tea Soup, Guada, Stone Spinning Cake, Hexagon Spinning Cake, Sugar Crisp. Dezhou braised chicken, Yucheng braised chicken, Baodian donkey meat, Leling golden jujube, Laiwu Fang fiery tofu, Laiwu sausage, Boshan crispy pot, etc.
[Edit this paragraph] Opera culture
Shandong is one of the earliest areas of drama activities in China. The gestation of its dramatic art can be traced back to Qilu State more than two thousand years ago.
During the Sui Dynasty, the State of Qi advocated the movement of fame and fortune throughout the country, and during the Tang Dynasty, the drama of joining the army was popular in Shandong. It can be said that it is an indispensable and important process for the development of Shandong opera to carry out long-term activities like singing and dancing and to train outstanding performers. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Zaju appeared, which is a form of traditional Chinese opera sung with northern music. Shandong is one of the main hot areas. A total of 28 Shandong opera writers were recorded in Zhong Sicheng's Ghost Book in Yuan Dynasty and Jia's Ghost Book Sequel in Early Ming Dynasty, among which 4 were good at singing. The most prosperous place of traditional drama in China is Dongping. There are 65,438 Yuan Song writers in Shandong, such as Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most prominent one is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Whirlwind Double Sacrifice" has won people's love.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Lu Opera entered a period of vigorous development. Li Kaixian's "Bright Sword" and Kong's "Peach Blossom Fan" have outstanding achievements and the greatest influence. In terms of performances, there are more professional troupes and frequent activities.
By the middle of Qing Dynasty, dozens of different operas were active in Shandong at the same time. It can be roughly divided into bangzi drama, chord drama, elbow drum drama and so on.
At present, there are more than 30 kinds of traditional operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi Opera, Sixian Opera, Elbow Drum Opera and traditional operas formed by folk songs and dances and rap.
Henan Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Jujube Bangzi, Liangjia County Bangzi, Donglu Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi are popular in Shandong. Popular areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai 'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu and Binzhou. Zhang Lan, Zhu and Li Xinhua, the actors of Henan Opera who won the Plum Blossom Award, are still active on the stage all over Shandong.
Harmony is a kind of folk ballad, which has developed into a traditional opera tune after the cantata stage. Due to the differences in spreading areas and accompanying instruments, and influenced by other arts, Sixian has formed different styles of traditional operas, among which Liu Zi Opera, Heizi Opera and Luozi Opera are very popular in Shandong. Liu Zi Opera, known as "Liu Dong", is one of the most popular and influential operas in Xianqiang. Representative works include Li Yaxian's Four Husbands, The Story of the Four Husbands of Diexin, Yingying's Four Husbands and Li Sanniang's Four Husbands.
Elbow drum cavity is a traditional opera cavity based on the popular ancient painting Yangko, with sissy as the main tone. Including Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Liu Qiang Opera, Deng Qiang Opera and Donglu Elbow Drum.
The operas developed from rap are: Lu opera, pendant opera, Yugu opera, Eight Immortals opera, Languan opera and so on.
[Edit this paragraph] Festival exhibition
Organize cultural and economic festivals and exhibitions in Shandong according to the information of Shandong Tourism Information Network and other websites.
Name and date of the festival exhibition.
Yuhuangding Temple Fair in Yantai February 16-22
Qingdao Haiyun Temple Sugar Ball Festival lasts from February 28th to March 3rd.
China Linyi Shusheng Culture Festival September
April Jining Liangshan International Water Margin Culture Festival
Tai 'an Dongyuehui Temple Fair April 1-3
Peach Blossom Festival in Feicheng, Tai 'an from April 5th to15th.
Zibo International Ceramic and Glass Art Festival, April 6th to June 22nd.
Spring Festival outing at Kunyu Mountain in Yantai 16 to 28.
Yantai Longkou International Xufu Cultural Festival April 18-20
Yantai Laiyang Pear Flower Festival April 20th
Zhuge Liang Cultural Festival in Linyi, China in May
April 20th Qingdao International Marathon
Qingdao Cherry Blossom Festival in the Middle and Late April
Weifang International Kite Festival April 20-25
Zibo Green Lansha International Beer Festival June 6-27.
Linyi China Mall Convention and Exhibition Center September
Weifang Shouguang International Vegetable Science and Technology Expo will be held from April 20th to May 20th.
Heze International Peony Flower Fair April 22-28
Rizhao "Wulianchun" Rhododendron Festival lasts from April 24th to May 6th.
Yantai Moushi Manor Folk Tour from April 28th to May 8th.
Liaocheng Jiangbei Shuicheng Cultural Tourism Festival was held from April 30th to May 8th.
Zibo International Liaozhai Cultural Tourism Festival was held from April 30th to May 8th.
Binzhou Boxing International Opera Art Festival lasts from May to May 1 0/0.
Yantai Fun Food Festival May 4-8
Yantai Long Island "Fisherman Music" Folk Culture Tourism Festival May 5-7
Yantai Laizhou Chinese Rose Festival May 25th
Dongying Kenli Yellow River Estuary Cultural Tourism Festival September 2
China Guangrao Sunzi International Cultural Festival in September.
(Dongying) September Yellow River International Forum
Jinan International Art Song Festival is held once a month from May to 65438+ 10.
Shandong Merchants Conference June 6-8
Hu Ming Lotus Festival in Jinan runs from June 30th to August 20th.
Qingdao Ocean Festival July 12-20
Laiwu Anti-flu Eco-tourism Festival from July to August.
Qingdao Golden Beach Cultural Tourism Festival runs from August 3rd to 1 1.
Qingdao International Beer Festival runs from August 6th to September 6th.
Yantai Penglai "Ode to Peace" International Youth Culture and Art Festival August 20-25
Qingdao Dazeshan Grape Festival September 1-3
Taishan International Mountaineering Festival from September 6th to 10.
Qingdao Fashion Week runs from September 6th to 10.
Yantai Changyu International Wine Festival runs from September 7th to 10.
Laiwu Iron and Steel Expo September, 65438+ 10
Tengzhou Wetland Red Lotus Festival
Wenshang Prince Zong Ling Cultural Festival