Pre-Qin Dynasty: Anonymous

The fish swam in the bamboo basket. Ah, the rich yellow cheeks also had little sand blowing. Enthusiastic hosts have plenty of wine, which is not only delicious but also big!

The fish went into the bamboo basket, and the beautiful mandarin fish had one head. The hospitable host has wine, which is not only rich in feast but also mellow in wine!

The fish called for friends in front of the bamboo cage, and the catfish swam quickly to the carp. The hospitable host has wine, which is not only delicious but also full of food!

The food is great and the quality is good. Food is a good taste, and all kinds of food are available. The food should be as good as possible and the supply should be timely.

Translated by Xiao Ya Luming Literature Shi Zhi Li Yu

The fish got into the bamboo basket and swam together, with chubby yellow cheeks and small grains of sand. The enthusiastic host has a lot of wine, which is not only mellow and delicious, but also has a big table!

The fish got into the bamboo basket and swam together. Every fat snakehead had one. Enthusiastic hosts entertain guests with wine, which is not only rich in banquet, but also mellow in wine!

Fish call friends, dive into bamboo cages, catfish swim fast, and carp dance happily. The hospitable host has good wine, which is not only mellow but also delicious!

It's great that the food is rich and of good quality. The food is sweet and delicious, and there are all kinds. Food is available and the supply is timely.

Notes on Xiao Ya Luming Literature Shi Zhi Li Yu

Li (lí): To suffer together is to meet. "Biography of Poetry": "Those who are polite are also polite." Use extended meanings.

Lǐu: A fishing tool, also known as a raft, is made of bamboo and has a rope at the bottom, so that fish can enter but not go out.

Yellow cheeked fish. Shark: A small fish that can blow sand. It is as small as crucian carp.

Objective: Delicious.

Bream (fáng): bream with small and delicious scales. Snakehead (ǐ): commonly known as snakehead.

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Xié: Done.

Yes: Jude.

Time: timely.

Appreciate Xiao Ya Luming Literature Shi Zhi Li Yu

This poem praises the sweetness of wine and food during the festival, so as to see the harvest of crops, the hospitality of the host and the common joy between the host and the guest. The "gentleman" in the poem is a good name for the host.

The whole poem consists of six chapters, which shows a happy atmosphere. While praising the delicious food and wine, the last three chapters further praise the richness of this year, so guests and hosts can enjoy themselves during the banquet. The first three chapters and four sentences of the poem are all inspired by "beautiful fish", and they praise the host's rich banquet and thoughtful courtesy, which can be said to be the main part of the whole poem. The poet wrote about fish and wine, but he didn't write all the scenes of the banquet. The diversity of fish implies the richness of other dishes; With the richness and purpose of wine, it shows that the host and guests enjoy the grand occasion at the banquet. There are many kinds of fish to write about, so I won't bother to write in detail. It is more general to write about drinking. This writing is carefully chosen. In the Zhou Dynasty, China had entered the agricultural society, and agriculture had a considerable development. Not only crops are widely planted, but also many fish have become common delicacies. The methods of fishing and fish farming have also made progress. In the Book of Songs, there are many chapters about fish. Gao Feng, Feng Gu Sleeping Toad, Jiuqi, even Qian, Nan You and Yu Zao all recorded fish, especially Martin. If you marry a wife, you will be ginger. "He also said," If he eats fish, he will be a carp in the river, and if he marries, he will be the son of Song. Mei Jia compared bream and carp with Qi Jiang and Song Zi, which shows that people like to eat these two kinds of fish. In the poem Zhou Songqian, it is written that there are many fish in the pond, and the purpose of raising fish is to "watch and admire and introduce the scenery", which shows that raising fish is valued. Delicious fish is a delicious food that adults like to praise at the banquet. In the first three chapters of this poem, each chapter juxtaposes two fish names: "There is a giant salamander and a shark", "There is a giant salamander" and "There is an ordinary carp". The poet took pains to list them, not only with exaggerated tone, but also with rich fish to illustrate the grandeur of the banquet, and showed that other dishes would be correspondingly rich. The poet's technique of drawing inferences from one instance and controlling complexity by simplicity was widely imitated by later generations.

Speaking of wine, "wine" is a symbol of harvest, and it is a habit of our ancestors to make wine at harvest time. In ancient times, the raw material of wine-making was pure grain crops. After high yield of edible grains, people use surplus grains to brew alcohol. There are many famous articles about wine in The Book of Songs. In July, it said, "You peel dates in August and get rice in October. For this reason, spring wine is used to celebrate your longevity. " The poem "Harvest Year in Zhou Song" is more specific. The poem says: "Harvest Valley, Harvest Grain, Harvest Grain, Good Wine." ..... with courtesy, it will bring good luck to everyone. The "rice" mentioned in the poem is now called rice (especially glutinous rice). Only when rice and millet are harvested, and the warehouse is full of surplus grain, "for wine" is conditional. The use of wine, in addition to offering sacrifices to announce a bumper harvest, summarizes its great role with the phrase "treat each other with courtesy". Therefore, at the banquet, we should drink as much as we like, entertain guests, and drink more to show the joy of the harvest year. Zhu's Biography of Poetry is called "Yi Li Drinking in the Countryside" and "Xi", which is a universal enjoyment of Yan and its meaning is very clear. Other poems about Xiaoya's drinking also prove this point, such as "Xiaoya Luming Literature" (this poem was originally written for the guests of Minister Yan Yan, and later became a common happiness), and the cloud says: "I have a purpose of drinking, and I am a guest of Yan Le." "I have wine, and the swallow flies." "Thousand Secrets" says: "Let's have a drink tonight, and the gentleman will have a good time." The saying that "wine is a gift" and "wine is a pleasure" has a long history. "Xiao Ya Nan You Jia Yu" is also called "A gentleman has wine, but a guest is a guest." The first three chapters of this poem repeatedly praise "a gentleman has wine and many purposes", "a gentleman has wine and many purposes" and "a gentleman has wine and many purposes", which shows that both parties are very happy at the banquet.

In the last three chapters of the poem, the poet followed the three important words "duo, purport and swim" in the first three chapters, and then praised that after the harvest, there were not only many beautiful wines and dishes in Yan's restaurants, but also the more common theme "beautiful" (preface). As far as the poem itself is concerned, these three chapters can be called chorus. With these three chapters, the poems praising the harvest year are more meaningful. The poet said: "There are many things that are beautiful", "There are many things that are harmonious" and "There are many things that are timely". Praise the beauty of things from the quantity; From the purpose of the object, praise the integrity of the object; Praise their wealth to produce goods in time. It shows that a good harvest is not only a gift from nature, but also the result of hard work of human beings. Yan Yan's happiness is the enjoyment of life, which can only be realized after a good year. The poem is concise and meaningful, which fully shows the reality that birds of a feather flock together and people are divided into groups at that time.

As a music song, Xiao Ya Li Yu's singing method is unknown now, and there is no way to research it, but it can still get some enlightenment in language use. The first three chapters are the same, using four, two, four and three staggered sentences. In singing, there are both the beauty of repeated hymns and uneven music rhythm, which is convenient for chorus. Although there is little difference in intention, poems named "There are many purposes", "There are many purposes" and "There are many purposes" can produce the aesthetic feeling of singing and sighing, and make the house full of joy. The last three chapters focus on highlighting the theme and rendering the atmosphere, so each chapter has only two sentences. In the poem itself, its heavy syllables fall on the words "Jia, Xie and Shi", and the word "one" is used at the end of the sentence, so that music can prolong the time of reciting and slow down the rhythm. The first three chapters and the last three chapters reflect each other, and their overall conception shows the mystery of the poet's technique.

The Creative Background of Xiao Ya Luming Literature Shi Zhi Li Yu

"Xiaoya Yuli" is a piece of music sung by the nobles of the Zhou Dynasty after offering sacrifices to the gods of the ancestral temple. "Preface to Mao Poetry" said: "Fish is beautiful, and all beautiful things are full of gifts. Literature and martial arts are managed by "Tianbao" above and "Cai Wei" below, starting with worry and diligence and finally enjoying happiness, so there are many beautiful things to tell God. "