Kingdom of Bhutan (English: Kingdom of Bhutan; Tibetan Pinyin: Zhugyü), referred to as "Bhutan", is located on the southern slope of the eastern Himalayas between China and India (belonging to the southern base of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau). It covers an area of 38,111 square kilometers and has a population of 749,111 (February 2121). Bhutan's national flag is a dragon flag with a rectangular shape, and the ratio of length to width is 3/2. It consists of two right-angled triangles, golden yellow and orange red, with a white dragon in the middle and a white and bright orb in each of the four claws. Golden color symbolizes the power and role of the king; Orange is the color of monks' robes, which symbolizes the spiritual strength of Buddhism. Dragon symbolizes national power and refers to the name of this country, because Bhutan can be translated as "the country of the dragon". White beads are held on the dragon's claws, symbolizing power and holiness.

it has been a territory of the Tubo dynasty since the 7th century, and became an independent tribe in the 9th century. After the 2nd century, the Zhuba Kagyu Sect of Tibetan Buddhism gradually became a sect in charge of secular power. [2] It was invaded by Britain since the late 8th century. The Kingdom of Bhutan was established in 1917. In October, 1911, it signed the Punaka Treaty with Britain. [2] In August, 1949, the Treaty of Permanent Peace and Friendship was signed with India. Since 1961, the King of Bhutan has repeatedly stated publicly that he wants to maintain the sovereignty and independence of the country. Joined the United Nations in 1971, became a member of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1973 and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation in 1985. In February 2117, it signed the revised Non-India Friendship Treaty with India. It is stipulated that Bhutan's foreign relations should accept India's "guidance".

Bhutanese account for about 51% of the total population, while Nepalese account for about 35%[2]. Bhutanese "Zongka" is the official language [2]. Bhutan is the last country in the world to open TV and Internet.

Chinese name: Kingdom of Bhutan

mbth: Kingdom of Bhutan

abbreviation: Bhutan

continent: Asia

capital: Thimphu

National Day: 1917.12.17

National anthem: Dragon Kingdom

Country code: BTN < System

National leaders: jigme khesar namgyal wangchuck (king) and Lota Tshering (prime minister)

Population: 749,111 (in 2121)

Population density: 21.2 people per square kilometer (in 2121)

Main ethnic groups: Bhutanese, Nepalese

Major religions: Hindu

land area: about 38,111km2

Total GDP: about $2.546 billion (in 2119)

Per capita GDP: about $3,432 (in 2119).

Road traffic: drive on the left

National flower: Meconopsis breviflora

National symbol: Dragon

Largest city: Thimphu

Relations with China: no diplomatic relations

Major universities: Royal University of Bhutan

Regional location

Bhutan is located in the south of Asia, a landlocked country on the southern slope of the eastern Himalayas, in the northwest.

Topography

Bhutan's topography is very different, with high in the north and low in the south, and gradually declining from north to south. It is divided into high mountains in the north, valley areas in the middle and hilly plains in the south. Except for Duval Plain in the south, mountains account for more than 95% of the total area. In addition, the altitude of Bhutan varies greatly. One is the manas River, which is the lowest in the country and located in the southeast, with an altitude of only 97 meters. The other is the northern Himalayas, where the peaks are all above 6111 to 7111 meters above sea level. Mount Kulakangri is 7554 meters above sea level, the highest point in Bhutan. Bhutan glaciers are mainly located in the high mountains of northern Bhutan, accounting for 11% of the total area of Bhutan. These glaciers are the source of important renewable water resources of rivers in Bhutan, which can bring a lot of fresh water resources to the people of Bhutan every year.

Bhutan is a mountainous country, and besides the main Himalayan vein, there are many branches in its territory. Most of these branches are north-south, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south. Most of the northern ends of the mountains are more than 5111~7111 meters above sea level, and are above the snow line all the year round.

Climate characteristics

Bhutan is high in the north and low in the south; The southern mountainous area has a subtropical climate, which is humid and rainy, with an annual precipitation of 5,111,6111 mm; The central valley area has a mild climate with an annual precipitation of 761 2111 mm; 181 7551 meters above sea level.

catering

traditional Bhutanese food is hot and spicy. However, for tourists from China, they will provide China and Indian food to China people. Those who love adventure and seek excitement can try local delicacies, such as those delicious and hot ethnic dishes in Bhutan. Among them, Emma Datshi is made of Chili peppers and local cheese. But in hotels, restaurants usually provide food with buffet style.

The living habits of Bhutanese are similar to those of China, and they also eat jiaozi. However, Bhutanese cuisine is even more spicy than China's Sichuan cuisine. Bhutanese use peppers as vegetables, not spices. Every roof is covered with red peppers. In daily life, Bhutanese not only add a lot of dried peppers to any dish, but also like to eat raw peppers without chopping them in cold salad directly.

Belief: Colorful prayer flags

No matter on the hillside or in front of the roof, colorful flags fluttering in the wind can be seen everywhere in Bhutan. The scene is spectacular, and it is somewhat mysterious and strange in its simplicity. Locals say that people believe in Tibetan Buddhism, and these five-colored flags are actually prayer flags printed with scriptures. In the past, this prayer flag, which is three feet long and 1 feet wide, was printed with six-character proverbs of "om, ma, ni, ba, mi, moo" and dragon, tiger and other patterns. The edge of the flag was blue, white, red, green and yellow, symbolizing blue sky, white clouds, flames, green water and land, representing the "universe"

Dress

Walking on the streets of Thimphu, the capital of Bhutan, you can see Bhutanese women wearing ankle-length "Kira" skirts; Men are all in take off your coat with fat sleeves, wearing traditional robes called "Guo" on their upper bodies, holding white and tidy cuffs, and wearing knee-length skirts and stockings. According to the local people, a big sleeve can be used as a pocket. If you put something in the sleeve and hold the cuff with your hand, the contents will not fall out. Men's clothes have neither buttons nor pockets, and they only rely on a wide belt to tighten their clothes, thus forming an "open mind" for Bhutanese men, and things that can't fit in their sleeves can be put in their arms. Adults pile up the "bits and pieces" they carry in their arms. Students don't have to carry schoolbags at school, all stationery and books are in their arms, and their clothes are bulging.

Tourism

Many temples and castles in Bhutan are built on the top of the mountain around Thimphu Valley. In the west, the Pazhuoting Temple, which was built in 1748, overlooks the whole city at an altitude of 11111 feet. In the next few years, it was built continuously, and the surrounding mountains can be clearly seen from Pazhuo Ting.

Not far from Thimphu, Deqin Qulinzong is the palace. All members of the royal family live there except the king. It is located among spacious lawns, ponds and willows. This beautiful three-story building is built in traditional form from architectural style to its furnishings. On the other side of the palace is Tanggu Chari, the oldest Lacan (Temple) in Bhutan, where monks come to practice his meditation and the method of soaring. In the Thimphu Valley, other interesting places are pagodas, handicraft shops and rose gardens built in memory of King Jigme wangchuck.

Sintoka Castle is located at the entrance of Thimphu Valley, 5 miles from Bhutan's capital. It was built by Awang Nanjie in 1627. This beautiful building is the oldest temple with a retaining wall in Bhutan. It was once the country's first center for social and religious education. It has become a college for monks to study Buddhist culture.

The Kamshaye Rinaye Monument is the only stupa in Bhutan dedicated to all kinds of dharma protectors. It is a holy place for this Himalayan country to take refuge from disasters and pray for peace and tranquility in Bhutan. Siddhattha gotama at the top of the tower is said to have spoken. The world can only find such a memorial tower dedicated to the gods and buddhas, as a pagoda that protects the country, and its floors are dedicated to different deities that protect the gods.

Tiger Cave Temple is the most sacred Buddhist temple in Bhutan and is known as one of the top ten super temples in the world. Located on a cliff wall 3111 feet high in Paro Valley. Legend has it that Master Lotus Peanut flew over here on a tiger and meditated in a cave. After Master Lotus Peanut left, he formed the Tiger Cave Temple, making this place a place of Buddhist enlightenment. Tiger Cave Temple was built in 1692. After a fire, the temple was seriously damaged and rebuilt in 1998. It is said that since 2111, ordinary tourists have been forbidden to enter the Tiger Cave Temple, and even the entry of Buddhists has been strictly restricted. According to ancient scriptures, Master Lotus Peanut practiced here for three months in the 8th century A.D., and conquered the mountain gods and ghosts who occupied the mountains in Bhutan at that time.

Gourmet

Chili with cheese

Bhutan loves Chili especially, and local people regard Chili as a vegetable, which is not just a seasoning. In addition to cold dried peppers, there is also a kind of cheese boiled peppers, which is a representative national dish of Bhutan. The taste is spicy and fragrant. Pepper will stimulate your taste buds while tasting the mellow milk. White cheese and bright red pepper have a unique taste experience under the impact of their colors, which is a dish that has to be tasted.

Buttered tea

The eating habits of Bhutanese are similar to those of Tibetans in China. They all like to drink buttered tea and highland barley wine. Buttered tea is a kind of drink with a very special taste, which is sweet and salty, and its texture is similar to sesame paste. The rich drinking taste is one of the reasons why people love it.

Red rice

Rice is the staple food of Bhutanese, and the general choices are white rice and Redmi, while light brown Redmi is actually a kind of brown rice, which is especially suitable for growing in poor plateau soil. The rice grains are bright and reddish, and it is delicious when mixed with curry. Although it is not as fragrant as white rice, it is rich in nutrients. The arable land in Bhutan is very limited, and the most fertile land is often the valley. You can often see layers of green terraces, and a small acre of land spreads to the horizon.

Buckwheat Cake and Rammed Corn

Bumdang is located in the eastern part with high terrain, which is not suitable for growing rice, so Buckwheat has become the staple food of local people. Buckwheat pancakes are somewhat similar to rice cakes in China, and they are sticky and delicious. Bhutanese hosts often prepare amazingly sweet hot milk tea, or Tibetan butter tea with salt and butter, with simple snacks, such as crushed corn, cornflakes similar to western breakfast. But in the hotel, these simple staple foods, together with cheese and stuffing, are gorgeous, from sparrows to phoenixes.

Stone cheese skewers

Visiting the vegetable market in Bhutan is definitely one of the highlights. There is a food market in Thimphu every weekend. Bhutanese from the mountains sell agricultural products, and buyers and sellers wear the most beautiful traditional clothes to attend. This is also a good social place. Bhutan cuisine is very monotonous, and there are not many choices of ingredients. The most common ones are piles of peppers, potatoes and some wild vegetables sold by the kilogram. Bhutan's snacks are also very special. In the market, you can often see dry cheese that is as hard as a stone and strung together by ropes. It is a Bhutanese snack.