Main Uses About half of the world's total consumption of zinc is used for galvanizing, about 10% for brass and bronze, less than 10% for zinc-based alloys, about 7.5% for chemicals, and about 13% for the manufacture of dry cell batteries in the form of zinc cakes and plates. The International Lead and Zinc Study Group forecasts that global zinc consumption will grow by 4.8% in 2004 from 9.85 million tonnes in 2003, and by a further 4.3% in 2005, with China forecast to account for a quarter of the world's total zinc consumption in 2005, with part of the growth in its consumption due to growth in galvanized steel use. In contrast, the United States may account for only one-tenth of global zinc demand. (1) Galvanized Zinc has excellent resistance to atmospheric corrosion and tends to form a protective film on its surface at room temperature, so the largest use of zinc is in the galvanizing industry. Being mainly used for steel and steel structural parts of the surface coating (such as galvanized sheet), widely used in automotive, construction, shipping, light industry, etc. After the 21st century, Western countries began to try to directly use zinc alloy sheet for roof covering materials, its service life can be up to 120-140 years, and can be recycled, while the service life of using galvanized iron sheet for roofing materials is generally 5-10 years. after the 21st century, steel strip There has been a significant increase in hot dip galvanizing. Electro-galvanizing is also used, but the method is generally used for thinner coatings and varying surface finishes. The use of paints containing zinc powder is another method of coating; for objects in continuous contact with water, such as large steel components used in ships, bridges, and offshore oil and gas derricks, they are protected simply by being connected to a large zinc block, although the zinc block is regularly replaced. (2) Zinc alloys are used in the automobile manufacturing and machinery industries. Zinc has suitable mechanical properties. Zinc itself is not high strength and hardness, but the addition of aluminum, copper and other alloying elements, its strength and hardness are greatly improved, as if it is the emergence of zinc-copper-titanium alloys, its comprehensive mechanical properties have been close to or reached the level of aluminum alloys, brass, grey cast iron, and its creep resistance has also been greatly improved. Therefore, zinc-copper-titanium alloy has been widely used in the production of small hardware. Mainly die castings, used in automobiles, construction, some electrical equipment, household appliances, toys and other parts production. Many zinc alloys have excellent processing performance, channel processing rate of up to 60% -80%. Superior medium-pressure performance, can be deep-drawn, and self-lubricating, extending the life of the mold, can be brazed or resistance welding or arc welding (need to be in helium) for welding, the surface can be plated, paint treatment, cutting and processing performance is good. It has superior superplastic properties under certain conditions. Zinc and copper, tin, lead brass, used in machinery manufacturing. Containing a small amount of lead and cadmium and other elements of the zinc plate can be made of zinc-manganese dry cell negative electrode, printing zinc plate, powder corrosion photographic plate and offset printing plate and so on. (3) Zinc can be used to make batteries. For example: zinc-manganese batteries and zinc air batteries. Zinc-manganese battery: zinc as the negative active material, both as a battery container and negative lead body, is the main material to determine the battery storage performance. In the zinc sheet contains a small amount of cadmium and lead. Cadmium can enhance the strength of zinc, lead can improve the ductile processing performance of zinc. Cadmium and lead can improve the over-potential of hydrogen on the zinc electrode, reduce the self-discharge of the zinc electrode, slow down the corrosion of zinc and hydrogen release. If the zinc contains Cu, Fe, Ni, etc., will reduce the overpotential of H2 precipitated on the zinc electrode, accelerate the battery in the storage process of self-discharge, so these harmful impurities must be strictly controlled. Zinc air battery: zinc air battery, also known as zinc-oxygen battery, is a kind of metal air battery. The theoretical value of zinc air battery specific energy is 1350W-h/kg, the latest battery specific energy has reached 230Wh/kg, almost 8 times of lead-acid battery. It can be seen that the development of zinc-air batteries has a very large space. Zinc-air batteries generally take the zinc electrode replacement method for "mechanical charging". Replacement of the electrode time in a few minutes can be completed. Replace the new zinc electrode, "charging" time is very short, very convenient. The development of this type of battery has eliminated the need for social security facilities such as charging stations. Zinc electrodes can be purchased in supermarkets, battery business points, auto parts stores, etc., which is very beneficial to the popularization of this battery electric vehicles. This battery has a small size, large charge capacity, small mass, can work properly in a wide range of temperatures, and non-corrosive, safe and reliable work. Just zinc electrode in the electrolytic reduction process, more energy-consuming, each ton of zinc oxide reduced to zinc need to consume 2500 degrees of electricity, so used in electric vehicles, the cost is higher. The charge capacity of the test battery is only 5 times that of the lead-acid battery, which is not very satisfactory. But 5 times the charge of lead-acid batteries has attracted the world's attention, the United States, Mexico, Singapore and some European countries have been in the postal car, public **** car, motorcycle trial, but also a very promising battery for electric vehicles. In addition, zinc has good anti-electromagnetic field performance. Zinc conductivity is 29% of the standard electrical copper, in the radio frequency interference occasions, zinc plate is a very effective shielding material, at the same time, because zinc is non-magnetic, suitable for instrumentation parts of the material and instrument shells and coins, at the same time, zinc itself and other metal collision will not occur sparks, suitable for the explosion-proof equipment for the underground. Widely used in rubber, paint, enamel, medicine, printing, fiber and other industries. Zinc has suitable chemical properties. Zinc can interact with NH4CI to release H+ positive ions. Zinc - manganese dioxide battery is the use of zinc of this feature, with zinc alloy as the shell of the battery, both the battery electrolyte containers, but also to participate in the battery reaction constitutes the anode of the battery. It is also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for this property. Zinc reacts with either acids or strong bases, releasing hydrogen gas. Zinc fertilizers (zinc sulfate, zinc chloride) have the effect of promoting plant cell respiration and carbohydrate metabolism. Zinc powder, zinc barium white, zinc chrome yellow can be used as pigments. Zinc oxide can also be used in medicine, rubber, paint and other industries. Environmental impacts Hazards to human health Inhalation and ingestion. Inhalation can cause thirst, tightness in the chest, dry cough, headache, dizziness, high fever, chills, etc. Dust is irritating to eyes. Oral ingestion irritates the gastrointestinal tract. Irritating to skin with prolonged and repeated exposure. Zinc in the human body Promote human growth and development in the growth and development period of children, adolescents, if the lack of, will lead to stunted growth. In severe cases, deficiency can lead to "dwarfism" and mental retardation. Zinc is the key to the growth of brain cells, a lack of zinc will affect the function of the brain, so that fewer brain cells. Maintaining a normal human appetite zinc deficiency can lead to a decreased sense of taste, anorexia, partiality and even heterophagy. Enhance human immunity Zinc is a nutrient for the development of the immune organ thymus, only sufficient amount of zinc can effectively ensure the development of the thymus, normal differentiation of T lymphocytes, and promote cellular immune function. Promote the healing of wounds and traumas Zinc supplements were first used clinically is used to treat skin diseases. Affects vitamin A metabolism and normal vision Zinc is clinically shown to be beneficial to the eyes because of its role in promoting vitamin A absorption. Vitamin A cannot be absorbed without zinc. Vitamin A is normally stored in the liver, when the body needs, the vitamin A will be transported to the blood, this process is dependent on zinc to complete the "mobilization" work. Maintaining normal spermatogenesis Zinc is present in large quantities in the male testes and is involved in the entire process of spermatogenesis, maturation and capacitation. Once a man is deficient in zinc, it will lead to a reduction in sperm count, decreased vitality, poor semen liquefaction, and ultimately lead to male infertility. Zinc deficiency can also lead to the absence of secondary sexual characteristics in adolescents, unable to normal reproductive development. Regulation of various enzymes and receptors affecting the physiological function of the brain Zinc plays a very important role in the physiological regulation of various mammalian brain, indispensable in the regulation of a variety of enzymes and receptor function, but also affect the structure and function of the nervous system, and obsessive-compulsive disorder and other mental disorders, the occurrence of the development of a certain link. In addition zinc is closely related to DNA and RNA, protein biosynthesis, and when zinc is deficient in the body, it may lead to a variety of adverse effects that may result in emotional instability, paranoia, depression, decreased emotional stability and cognitive impairment. [4]? Consequences of Zinc Deficiency: 1. Decreased digestive function is mainly characterized by loss of appetite. Zinc deficiency affects the function of the tongue mucosa, thereby reducing taste sensitivity, children will have anorexia and heterophagy, and in some cases, xenophagia, such as a preference for eating dirt, cinders, matchsticks, raw flour, and so on, may be caused by zinc deficiency.2. Recurrent mouth ulcers zinc-deficient babies often have ulcers in their mouths or a piece of tongue mucous membrane peeling off on their tongues, which resembles a map-like shape and is known as maps of the tongue.3. Growth and development slows down, zinc is one of the essential trace elements of human metabolism, once the lack of cell metabolism will be affected, hindering the function of the growth hormone axis. As a result, growth and development are affected, making children short in stature and not gaining weight.4. Reduced immune function Zinc deficiency can impair cellular immune function, making children susceptible to infectious diseases, such as frequent upper respiratory infections, bronchopneumonia, recurrent colds or diarrhea, etc..5. Intelligent development is backward. Zinc deficiency can impair the synthesis of DNA and proteins in the brain cells, which affects the child's intellectual development. 6. Children with low zinc levels in laboratory tests often have serum zinc levels below 11.47 umol/L. Zinc has a role in growth and intellectual development. Zinc has the function of helping growth and development, intellectual development, and improving immunity. Lack of zinc will have a serious impact on our body, especially growth and development, so supplementing enough zinc is necessary for growth and intellectual development. In addition to a balanced diet, don't forget to take proper zinc supplements. Zinc deficiency symptoms Children taste disorder: anorexia, partiality or heterophagy; skin disorders: susceptible to mouth ulcers, damaged wounds are not easy to heal, acne during puberty, etc.; stunted growth: short stature, thinness; decreased immunity, frequent colds, fevers; backward intellectual development; hepatosplenomegaly pregnant women aggravation of the pregnancy reaction: acidophilia, vomiting aggravation of intrauterine fetal development retardation: leading to preterm birth, low birth weight child delivery complications Increased: prolonged labor, miscarriage, preterm delivery, increased fetal malformation rate: malformations of the central nervous system of the brain hepatosplenomegaly adult male male infertility: oligozoospermia, weak spermatozoa or seminal fluid not liquefied, male prostatitis, hepatosplenomegaly zinc food Zinc is an indispensable micronutrient in the human body, and zinc supplementation can promote the physical and intellectual development of children. Experts further pointed out that zinc supplementation for children between the ages of 12 and 13 is the most beneficial for improving their intelligence, and at this time, zinc supplementation is equivalent to supplementation of intelligence. Zinc is mainly found in seafood, animal offal, other foods contain very little zinc - water, staple foods and children love to eat eggs almost no zinc, containing zinc vegetables and fruits are not a lot. Lean meat, pork liver, fish, egg yolks, etc. Oysters contain the most zinc. According to laboratory tests, animal food containing zinc is generally more, every hundred grams of animal food contains about 3-5 mg of zinc, and animal protein decomposition of amino acids can also promote the absorption of zinc. Plant foods contain less zinc. Plant foods contain about 1 mg of zinc per 100 grams. Various plant foods with high zinc content include beans, peanuts, millet, radish, cabbage and so on. In addition, in addition to some common zinc supplement food in daily life, such as zinc deficiency is more serious or want to supplement zinc more quickly, you can take some zinc protein preparations (such as the new treasure), zinc effect will be better and more comprehensive. Through the research on sea cucumber, it is found that sea cucumber contains rich trace elements, zinc is one of them. At the same time, sea cucumber is also rich in arginine, which has a certain effect on the dietary treatment of male sexual dysfunction. [5]? Here are some common foods that are high in zinc (mg / 100g of food) Food Zinc Content Oysters 71.2 Wheat Germ Flour 23.4 Pecans 12.6 Scallops (Fresh) 11.7 Portobello Mushrooms 9.04 Shiitake Mushrooms (Dried) 8.47 Mutton (Lean) 6.06 Sunflower Seeds (Stir-Fried) 5.91 Pork Belly 5.78 Beef Liver 5.01 People in need of zinc supplementation can eat more of the foods listed above . Zinc recipes: plucked apple ingredients: 2 apples, egg white 1, sugar, sesame oil, starch, flour, cooking oil.

Practice:

Apple peel, remove the core, wash, cut large hobnail block, flour, egg white, starch and the right amount of water into a slurry, apple block into the mixing syrup. Pan heat, pour oil to 60% hot, will hang a good slurry of apple blocks one by one under the pot, fried to light golden brown out, the original pot on the fire. Another clean pot, add a little oil to slide, add sugar and stir fry until dissolved, to light golden brown, end of the pot away from the hand, hand constantly turning the pot. Put the apple pieces into the original pot of oil, turn on the heat and deep-fry until the skin bulges, fish out and pour into the sugar sauce, turn the pot over and over, until the sugar sauce covered apple pieces, served into the plate beforehand smeared with sesame oil can be.

Beef congee

Raw materials: 20 grams of cabbage, 20 grams of beef, rice porridge, vegetable oil.

Practice:

1, cabbage washed and chopped; beef washed, chopped into mud.

2, put the oil in the pot, when the oil is hot, put the beef puree into the pot and stir fry quickly, beef stir fry until it will be cooked, and then put the cabbage, stir fry together.

3, the fried beef and cabbage into the rice porridge, mix well. "Supplemental zinc can not be indiscriminate," the micro-mall experts warned. Trace elements in the human body have a certain content and proportion, neither less nor more. If you supplement too much zinc, you can make the body's vitamin C and iron content is reduced, inhibit the absorption and utilization of iron, thus causing iron deficiency anemia.