(1) likes sweet food and greasy food.
(2) I like to drink thin soup and drinks, and I don't want to eat foods with more cellulose.
(3) Overeating and often eating snacks.
(4) Resting after meals, lack of exercise.
(5) Eating at night, or eating supper at night.
(6) premature drinking.
These bad eating habits are the important causes of childhood obesity, which should be corrected seriously, so as to avoid the occurrence of childhood obesity.
★ Relationship between childhood obesity and calorie intake
There is a great relationship between childhood obesity and calorie intake. Malnutrition is the main cause of obesity, and the prominent manifestation of malnutrition is excessive accumulation of calories.
The main factors leading to excessive calorie accumulation are: (1) excessive sugar diet, such as sugar flour products, soft drinks with high sugar content; (2) Eating more and consuming less, such as adding meals at night.
The knowledge of biochemistry tells us that the starch and sugar we eat all belong to carbohydrates. After they enter the human body, they first become glucose in the digestive tract under the action of various digestive enzymes, and then they are absorbed and utilized. These glucose are mainly used for oxidative decomposition, which supplies the body with necessary heat energy. However, in the process of metabolism, some glucose will convert excessive carbohydrates into lipids. If consumption is reduced, it will accumulate, which will lead to obesity.
★ The influence of obesity on children's growth and development
Obesity, known as "adult disease of children", has increased significantly in China, especially in metropolises, such as some cities in the north, which has exceeded 20%, seriously affecting the healthy growth of children.
Children's obesity will delay the start of walking, and often due to calcium deficiency and overweight, genu varum or genu valgus and flat feet occur. Because of obesity, children's body's reaction and resistance to the outside world are reduced, and they are prone to various infections, especially respiratory infectious diseases. Long-term obese children will also have hyperlipidemia, which will lead to arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, fatty liver, diabetes and other adult diseases in children.
★ How to adjust the diet for children with obesity?
The treatment of childhood obesity is different from that of adults. Because it is in the stage of physical development, any radical treatment will have a negative impact on the healthy development of children. In addition, children don't cooperate with doctors as well as adults, which brings certain difficulties to the implementation of the treatment plan. Therefore, close cooperation between parents is particularly important.
As far as dietotherapy is concerned, parents must be involved, and parents are required to master some relevant knowledge, such as not allowing children to be partial to eating and overeating, and not giving high-calorie diets such as high sugar and high fat. It is also difficult to treat children on a diet and make them suffer from hunger. Therefore, before carrying out diet control, it is necessary to tell children the dangers of obesity, the truth of dieting and the treatment plan patiently and in detail in order to get their cooperation, which plays a key role in the smooth progress of treatment.
To treat children with diet, we should first master the nutritional characteristics of sick children's food, so as to make diet recipes for children of all ages and stages of disease. However, in general, we should limit energy intake and ensure their growth and development needs, so that their food is diversified and full of vitamins, and they should not be given irritating condiments. The food should be cooked by steaming, boiling or cold salad, and the intake of carbohydrates (such as sucrose) that are easy to digest and absorb should be reduced. Don't eat sweets such as candy, sweet cakes and biscuits, try to eat less bread and potatoes, and eat less fatty foods, especially fat meat, so as to appropriately increase protein's diet, such as bean products and lean meat. However, it's not that you can't eat any sugar or sugary food when it comes to losing weight. What's important is that childhood obesity is in the developmental stage. To avoid extreme calorie restriction, school-age children can increase by 5 ~ 6 cm every year. As long as their weight is maintained at the current situation, their obesity will be improved after one year. Extreme dietary restrictions will cause psychological depression to children and sometimes cause resistance to treatment. In short, as long as the diet of obese children is reasonably adjusted, we can achieve good results of losing weight without affecting children's growth and development.
★ How to prevent childhood obesity
Once established, childhood obesity will form a vicious circle, and psychological loss of enthusiasm will also contribute to the vicious circle. The higher the degree of obesity, the more difficult it is to treat. Therefore, it is very important to prevent childhood obesity.
The prevention of childhood obesity focuses on cultivating good eating habits, avoiding sweet snacks such as candy and cakes and dried fruit snacks, prohibiting overeating and drinking, and actively participating in sports.
Once children are obese, comprehensive treatment should be carried out as soon as possible to control them as soon as possible.
★ How to exercise exercise therapy for childhood obesity?
With the wind of "losing weight" blowing up, exercise to lose weight has become a method of losing weight widely praised by medical workers and obese patients in recent years, and it is considered that this method of losing weight has "all benefits but no harm". Therefore, it is also feasible for children to choose exercise to lose weight.
Japanese scholars believe that physical therapy can strengthen the energy consumption of children, promote the improvement of basal metabolism and improve the oxidation of fat, and the cooperation between physical therapy and diet therapy can play an obvious role, but it is very difficult to lose weight by physical therapy alone, especially for children.
So, how to exercise exercise therapy for children with obesity?
Generally speaking, we should strictly grasp the principle of gradual progress and proceed in stages like food therapy. Obese children can't be asked to change their inactive lifestyle to a state of greater physical exertion immediately, which is absolutely forbidden.
Secondly, children's physical therapy should also be carried out under the guidance of doctors, and they should never make their own decisions. Because unreasonable physical therapy will make the cardiovascular system and autonomic nervous system function further out of balance, the result is not only unable to lose weight, but also easy to cause harmful complications.
In all kinds of physical therapy programs, you can focus on things that are not supported by your feet, such as sitting or lying down to do exercises, swimming, boating, riding a bike, skating, and going out for an outing. Older children can ask them to insist on running and exercising every day. However, a comprehensive exercise plan must be drawn up and approved by the doctor.
In addition to the above, cleaning, stacking bedding and washing tableware are regarded as a part of physical activities in the daily life of obese children, which is also a more suitable method for exercise therapy for obese children.
In a word, as long as exercise therapy is exercised reasonably, it can receive better curative effect. Don't let children eat more staple food because of the result of exercise. Exercise therapy should be combined with diet therapy, such as eating regularly, eating less snacks, drinking some drinks rich in vitamins, chewing slowly, etc. Only when the two are organically combined can exercise lose weight.
★ How to grasp the opportunity to lose weight in childhood obesity?
Childhood obesity can be divided into infant obesity, infant obesity, school obesity and adolescent obesity. From the age when children are most likely to get fat, there are two periods: one is the infancy when adipose tissue develops most vigorously, and the other is the pre-adolescence.
In lactation, the proliferation of fat cells is the main factor, accompanied by hypertrophy. In adolescence, on the contrary, adipocytes are mainly hypertrophy with proliferation. From the point that obesity in infancy is accompanied by adipocyte proliferation, we can know that it is related to obesity later. Of course, there are also cases of natural mitigation. Therefore, obesity in infancy can also be regarded as benign obesity. About 70% ~ 80% of schoolchildren's childhood obesity and pre-adolescent obesity will develop into adult obesity. Therefore, children should lose weight from early childhood.
★ How to carry out psychological treatment for childhood obesity?
Psychotherapy is sometimes more effective than diet and medication for children. Because children's psychology is in the stage of adjustment and adaptation, through effective psychological adjustment, children's bad eating habits can be completely changed.
Psychotherapy for childhood obesity can adopt the following methods:
(1) Educate children about obesity. By holding summer camps for children, relevant experts are invited to explain the knowledge about obesity, so as to improve children's understanding of the consequences of obesity, and enable children to voluntarily receive weight loss treatment.
(2) Teach children scientific eating habits, tell them not to eat too fast, practice fixed-point regular meals, and reduce snacks.
(3) Encourage children to participate in sports and educate them not to sleep after eating, not to eat while watching TV, and to exercise properly after eating.
(4) Encourage children to overcome their inferiority complex. Sometimes they are often ridiculed by their peers because of their obesity. At this time, children should be encouraged to face reality and actively participate in weight loss. Once effective, they should be encouraged to stick to it.
(5) Help children to establish a behavioral weight loss program.