Contents of lectures on health education for pregnant women 1
First, matters needing attention during pregnancy
1, too much salt can easily lead to hypertension and induce pregnancy-induced hypertension. Pay attention to a light diet.
2, the fetus is generally 6-6.5 kg is normal, pregnant women must control their diet.
Balanced nutrition; Coarse and fine grain collocation; Diet restriction does not mean starvation; The biological clock should be normal and regular.
3. Jaundice in pregnancy will lead to the decline of placental function, and the main phenomenon is yellow urine. Caused by too much cholic acid. Pregnant women should not eat fried food.
4, travel safety: avoid external forces. The main symptom after trauma is abdominal pain, so you should see a doctor in time.
5, premature delivery: the main symptom is frequent abdominal contraction, 1-2 times/hour. Pay attention to bed rest at this time.
Because the sensitivity of the uterus varies greatly from individual to individual, walking should vary from person to person, and not every pregnant woman should take more walks.
Nipple stimulation will promote the release of oxytocin in the body and induce premature delivery.
6, ① Pain on both sides of the stomach? It is caused by the traction of uterine ligament, and it is not serious.
② Pain in the bone under the small stomach? Nerves are pulled. When lying down, you should take a lateral position and a hard bed. The husband can press forward slowly according to the position to close the bone position. 3 How to control the diet if the child is too big? Eat less staple food and sweets, and take a walk when you eat more.
Don't accumulate too much energy in the body.
4 What if the child is too young? Stay in bed more, don't be too tired, which is convenient for blood supply to the uterus. Eat less and eat more. Eat more foods containing iron, such as animal liver and duck blood.
⑤ The amniotic fluid is broken? Phenomenon: uncontrollable vaginal water. Amniotic fluid is a colorless and transparent liquid. If it happens, lie flat or keep your hips high, even if you go to the hospital. Pregnant women should be more careful after 36 weeks.
7, pregnant women's clothes should be wide (underwear, underwear), to wash and change frequently.
Second, the family self-monitoring of the fetus
1, counting fetal movements. This is the main monitoring method, especially after 36 weeks. Count three times a day for one hour each time; More than three times per hour, there is no upper limit. Stop for more than one minute and then move again. If you move continuously within one minute, it will be counted as a fetal movement.
Be sure to count before going to bed. If the fetal movement is normal, you can ensure that there is no problem within 12 hours.
Fetal sleep is generally 30-40 minutes/time.
Several other phenomena:
(1) if you suddenly move badly, and then stay still for a long time, it may be that the umbilical cord around the neck leads to fetal hypoxia.
② Rhythmic shivering may be a hiccup after swallowing amniotic fluid, so don't worry.
2. About the umbilical cord around the neck: The umbilical cord around the neck is caused by children's activities in amniotic fluid. As long as it does not oppress the child's neck, there is not much problem.
Iii. Precautions in labor
1, aura: ① irregular abdominal pain, you can wait at home at this time; See the red below, don't be nervous, you can wait at home.
2. During labor, pregnant women have regular stomachache (within 10 minutes each time) and slight sweating. In addition, amniotic fluid may break.
3. Prepare articles before going to the hospital: underwear, underwear, toiletries, diapers for children, washbasin and footbath, and deposit.
5, registration problem: when there is no outpatient service, pregnant women will go directly to the emergency room to register.
6, pregnant women's mood is very important during labor, don't be afraid, and have a positive psychological interaction with the fetus. The husband should do some appeasement.
7. Pregnant women should relieve urine and urine in time before delivery; When giving birth, you should relax your whole body, push your stomach hard, don't push your whole body hard, and breathe evenly. Generally, it takes about 2 hours from the opening of the uterus to the completion of delivery, and caesarean section should be prepared after this time. Placenta is taken out within about 30 minutes. After delivery, pregnant women should rest in the delivery room for 2 hours, which is convenient for observation of postpartum hemorrhage and timely treatment.
8. The uterus will contract after delivery, and a fist-sized lump can be felt on the stomach, which can be restored by pressing.
9, postpartum care: observe whether there is bleeding; Try to stay in bed and do some useful activities in bed; Don't make up immediately, the digestive function of pregnant women has not fully recovered; Drink more soup and replenish milk; Avoid sweating too much.
First, about breastfeeding
1, pregnant women will produce prolactin and oxytocin, which will promote milk production. After giving birth to a child, you should eat more soup and water to facilitate milk production. Generally, pregnant women open milk within 30 minutes after giving birth.
2. Newborns should not suck rubber nipples first (postpartum 1 week). His first feeling is very important. Be sure to let him suck his mother's nipples.
3, children do not feel full, do not give too much breastfeeding.
4, children suck more and stimulate the nipple, the more milk will be secreted.
5, breast pain should be avoided, don't store milk too much, squeeze it out in time to prevent bloating and stopping the emulsion (you can use the pain to wean when weaning).
6. During breastfeeding, mothers should be broad-minded, peaceful and balanced in nutrition.
7, children with diarrhea should stop breastfeeding, and at the same time do not let breast milk swell back and squeeze it out in time. Mother has an infectious disease and can't breastfeed.
8, children eat breast milk from April to June, and the body has strong immunity. While breast milk is produced, it is also good for the mother's physical recovery.
9. Feeding posture:
Sitting feeding-sitting on a stool, embracing the baby, and gently supporting the breast with thumb and forefinger. The baby who is smoking is very peaceful. Let the child eat at one time. If the baby falls asleep during smoking, you can gently pinch his earlobe to wake him up. If you can't wake him up, don't force him to continue sleeping. After feeding, you can coat the nipple with milk and let it dry naturally, which can protect health, sterilize and protect skin; Clean it with a warm and wet towel before the next feeding.
Second, neonatal care
1, the whole body of the newborn is tender, and attention should be paid to holding the cervical vertebra when holding it.
2. When the newborn sleeps, it is necessary to take a lateral position and change the lateral position in time to avoid lying on the back.
3, the wrinkles of fat children's necks should be exposed, using a small amount of talcum powder.
4. The nails of mothers and children should be trimmed in time.
5. After breastfeeding, the child cries, mainly because of inhaling cold air during smoking. To hold his head on your shoulder, pat his back gently for 3-5 minutes and hear the baby burp to expel the cold air in his abdomen.
6. Newborns should avoid the public environment; Pay attention to the circulation of the air at home.
7. By touching the nasal process, you can feel the warmth of the newborn.
8, baby bath: clean from top to bottom. Put the baby on the platform, hold the head and neck by hand and wash it slowly; Then turn around, grab the vicinity of the thigh root and clean the lower body. Babies should generally take a bath before breastfeeding, not after breastfeeding.
9. Umbilical cord care: gently wipe it with cotton balls dipped in alcohol every day until it falls off naturally. If the site is red and swollen, there may be umbilical cord inflammation, so you should see a doctor in time.
Contents of lectures on health education for pregnant women II
It is the wish of every parent to have a healthy and intelligent child. Eugenics means having a healthy and intelligent child. The factors of a person's health are nothing more than two aspects: one is innate and the other is acquired. Congenital endowments are of course inherited by parents, so we must prevent and find congenital abnormalities and block the continuation of genetic diseases. To understand the genetic mode of genetic diseases, you can consult a doctor and ask questions about heredity.
To achieve eugenics, people usually need to know about eugenics. First of all, we must achieve healthy marriage.
Secondly, we should do premarital examination.
Third, we should choose a good time to get pregnant.
Fortieth, pay attention to health care during pregnancy.
First, what should I pay attention to in the early pregnancy?
The first trimester of pregnancy is called early pregnancy, which is an important time for embryonic tissue differentiation and development, and it is also the most vulnerable period to internal and external environment. Therefore, in order to avoid fetal malformation, mothers should do four bogeys in the early pregnancy:
(1) Avoid drug abuse. It is necessary to use drugs as little as possible or not, especially to avoid using hormones, sulfonamides and tetracycline drugs.
(2) Avoid contact with harmful and radioactive substances. Such as benzene, contraceptives, anticancer drugs, pesticide production and radioisotopes.
(3) Avoid infection. Such as rubella, flu, etc., because viruses have teratogenic effects. In addition, some febrile infectious diseases are easy to cause fetal death.
(4) Avoid smoking and alcohol. Alcohol is harmful to the whole development process of fetus, but it is more harmful to early embryos. The harmful components of tobacco can delay the development of embryos and cause deformity and abortion.
Second, women's balanced diet pagoda in early pregnancy
Oil 15-20g, salt 6g
Milk and dairy products 200-250g
Soybeans and nuts 50g
50-75g of fish, poultry, eggs and meat (including animal viscera) (50g of fish, poultry and eggs each) and 300-500 vegetables (mainly green leaves).
Fruits 100-200g
200-300g of cereal potatoes and miscellaneous beans (miscellaneous grains are not less than 1/5).
Moderate drinking water
Third, the second trimester health care: second trimester 13-27 weeks
1, health education: check in the health care system of a regular hospital during pregnancy, screen high-risk factors: check in time if you have abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, edema, severe vomiting and fever, pay attention to the fetal movement time, be reasonable in nutrition, not picky about food, combine work with rest, and do not take medicine indiscriminately and contact with harmful substances. Live a regular life, be cheerful, pay attention to rest, and ensure 8 hours of sleep every day.
2. Necessary examination: prenatal examination every four weeks, routine hematuria examination every month, Down's screening at 16-20 weeks, and ultrasound reexamination at1-24 weeks.
Fourth, health care in the third trimester
1, specify the time of prenatal examination: between 28 and 36 weeks of pregnancy, every two weeks 1 time; After 37 weeks, weekly check-up 1 time; After 40 weeks, check-up every 3 days 1 time and follow-up.
2. Self-detection of fetal movement: 3 times a day, each time 1 hour, 3 numbers are added and multiplied by 4, and the number greater than 30 is normal. If the fetal movement is less than 10 times or the fetal hypoxia is suddenly and frequently suggested, you should go to the hospital immediately.
3 Take the left lateral position when sleeping, drink plenty of water and urinate more.
4, diet diversification, eat more fruits and vegetables to prevent constipation.
5, varicose veins should pay attention to avoid standing for a long time, wear elastic socks when necessary.
6, fingers, low back, joint pain is not nervous, generally 3 months after delivery can return to normal. 7, 32~34 weeks pregnant mother because of increased blood volume, increased uterine fundus, so she will feel a little breathless, palpitation, no previous history of heart disease, normal electrocardiogram, no abnormalities in internal medicine consultation, so she can not intervene. When the temperature is high, it is best for pregnant mothers to stay in a ventilated and cool place to relieve symptoms.
8. Prevent pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. High-risk pregnant women should pay close attention to blood pressure and beware of complications.
9. Actively prevent and treat lower reproductive tract infections, pay attention to health guidance during pregnancy, and prohibit sexual intercourse in the third trimester of pregnancy to avoid weight bearing and abdominal impact.
5. Why should folic acid be supplemented when planning pregnancy?
Folic acid is a kind of vitamin. Lack of folic acid in pregnant women can lead to fetal malformation. Taking small doses of folic acid every day from planned pregnancy to three months after pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of neural tube malformation, cleft lip and palate, congenital heart disease, reduce spontaneous abortion rate, alleviate pregnancy reaction, promote fetal development and correct anemia in pregnant women.
Sixth, how about postpartum? Confinement? Talent science
1 Pay attention to rest. Rest is the top priority of confinement. You must rest at home after delivery, pay attention to sleep, and don't let yourself get tired again, but never lie in bed all month.
2. Keep cheerful. Postpartum women are mentally fragile, and with increased pressure, postpartum depression may occur. Therefore, we must maintain a happy atmosphere at home, especially the husband should be more considerate of his wife and give support in spirit and life.
3, reasonable arrangement of diet. The dietary principles during confinement are: the food should be soft, delicious, easy to digest and absorb, eat less and more meals, mix dry and thin, and be suitable for meat and vegetables. It is not advisable to eat raw, cold and hard food, and it is not advisable to supplement it too quickly.
4, keep clean and hygienic
Keep the perineum clean. ※. After delivery, the perineum should be scrubbed with cotton balls dipped in sterile water or normal saline at least twice a day. After defecation, it should be washed 1 time. After cleaning, it should be replaced with sterilized perineum pads, and underwear should be changed in Ying Qin, and exposed to sunlight to achieve the purpose of sterilization.
Take a bath frequently. ※. Experts believe that women who give birth normally can take a bath within 24 hours after delivery, and should take a shower after delivery. The water temperature is 34-35℃, and the room temperature is preferably 26℃. Pot bathing is prohibited within one month after delivery.
Brush your teeth frequently. ※. After pregnancy, women are prone to gingivitis due to the effect of estrogen. So,? Confinement? Oral hygiene is particularly important for pregnant women. Not only should they brush their teeth, but they should also insist on brushing their teeth in the morning and evening, and rinse their mouths after meals to protect their teeth.
Exercise properly. ※. Insist on the necessary physical exercise in the second month and do some postpartum gymnastics, which can restore your physique and body shape well.
Never have sex. ※. It takes 56 days for a lying-in woman to start sexual life after her body is fully recovered, and it is best to start sexual life after her menstruation is restored. Forceps and sutures can only start sexual life after the wound heals and scars form; If it is a caesarean section, it will take at least three months.
Contents of lectures on health education for pregnant women 3
First, establish the "Maternal Health Care Book" before 12 weeks of pregnancy, and do the first pregnancy check. In the community health service center of maternal domicile or long-term residence, establish maternal health care books. The services mainly include: physical examination (including gynecology), basic blood pressure measurement, pelvic measurement, determination of pregnancy size, routine hematuria, blood type, blood sugar, routine leucorrhea, liver function, syphilis screening, HIV detection and other auxiliary examinations. Preliminary screening, registration and treatment of high-risk factors of pregnant women, health education and guidance during pregnancy, etc. Second, prenatal examination during pregnancy
Before 24 weeks of pregnancy, prenatal examination should be conducted in the community health service center where the pregnant woman has her domicile or long-term residence. After 24 weeks of pregnancy, the pregnant woman referred herself and had a prenatal examination in the obstetric hospital where she planned to give birth.
Main contents:
1, prenatal examination, screening and evaluation of high-risk factors according to the contents of maternal health care book,
To deal with complications and complications during pregnancy.
2. Follow-up content: Measure pregnant women's weight, blood pressure and urine protein; Ask pregnant women if there is anything special.
Situation (ask about fetal movement count after 30 weeks of pregnancy); Check the fetal position and listen to the fetal heart; The fetus is exposed into the basin first, etc.; Measure uterine height and abdominal circumference, draw pregnancy map and judge fetal growth and development; Check the edema of lower limbs. Routine blood tests and liver function tests were performed in the second and third trimesters, and B-ultrasound and fetal ECG monitoring were performed when necessary.
3. Pregnancy 15 weeks? /kloc-prenatal screening is recommended for 0/9 weeks. Prenatal diagnosis is recommended for high-risk pregnant women.
4. Health education includes health and nutrition guidance during pregnancy; Family self-monitoring; Routine complications
Identification and prevention; The benefits of vaginal delivery; Preparation before labor and identification of labor symptoms; Breastfeeding knowledge, etc.
Third, postpartum health care
When the pregnant and lying-in women are discharged from hospital, the hospital will hand over the Maternal Health Care Book to their families and send it to the community health service center within three days after discharge. The postpartum visiting doctor in the community health service center will go to the maternal home for service within three days after receiving the "Maternal Health Care Book" or the notice of postpartum visiting.
Service content: measuring blood pressure and temperature; Check breast, uterus, perineum or abdominal wounds, etc.; Newborns were weighed, skin jaundice, navel and buttocks were checked, and abnormal conditions were handled. Carry out postpartum nutrition, breastfeeding, neonatal bathing methods and infant touching guidance, and conduct psychological counseling for pregnant women.
Fourth, 42 days after delivery? 56-day check-up The parturient and the baby go to the district maternal and child health care institution for health check-up.
Service content: maternal blood routine test, blood pressure measurement, evaluation of pregnant women's rehabilitation and baby's growth and development, and guidance on contraceptive knowledge selection.