1. What information do you need to know about this helper? (10)

A: The information you need to know includes:

(1) Physical symptoms after the earthquake.

(2) The help and function of social support system.

(3) Interpersonal communication before and after the earthquake.

(4) Economic situation.

(5) Past psychological counseling history.

(6) Current living conditions.

(7) Future life planning.

2. What is the possible diagnosis of this helper, and state the reasons respectively? (30 points)

A: The diagnoses that can be considered for this assistant are:

(1) phobia

Reason:

(1) Helpers should not be afraid of object scene fear.

(2) The resulting inner deformation conflict.

(3) the time is more than three months.

④ Social function is seriously damaged.

(2) Depression (or depressive psychosis)

Reason:

(1) Interest declines or disappears.

2 depressed.

③ Social function is seriously damaged.

④ The course of the disease lasted for more than three months.

(2) post-traumatic stress disorder

Reason:

(1) Strong mental trauma.

② Recurrence after traumatic experience.

③ forced memory

④ The current course of disease is less than half a year.

(3) Adaptation disorder

Reason:

① Pressure event-earthquake

② Reactive emotional disorder

③ Social function damage

④ The course of disease is less than half a year.

3. In this case, how should the pressure faced by the helper be classified according to the intensity? (10)

Answer: (1) Stress is a cognitive and behavioral experience process consisting of stressors and stress reactions.

(2) The pressure is divided into:

(1) the general single life stress refers to a certain period of time in our life, in the process of experiencing one thing and trying to adapt to it, the stress we experience is not strong enough to make us collapse.

② The superimposed pressure is extremely serious, which is difficult to deal with and does great harm to people. It is also divided into simultaneous superposition pressure and successive superposition pressure. At the same time, superimposed pressure refers to the pressure experienced by the parties when several events constitute pressure at the same time, commonly known as "besieged on all sides". Successive superimposed pressure refers to two or more events that can constitute pressure, and the subsequent pressure occurs in the second or third stage of the first pressure. At this time, the pressure experienced by the parties is commonly known as "it never rains but it pours".

Destructive stress, also known as extreme stress, includes war, earthquake, air crash, attack, kidnapping, rape and so on.

4. What are the stages and characteristics of disaster syndrome? (10)

A: (1) Disaster syndrome refers to the psychological reaction after a powerful natural disaster.

(2) The stages and characteristics of disaster syndrome are as follows:

① fear period. At this stage, it is difficult for victims to lose consciousness of trauma and disaster update, just like a state of "insanity", and often they can't remember it afterwards.

② Recovery period. In the recovery period, the victim will have anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, decreased attention and so on. , similar to what is commonly called "fear after death". During this period, the victims often tell everyone their experiences, just like Sister Xianglin's performance in the movie Blessing.

③ Rehabilitation period. After recovery, my mind regained its balance.

5. How to distinguish acute stress disorder from post-traumatic stress disorder? (10)

A: The difference between acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder lies in:

(1) The onset time is different: acute stress disorder can appear in minutes or hours after trauma. Posttraumatic stress disorder can be delayed for several months to six months.

(2) The degree of symptoms is different: Acute stress disorder is mainly manifested as disturbance of consciousness, disorientation, disorganized speech and slow perception. Post-traumatic stress disorder is mainly manifested in repeated traumatic experiences, pain in the face of similar disaster situations, selective forgetting of traumatic efforts, and general unconscious disorder.

(3) Different prognosis: Acute stress disorder generally recovers well, while post-traumatic stress disorder sometimes cannot recover for a long time.

6. In this case, how does the psychological counselor use the cognitive therapy of Baker and Remy, and what is its working procedure? (10)

A: Baker and Remy's cognitive therapy, its working procedure is:

(1) Establish a consulting relationship.

A good counseling relationship is very important for any kind of psychotherapy, and it is the basis for the continuation of treatment. This therapy emphasizes the dual roles of consultants as diagnostic doctors and educators.

(2) Determine the consulting objectives.

This therapy thinks that wrong cognition and ideas are the root of emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore, the fundamental goal of their consultation is to find and correct the wrong ideas and the cognitive process of their formation, so as to turn them into correct cognitive ways.

② The above objectives can be further decomposed into more specific consulting objectives. In this way, the whole consultation process is more hierarchical, so that the consultant can have a good understanding of the consultation process, which is conducive to him to adopt more targeted methods and skills under the guidance of each goal.

(3) Identifying problems: skills of questioning and introspection.

From this process, we are exposed to the cognitive process and concept of the helper. In order to find out the incorrect cognitive concept behind the client's behavior problems as soon as possible, the first task of psychological counselors is to guide the client to a specific problem range and ask them to pay attention to those specific problems and observable facts, which are usually ignored by the client. Therefore, counselors should guide the help-seekers to experience and reflect. Specifically, it can be achieved through questioning, introspection and the combination of these two technologies.

(4) Testing superficial misconceptions: suggestion, demonstration and imitation.

Surface misunderstanding or marginal misunderstanding refers to the direct and concrete explanation of the helper's maladjustment behavior. For these misunderstandings, the following related technologies can be used:

1 suggestion. Suggesting the helper to do an activity is related to his explanation of his own problem. Through this activity, help seekers can test whether their original explanation is correct.

2 demonstration. Encourage the helper to enter the real or imaginary situation and let him observe the way and process of his wrong ideas. This situation should also be set according to the problem of the helper and its explanation.

③ Imitation. Let the helper observe a model to complete an activity first, and then ask the helper to complete the same activity through imagination or imitation.

(5) Correcting the core misunderstanding: semantic analysis technology.

Deep-seated misconceptions are often manifested as some abstract propositions related to self-concept, which do not correspond to specific events and behaviors, and it is difficult to test them through specific situations. This needs to be corrected by some more logical and abstract techniques. Semantic technology in cognitive therapy is an important method to reveal and correct deep-seated misconceptions. Semantic technology mainly aims at the wrong self-concept of help seekers. These self-concepts are often expressed as a special sentence pattern and have the same logical form. That is, the sentence structure of "subject refers to one table".

(6) Further changing cognition: behavior correction technology.

In cognitive therapy, psychological counselors often change the unreasonable cognitive concept of help seekers through behavior correction techniques. However, this technology is not only aimed at the behavior itself, but always links it with the cognitive process of the helper, trying to establish a virtuous circle between the two. This is also the difference between cognitive therapy peers.

(7) Consolidate new ideas: cognitive review.

Cognitive review is to help seekers by assigning homework or letting them read materials about cognitive therapy. In fact, it is a further extension of the previous consultation process in real life situations. Therefore, this work does not have to start only at the later stage of consultation. After each consultation, the counselor can assign certain homework to the helper according to the specific situation. Homework is specially designed for each customer's specific problems, which comes from the cooperative treatment relationship.

7. Psychological counselors use shock therapy to treat the fear of help seekers. Please briefly describe its basic process. (10)

A: (1) Impulse therapy, namely immersion therapy, is a kind of exposure therapy, which exposes the help-seekers to the real or imagined stimulus situation and causes intense anxiety for a period of time. Just like the characteristics of all exposure therapies, although the client will have fear during the exposure, the result of fear will not happen. It can be divided into realistic shock therapy and imaginary shock therapy.

(2) The basic process of pulse therapy is as follows:

(1) screening to determine the treatment object.

Impulse therapy is a more intense treatment method, and the help-seekers should do detailed physical examination and necessary laboratory examinations such as ECG and EEG. Help-seekers who are not suitable for pulse therapy must be excluded to avoid physical and mental harm to help-seekers.

② Sign a treatment agreement.

Introduce the principle, process and possible situation of the treatment to the help-seekers. The pain that the help-seekers may bear in the treatment cannot be concealed and diluted. At the same time, it also tells us that the curative effect may be faster than any other psychotherapy. When the clients and their relatives decide to receive treatment after careful consideration, they can sign a treatment agreement.

③ Preparation for treatment

First determine the stimulus. It should be the most feared and taboo thing for help seekers, because it is the root cause of symptoms. Sometimes there is more than one stimulus, so choose the one that is most terrible for the helper. According to the nature of the irritant, determine the treatment site. If the stimulation is specific and harmless, it can be taken indoors, preferably in the treatment room. The treatment room should not be too big, simple and clear, clear at a glance, nothing, just deliberately arranged stimulation. Help-seekers can feel the presence of stimuli in any direction, and there is no place to escape. In principle, the door is controlled by the consultant, and the helper can't escape at will.

Sometimes the stimulus is not a specific object, it may be an atmosphere or a specific environment. At this time, the treatment should be carried out at a specific site.

In order to prevent accidents, some emergency drugs such as diazepam, propranolol and adrenaline should be prepared.

④ Implement shock therapy.

The helper followed the counselor into the treatment room and sat down at the designated position. Then the counselor quickly and violently presents the stimulus to the helper. The time of each treatment should depend on the stress response of customers. Its emotional response is more needed than any helper's anxiety and tension in the past, and strives to reach the limit. Its physiological response needs obvious changes in autonomic nervous function. The limit is marked by the reversal of emotions. Usually a treatment lasts 30 to 60 minutes. Pulse therapy is generally performed 2 ~ 4 times, once a day/kloc-0 or once every other day. A small number of help seekers can only be cured after 1 treatment.

8. If the counselor lacks experience in helping such clients, what should he pay attention to when making referrals? (10)

A: Precautions for referral:

(1) When there is a situation that is not suitable for psychological consultation, the psychological counselor should make a wise referral with a high sense of responsibility and good professional ethics.

(2) Obtain the consent of the person seeking help in advance and explain the reasons.

(3) Introduce new consultants to customers.

(4) Introduce the situation of the helper to the new consultant, but should not reveal the privacy.

(5) Do not interfere with the consulting work of new consultants, and do not evaluate the work of new consultants.