What is rich in milk? Food is one of the conditions for our survival. In our life, most foods not only play the role of satiety, but also have many other functions. Let's find out what is rich in milk.
What is rich in milk 1 1? The main ingredients of milk are protein, fat, lactose and vitamins. The chemical composition of milk changes after being influenced by the variety, individual, age, lactation period, feeding management, environmental conditions, milking methods and health status of dairy cows.
2. protein: contains all essential amino acids.
3. Fat: Milk fat is an edible fat with high digestibility, which can provide energy for the body.
4. Lactose: Almost all carbohydrates in milk are lactose, which is very important for infants' intellectual development. The absorption of calcium by human body is directly proportional to the amount of lactose, so drinking milk often can prevent rickets.
5. Minerals: Minerals are an important component of the body, which can maintain the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell together with protein, and can also regulate the excitability of neuromuscular. Milk is rich in minerals, mainly including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and iron.
6. Vitamins: Milk contains all known vitamins.
The main ingredients in milk are: water, fat, protein, lactose, minerals and vitamins, among which the water content accounts for 86%~90%. Milk can be divided into sterilized fresh milk and sterilized milk. The contents of protein, lactose, minerals and other nutrients in sterilized fresh milk and sterilized milk are basically the same as those in raw milk except for a small loss of B vitamins. However, vitamins A and D are generally added to sterilized milk on the market.
Sterilized fresh milk: Sterilized fresh milk is a liquid dairy product made by pasteurization (63℃, 30 minutes). Or 75~90℃, 15 ~ 16 seconds. ), need to be refrigerated.
Sterilized milk: UHT milk is made by instantaneous sterilization at high temperature (120~ 140℃, 1~2sec). ) and can be stored for 30~40 days at room temperature. Traditional sterilized milk is a liquid dairy product made by high temperature sterilization for a long time, which can be preserved for more than 6 months at room temperature.
"Raw milk", also called raw milk, is a common name for raw milk that has not been sterilized and homogenized. A small amount of "raw milk" on the market is sold in bulk, and consumers usually boil it after buying it. The boxed and bagged prepackaged pure milk in the market is made of "raw milk" through cooling, raw milk inspection, impurity removal, standardization, homogenization and sterilization (pasteurization or ultra-high temperature sterilization).
What is rich in milk? Milk is rich in protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. Milk protein contains essential amino acids; Milk fat is mostly short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids, which are easily absorbed by the human body; Potassium, phosphorus, calcium and other minerals have a reasonable proportion and are easily absorbed by the human body.
In addition, milk is rich in physiologically active substances, including lactoferrin, immunoglobulin, bioactive peptides, conjugated linoleic acid, butyric acid, hormones, growth factors and various bioactive peptides.
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Precautions for drinking milk
1, people who are prone to bloating should not drink milk.
Although milk can help the human body to promote digestion, accelerate intestinal peristalsis, and discharge excess garbage from the body. However, in the process of digestion and absorption, milk is also prone to produce a lot of gas, so people who are prone to abdominal distension should not drink milk.
People with lactose allergy should not drink milk.
Milk is a kind of food rich in lactose. People who are allergic to lactose are not suitable for drinking milk. Once they drink milk, it will lead to diarrhea, which is not good for their health.
What is rich in milk? How to eat milk with high nutritional value?
1, seize the opportunity to drink milk.
Morning and evening are the best time to drink milk. Generally speaking, it is better to drink milk about half an hour after breakfast or half an hour before breakfast. Drinking milk after breakfast can ensure the nutritional needs of the human body for one day.
Drinking milk before going to bed not only helps to sleep, but also helps the human body absorb the nutrients of milk. There is a special law of calcium metabolism in human body: plasma calcium content will appear a "trough" at night, especially at midnight, forcing the body to transport some calcium in bones through regulation mechanism to fill the "trough". Therefore, drinking milk before going to bed can compensate the body's demand for calcium at night and help sleep.
2. Avoid drinking milk on an empty stomach.
Why not advocate drinking milk on an empty stomach? That's because stomach acid condenses protein, making it difficult for the body to absorb it. Moreover, gastric acid can also destroy immune substances in milk. In addition, avoid drinking milk when the gastrointestinal motility is too fast. For example, when you just get up in the morning, the peristalsis of the stomach will accelerate the dilution of milk by the stomach.
The retention time of milk in the stomach is shortened, and the nutrients in milk cannot be fully utilized. So generally speaking, it is better to drink milk about half an hour to an hour after meals. Or when drinking milk, it is best to eat with some starchy foods, such as bread, steamed bread, corn porridge, beans and so on. , can also be conducive to digestion and absorption.
3. Control the temperature of milk.
If milk is drunk too cold, it is not easy to digest and absorb. Moreover, cold milk will increase gastrointestinal peristalsis and cause mild diarrhea. In particular, patients with stomach diseases such as ulcers and colitis should avoid eating cold milk to prevent the illness from getting worse.
The suitable temperature for drinking milk is 40-50 degrees. The temperature of milk should not be too hot, and it should not be boiled for too long. A series of changes will take place when milk is heated. When heated again after boiling, lactose in milk will start to coke and gradually decompose into lactic acid and a small amount of formic acid, vitamins will be destroyed, and the color, fragrance and taste will be obviously reduced.
4. Precautions for drinking milk
First: Don't drink milk on an empty stomach.
Many people get up in the morning and drink milk directly on an empty stomach, and even eat milk for breakfast without eating other food. In fact, this is a very wrong way to drink. Because drinking milk on an empty stomach is very wasteful, and the human body is hungry, the demand for energy is also relatively large. At this time, the intake of milk will be directly converted into calorie consumption, resulting in a very short stay time of milk in the stomach and intestines, which will soon be excreted through the intestine, which is very unfavorable for nutrient absorption.
Second: it is best not to add sugar to milk.
Many people are used to adding a proper amount of sugar cubes when drinking milk, thinking that this will make the taste more wonderful. Experts tell us that this method is actually very incorrect. Especially boiled milk, you can't add sugar, because the substances and sugar contained in milk will form a substance called fructose lysine at high temperature, which is harmful to human body.
In addition, this kind of milk with sugar can easily lead to a large loss of calcium, which is not conducive to calcium supplementation. Therefore, it is best not to add sugar to the scientific way of drinking milk.
Third: Don't eat raw milk.
Is milk eaten raw? Many people think that eating raw milk is the most natural and best for your health. Experts tell us that it is best not to eat raw milk and avoid ingesting some other bacteria.
Fourth: Take out the milk immediately after boiling.
When heating milk, stop heating as soon as you see boiling, otherwise it is easy to reduce nutrients. If milk is cooked for a long time, its color will turn brown, its flavor will be reduced, and its vitamin content will be lost, which is not conducive to our nutritional intake.
Fifth: Don't drink tea or milk.
Tea is a kind of drink that many people in China like. Some people even like to put milk and tea together In fact, this is a very unhealthy method. Experts tell us that milk contains a lot of calcium. If milk and tea are eaten together, some components in tea will affect the body's absorption of calcium, which is not conducive to health.
Sixth: Don't freeze milk.
In summer, many people always like to put milk in the refrigerator to avoid spoilage. Actually, this method is not good. When the temperature of milk is below zero, fat and protein will be separated, which will lead to the appearance of water samples and the taste of milk will become worse. Therefore, if you want to preserve milk, you can keep it fresh in the refrigerator instead of cold storage.
Seventh: Drink milk, not food containing tannic acid and oxalic acid.
If milk is ingested together with substances containing a lot of oxalic acid and tannic acid, it will easily lead to food caking in the body, making it difficult for the body to digest and absorb. There are many common foods containing such substances, such as spinach, lemon, bayberry, water bamboo, etc., so we should pay attention to distinguish them every day.
Eighth: Keep milk away from light.
Milk contains a lot of vitamin B, which is easily decomposed and destroyed if it is exposed to sunlight. Therefore, the daily preservation of milk must choose opaque bottles, and at the same time choose a cool place.
Ninth: the time to drink milk.
What to pay attention to when drinking milk, and the time is also very particular. To get the maximum effect, it is best to drink milk at night, which is not only conducive to promoting physical rest, but also conducive to the absorption of calcium, and has a good effect on preventing bone loss and osteoporosis.
Tenth: You can't cook milk with bronze wares.
In many high-end kitchen utensils on the market, copper is widely used, such as copper milk jugs and heating cups. I suggest that if you heat milk, you'd better not use bronze ware, because it will destroy vitamins in milk, and copper will react with milk, which will accelerate the loss of nutrients and is not conducive to human absorption.