gingkgo
Litsea cubeba
Latin scientific name
Litsea cubeba
Another name
Cang Shu, litsea cubeba, litsea cubeba, litsea cubeba.
Binomial nomenclature/system
fruit of a cubeb litsea tree
boundary
plant kingdom
morphological character
Deciduous shrubs or small trees, 8- 10 m high. Bark is yellowish green when young and grayish brown when old, and it is hairless.
Leaves alternate, papery, fragrant, lanceolate or oblong, 7- 1 1cm long, 0-0/.4-2.4 cm wide, tapering at the top, wedge-shaped at the base, entire, dark green at the top, pink and light green at the bottom. Hairless on both sides, pinnate veins, 6- 10 lateral veins on each side, slender, midvein and lateral veins protruding to both sides; Petiole 6-20 mm long, slender, glabrous.
Umbellies are solitary or clustered, with slender stems, 6- 10 mm long; Bract margin with eyelashes; Each inflorescence has 4-6 flowers, the first leaf opens or opens at the same time with the leaves, and the perianth lobes are 6, with a wide oval shape; There are 9 fertile stamens, the middle and lower parts of filaments are hairy, and the basal glands of the third round have short stalks; Degenerate pistil glabrous; The middle and lower staminodes of female flowers are pilose; The ovary is ovoid, the style is short, and the stigma is capitate. [ 1]
The fruit is nearly spherical, about 5 mm in diameter, hairless, green when young, black when mature, with pedicels 2-4 mm long and slightly thicker at the apex.
The flowering period is February-March and the fruiting period is July-August.
geographical distribution
Produced in Hamilton, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet. [1] Southeast Asian countries are also distributed.
Growth habit
I like humid climate. Hi-light, born in sunny mountains, shrubs, sparse forests or roadside and waterside in forests, with an altitude of 500-3200m. Poor growth and development under insufficient light. It is suitable for acid red soil, yellow soil and mountain brown soil with deep upper layer and good drainage, but it is not suitable for planting in low-lying waters.
Main value
economic value
The wood material of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is medium, moisture-proof and moth-proof, but easy to split, and can be used for ordinary furniture and buildings. Flowers, leaves and peels are the main raw materials for extracting citral, which are used in pharmaceutical products and preparing essence. The kernel oil content is 6 1.8%, and the oil is industrial oil. After processing the pheasant pepper, it was made into the pheasant pepper oil spice, which can be sold as a commodity.
Medicinal value
Roots, stems, leaves and fruits can all be used as medicine, which has the effects of dispelling wind and cold, reducing swelling and relieving pain. As a kind of medicine, Chinese medicine in Shanghai, Sichuan, Kunming and other places calls it "Bicheng eggplant" (Bicheng eggplant is recorded as a water chestnut in general pharmacognosy. ). The application of "Bichengqie" in the treatment of schistosomiasis has achieved good results. People in Xingguo, Jiangxi Province reported that the mixed planting of pheasant pepper and camellia oleifera can prevent and control the coal black disease (bituminous coal disease) of camellia oleifera.