The root of the radish is one of the most common vegetables, but the entire plant is actually edible. The seeds of radish are known as lai see, which is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, but many people do not know how to grow radish. Next follow me to see how to grow radish bar.

Radish planting techniques

Timely and appropriate

As the name suggests: choose the appropriate seasonal varieties to plant. Radish can be cultivated almost all year round, but mainly cultivated in fall and winter.

Winter radish is usually sown in August-September and harvested in October-December, with a growing period of 60-110 days. This type of radish is high yield, good quality, multi-purpose, cultivation area is the largest, the most varieties.

Spring radish late fall and early winter sowing, harvested in February-March of the following year. Cold hardiness, late moss pumping, not easy to hollow.

Field management

Fertilization

Planting radish to deep soil, water retention and good drainage, loose and breathable sandy soil is good. Soil PH value of 5.3-7.0 is more suitable. Radish before sowing need to clear the field of debris and weeds, and then deep plowing, full base fertilizer, sowing according to the characteristics of varieties and local soil, fertilizer, water and other conditions to determine a reasonable planting density. Depending on the situation, you can use spot sowing, strip sowing, sowing and other sowing methods. Plant spacing is generally 20 cm?20-25 cm.

Radish fertilizer should be based on fertilizer, supplemented by fertilizer. Under the premise of adequate bottom fertilizer, broken white to shoulder period of time each fertilizer a chase, and then generally stop fertilizer, in order to prevent futile growth, affecting the growth of fleshy roots. Fertilizer should not be too concentrated and close to the roots of the watering, so as not to burn the roots, causing fleshy root rot or hardening.

Radish absorption of nutrients to potassium most, nitrogen second, phosphorus least. Every 1000 kilograms of radish production, absorb about 5.55 kilograms of nitrogen, 2.60 kilograms of phosphorus, 6.37 kilograms of potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium absorption ratio is 2.1:1:2.5.

Seedling management

Timely inter-seedling, set seedling: seedling out of the ground after the growth of rapid growth, should be timely inter-seedling to ensure that seedling Qi, seedling strong. The first inter-seedling in the cotyledon fully expanded, 2-3 true leaves when the second inter-seedling. When the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, the fleshy root of the radish breaks the belly when the seedlings are set.

Plowing, weeding and soil cultivation: combined with inter-seedling plowing and weeding, plowing should be shallow and then deep, to avoid injuring the roots. The first and second inter-seedling shallow plowing, hoeing loose topsoil can be; the third inter-seedling, a deep plowing, and the soil in the furrow of the border cultivated in the border to prevent the fall of seedlings.

Soil moisture is one of the most important reasons for radish yield and quality. In the fleshy root formation period, if the soil is dry and the climate is hot, the fleshy root expansion is hindered, the skin is rough, the spicy flavor is enhanced, the sugar and vitamin content is reduced, it is easy to chaff the heart, and the quality is reduced. If the soil moisture content is high, the soil aeration is poor, the fleshy root lenticels increase, affecting the quality of goods. Flesh root growth period, soil moisture content stabilized at about 20% is more appropriate. If the soil dry, wet sudden change, it is easy to cause fleshy root cracks.

Disease and pest control

Main diseases

Radish black rot: commonly known as black heart disease, hollow disease, etc.. It is a disease caused by bacteria [Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pammel) Dowson.], the main symptom is that the center of the root becomes black and the vascular bundles of the fleshy roots become black and rot. The seeds can be dipped in warm soup at 50℃ for 30 minutes, or XJ-101 powder 500 times liquid for 2 hours, and the seedlings can be foliar sprayed with XJ-101 powder 300-450 times liquid and so on.

Virus disease: early can use 1.5% phytophthora 500 times liquid or 2% ninamycin 200 times spray 2-3 times. Prevent high temperature and drought.

Soft rot: (1) soil liming, 40 kg of quicklime per mu, pay attention to water drainage, do not favor the application of nitrogen, more phosphorus, potassium and organic fertilizers; (2) pay attention to the prevention and control of insect pests, to reduce insect wounds, transplanting seedlings without injuring the roots, timely harvesting; (3) before the onset of the disease or the onset of the early stage of the disease, with the XJ-101 Powder 300-450 times the liquid root irrigation treatment, 0.3-0.5 kg per plant, 1 time every 10 days, successive irrigation, 0.5 kg per plant. Every 10 days 1 time, continuous irrigation 2-3 times.

Downy mildew: after the rain or pre-emergence of the disease, we can use 72% mefenamic acid manganese zinc 500-600 times liquid, 66.5% Fenpyroximate hydrochloride 750 times liquid, 40% aluminum triethyl phosphate wettable powder 600 times liquid spray

Main pests

Yellow-striped flea beetles: larvae can be used in the irrigation of the root of the 300 times liquid irrigation with the Yangle, or drenching, ground sprinkle ground insecticide, etc.; in the adult occurrence of yellow-striped flea beetle: the larval stage can be used in the water or ground sprinkling 300 times liquid irrigation, ground insecticide, etc. In the adult season, use 200 times of Yangle or 200 times of Dingkong to spray.

The small tigers: can be sown in the seeding time with insecticide, Migo and other mixed fine sand scattered in the seeding ditch. Seedlings can be used to irrigate the roots or treat the soil with Shunbiao 750 times liquid or Dingkong 200 times liquid when they emerge from the soil.

Aphids: When the rate of aphids reaches 10% or an average of 3-5 heads of aphids per plant, it should be sprayed to prevent and control: the available 200 times the solution of Yangle or 300 times the solution of Dingkong alternately sprayed.

Harvest

The fleshy roots can be harvested when they are sufficiently enlarged, and if the growth time is too long, hollowing will occur. Harvesting too late fiber increase, and easy to crack the root, chaff heart, affecting the quality of goods.

Note: To prevent or reduce the shape of uneven, cracked, forked roots, chaff heart, the key to pay attention to the application of sufficiently rotted organic fertilizer, loose good ground, the soil is often kept moist.

Introduction to the radish

Alias Lai Tai, beetroot, Cruciferae herbaceous plants. The root of the radish is one of the most common vegetables, but in fact the whole plant is edible. The seeds are known as lai tzu and are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Radish is an important continental vegetable in China and is grown throughout the country. It can be cultivated in all seasons and supplied on an annual basis, and the volume of production and sales is also very large. Due to the improvement of people's living standards, changes in consumption habits, the development of science and technology, anti-seasonal cultivation has also been developed, the use of alpine climate differences, solarium and plastic large, medium and small greenhouse supporting cultivation. Realize the radish super seasonal listing, very popular with the majority of consumers.

Radish nutrition is relatively rich, according to analysis, per 100 grams of edible part, containing 6 grams of carbohydrates, 0.6 grams of protein, calcium 49 mg, phosphorus 34 mg, iron 0.5 mg, 0.8 grams of inorganic salts, vitamin C30 mg. Radish and seedlings and seeds, in the prevention and treatment of epidemic encephalitis, gas poisoning, summer fever, dysentery, diarrhea, hot cough with blood and other diseases, has a good medicinal effect.

Radish is native to China. Roots for food, one of the main vegetables in China, the seeds contain 42% oil, can be used to make soap or for lubricants. The part we eat is the root.

Radish is divided into white radish, green radish and cherry radish three. And carrots are not a type of radish as they belong to the family Umbelliferae.

Characteristics of radish

Radish: (lu?bo) (Raphanus sativus L.), also known as Lysimachia, belongs to the plant family, Cruciferae, genus Radish. It is a biennial herb. Root fleshy, oblong, spherical or conical, root skin red, green, white, pink or purple. Stem erect, stout, cylindrical, hollow, branched from base. Usually lyrate-pinnatifid, coarsely hairy, lateral lobes 1 to 3 pairs, margins serrate or notched; stems tapering upward in the middle, undivided or slightly divided, not clasping. Racemes, terminal and axillary. Flowers pale pink or white. Fruit long horned, indehiscent, subconical, straight or slightly curved, constricted into a cascade between seeds, apex with a long beak, beak 2.5-5 cm long, fruit wall spongy. Seeds 1 to 6, reddish brown, rounded, with fine reticulation. Native to China, cultivated throughout the world, there are many varieties, common red radish, green radish, white radish, water radish and heart beauty and so on. Seeds, fresh roots, leaves can be used as medicine, function of the lower gas to eliminate accumulation. Raw radish contains amylase, which can help digestion. The part we eat is the root.

A biennial herb. Root fleshy, oblong, spherical or conical, root skin red, green, white, pink or purple. Stem erect, stout, cylindrical, hollow, branched from the base. Usually lyrate-pinnatifid, coarsely hairy, lateral lobes 1 to 3 pairs, margins serrate or notched; stems tapering upward in the middle, undivided or slightly divided, not clasping. Racemes, terminal and axillary. Flowers pale pink or white. Fruit long horned, indehiscent, subconical, straight or slightly curved, constricted into a cascade between seeds, apex with a long beak, beak 2.5-5 cm long, fruit wall spongy. Seeds 1 to 6, reddish brown, rounded, with fine reticulation. Carrots generally undergo sexual reproduction; as for asexual reproduction, theoretically possible.

Radish taproot system, the main root depth of 60 cm - 180 cm, the main root group is distributed in the soil layer of 20 cm - 45 cm. The fleshy root of the radish is the storage organ for assimilation products, and the skin color is white, pink, purple-red, green and other colors; the former Soviet Union and France also have black skin radish. Flesh color is white, greenish green, purple-red and other colors. Radish nutritional growth period leaves clustered on the shortened stem. Leaf shape on the board leaves (loquat leaves) and flower leaves (large class pinnatisect leaves) points. Leaf color is light green, rich green, bright green, black green. Leaf clusters are erect, semi-erect and spreading. After the radish plant passes through the stage of development, the flower stem drawn from the terminal bud is the main stem. The flowers of each white radish are mostly white or light purplish-red, the flowers of green radish are mostly purple, while the flowers of red radish are mostly white. Radish fruit is angular, not cracked after maturity, each fruit has 3 - 10 seeds, threshing is more laborious. The general seed coat has two kinds of red-brown and yellow-brown, the depth varies according to the varieties, and many local parties have the law of red-seeded white radish and yellow-seeded red radish. Seed weight 7.0 grams - 13.8 grams.

China's cultivated radish in botany collectively known as the Chinese radish, prevalent since ancient times, the Ming Dynasty has spread throughout the country. Over the years, many excellent varieties have been formed, including the Northeast Green Star large red radish, Tianjin green radish is one of the best local varieties.

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