The husband of heaven and earth, the inverse of everything; Time flies, and a hundred generations fly by. And floating like a dream, for joy geometry? The ancients walked by candlelight at night, not bad. Kuang Yangchun told me to smoke, and I made a big fake article. It will be a peach blossom garden and a happy family. Qun Ji Jun Xiu, all for Huilian; We sing, and we are ashamed of our happiness. You didn't get a reward. You can tell me. Give a banquet, sit on flowers, fly feathers and get drunk on the moon. Without a good hymn, why open your arms? If the poem fails, it will be punished according to the number of wines in Jingu.
Translation of Preface to Peach and Plum Gardens for Brothers in the Spring Banquet;
Heaven and earth, heaven and earth are the guest houses of all things, and time and one hundred generations are passers-by of eternal time. Just like the difference between dreaming and waking up, the situation changes and cannot be investigated. How much joy can you get? It makes sense for the ancients to play with candles at night. Besides, spring beckons me with gorgeous scenery, and nature has given me all kinds of beautiful images to gather in the Peach Blossom Garden to tell the happy past between brothers. My younger brothers are handsome and excellent, and they all have Xie Huilian's talent, but writing poems is not as good as Xie Lingyun. I am ashamed. Elegant appreciation interest is elegant, and the conversation turns to clear words and elegant language. Banquet and enjoy famous flowers, express wine glasses and get drunk in the moonlight. Without good poetry, how can you express elegant feelings? If someone fails to write poetry, it is necessary to follow Shi Chong's precedent of writing poetry in Jinguyuan.
Notes on Preface of Spring Banquet Brothers Peach and Plum Garden;
Reverse tourism: guest house.
Big chunks: natural.
Huilian: Xie Huilian, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his brother Xie Lingyun are also called "big and small thanks".
Entertainment: The Southern Song Dynasty writer Xie Lingyun and Xie Xuan's grandson attacked Gong.
The number of wines in Jingu: Jinguxi in Luoyang, banquet in Shi Chong in Shanxi. Those who failed to write poems were fined three times.
This essay is full of poetry, like a beautiful poem, which has been read by many families for a long time. Chou Ying, a great painter in the Ming Dynasty, also transformed it into a visual image and painted it into a picture, which has been passed down to this day.
Judging from the title, this is a chronicle. Generally speaking, a chronicle should contain six elements: who (who), when (when), where (where), what (what), how (how) and why (why). The title answers four elements: Who? The author and his followers. What time? Spring night. What place? Tao Liyuan, for what? Feast. This reveals the theme to a great extent. How can you be fascinating if you know the basic content of the article at a glance? However, as soon as I read the full text, I was immediately attracted by the strong artistic charm and intoxicated with the enjoyment of beauty. The reason is that the author gives a further and unique answer to the four elements that have been seen in the title by combining the remaining two elements, thus showing an artistic world with mixed scenes and beautiful scenery.
The full text begins with a discussion: "the husband of heaven and earth is the inverse of everything;" Time flies, and a hundred generations have passed. And floating like a dream, for joy geometry? The ancients walked by candlelight at night, good. " The editor of China's View on Ancient Literature said that this is the word "night", which means to answer "when". This is true; But not only that, but more importantly, it answers another element: "Why". You can "feast" during the day, why "feast at night"? It is precisely because "life is like a dream, it is fun", so we should eat, drink and be merry in time, even at night. The concept of "eat, drink and be merry" is negative in our view, but it is common among some intellectuals and dignitaries in feudal society. "Nineteen Ancient Poems" has a saying: "If you are less than 100 years old, you are always worried about your age. The days are short and the nights are long. Why not travel by candlelight? " Cao Pi's Quality Book, co-authored with Wu, said: "Those who are young and strong should really work hard. A year has passed, how can they climb? " The ancients thought it was good to travel by candlelight at night. "The genius of the author in writing is that he doesn't explain why he held the banquet, but only explains the reason of the ancient people's candlelight night outing. The reason of his banquet has come clean, and there is no trouble in the text.
"Spring beckons smoke to the scenery, a big note" is a well-known sentence. The editor of Guanzhi of China Ancient Literature said that it "points the word" spring ",that is, combined with the word" point night "in the first paragraph, took care of the topic and answered" time ". This is certainly not wrong; But it's more than that. It continues the first paragraph with a conjunction "situation" and further answers "why." Floating life is like a dream, for joy geometry ",so it should be a" night banquet "; What's more, it's the "night" of spring, "Yangchun" calls me with her "smoke scene", and "Chunkuai (heaven and earth)" dedicates her "article" to me, don't live up to it! Therefore, it is more important to have a "night" banquet. It is a famous sentence because it is really wonderful. First, only a few words reflect the characteristics of spring scenery. Spring sunshine, warm, red, so cute! "Spring" is preceded by the word "Yang", which visualizes spring and makes people feel warm and red. In spring, the earth's atmosphere rises, and all natural scenery such as flowers, willows, mountains and water is particularly charming. Of course, this is not a puff of smoke, but a wisp of smoke that permeates the air. The word "smoke" in front of "scene" shows this unique picture. Since then, the "spring smoke scene" has become a popular language, just like the "March fireworks" created by the author in the poem "Yellow Crane Tower, Yangzhou Farewell to Meng Haoran". Once used, it immediately reminds people of the beautiful scenery of spring. As for calling everything between heaven and earth "articles", it can also give people a feeling of flying literary talent and pleasing to the eye. Second, these two sentences personify the aesthetic object. That "Yangchun" is affectionate, and she calls me with a beautiful "smoke scene"; That "blockbuster" is also affectionate, and she dedicated that gorgeous "article" to me. In this case, as the aesthetic subject, "I" can be ruthless! Nature embraced the host and guests, and they merged together.
The following is the main body of the full text, including six elements, and revolves around "how". This is very important. Imagine if you hold a farewell dinner with your brothers, there will be a scene "We drank all the wine, we feel unhappy, we are leaving, when the river mysteriously widens to the full moon" (Bai Juyi's Pipa Tour), or a scene "You wake up tonight, the breeze in Yang Liuan is fading" (Liu Yong's Yu Linling), which is a great disappointment. Fortunately, this is not the case now. "Peach Blossom Garden" is not for farewell, but for "family happiness". This sentence not only matches the word "Huan" in the first paragraph of Geometry for Joy, but also gives it specific content. This is not any other "happiness", but the "happiness of family". It seems that the author and his brothers have been separated for a long time. As a "floating life" in feudal society, it is rare to enjoy family happiness! Now, we not only meet, but also meet in the colorful peach and plum garden. Yangchun not only told me to smoke, but also pretended to write an article. Here and now, "family happiness" is really a hundred times joy! Of course, different people have different methods of "order" for "family happiness". So, what kind of people are the author and his brothers? Xie Huilian, the younger brother of Xie Lingyun, a famous poet in the Southern Dynasties, is good at calligraphy and painting, so the author says that "all the younger brothers are handsome, and all of them are Hui Lian". Xie Huilian is compared with his younger brothers. Needless to say, Xie Lingyun is compared with himself. "We sing, we are ashamed of leisure", but that's just modesty. The characters are so handsome, and the conversation is natural and extraordinary. The next "You haven't been rewarded yet, you can talk about it", although it seems to be a two-line parallel, it is actually the former guest and the latter. The objects of the "reward" are Yangchun Scenery, Big Articles and Li Tao Fiona Fang written earlier. The content of "talk" is mainly "family happiness", but it can also include the object of "reward". The object of "reward" is too beautiful, and "reward" is "hidden reward"; The content of "talk" is so joyful that "talk" is "talk". Here, the beautiful scenery sets off pleasure, and appreciation encourages people to talk loudly, thus pushing the pleasure of * * * to * *.
The phrase "sitting with flowers at the dinner, flying feathers drunk with the moon" focuses on the "Peach and Plum Garden at the Spring Night Banquet", which is the flood peak aroused by the wave of joy. "Moon" is the moon of "Spring Night" and "Flower" is the flower of "Peach and Plum". When the brothers meet, the flowers and the moon meet, and it is fun to talk and talk, so it is a feast. The sentence "Fei Yu" is really well written! The biography of Han consorts leads the class and says, "Cherish feathers and eliminate troubles." Yan Shigu's note adopts Meng Kang's explanation: "Feather, Jue also. It has a head, a tail and wings. " Jue is the name of wine vessel; In ancient times, the word "Jue" and the word "sparrow" were linked together. The so-called "imperial shape" means that its wine vessel is shaped like a living sparrow, with a head, a tail and wings. Because it has wings, it is also called "Jue" as "feather". Ban mistakenly borrowed wine to drown his sorrows. Although he has feathers, he can only "think" but not "fly". Li Bai thought of the word "feather" and used the word "fly" vividly, vividly showing the scene of brothers drinking and reveling.
Although binge drinking can show revelry, just binge drinking is not "elegant". They are all poets, drinking is not enough, and they have to write poems. So he ended the whole article with the words "How to stretch and be elegant without masterpieces". The editor of China's View on Ancient Literature said: "Writing a few words at the end is a kind of singing, which is different from secular wanderers." Very pertinent.
From the beginning, the banquet was led out with the words "floating like a dream". Of course, today's ideological level is not high, but there are social reasons for Li Bai. Moreover, the opening paragraph is only to lead to the following; The word "Huan" is the keynote of the whole text. Under the word "love", the scenery is picturesque and the spring is full; Narrative is like seeing, full of healthy happiness. The artistic conception is lofty and the style is distinct. Reading the full text will not breed the negative emotion of "floating like a dream", but it can improve the spiritual realm while appreciating art, and love nature and life.
At the end of the poem, "Those who fail in poetry will be punished according to the amount of alcohol in Jingu", using the allusion of Shi Chong's Preface to Jingu Poetry (volume 33). There are similarities in genre and theme between this preface by Li Bai and the preface to Jingu Poetry. However, the preface to the Golden Valley poem says, "I feel that my life will never end, and I am afraid that I will never end", and my mood is very sad. Other similar works, such as Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Orchid Pavilion, although "looking up at the vastness of the universe and overlooking the richness of categories is enough to enjoy audio-visual entertainment and believe in coke", the ending is "sad in the text, can't be said", giving people a kind of "sad" sigh. Sun Chuo's Preface to the Orchid Pavilion on March 3rd (Volume 61) also said that "happiness is related to time, and sadness is also related to time", which happened to be Xu's. The same is true of Tao Yuanming's poem preface in "Biography of Wandering Evil": "Mourning the past of the sun and the moon, mourning my years", with a low tone. Until the early Tang Dynasty, there was still no such stereotype in banquet poems. Wang Bo's preface to Wang Teng-ting is also "alas! There are not many resorts, so it is difficult to have a grand feast; With Lanting gone, what about Xu Qiu? Li Bai also wrote banquets, but he completely got rid of the stereotype of "joy begets sorrow" and infected people with optimism. Compared with the similar works of the ancients, this article is really unique. "Nature is a wonderful article."