Because the shape of water chestnut is very similar to horseshoe and chestnut, everyone calls it horseshoe. Horseshoe originated in India and later spread widely all over the world. It is rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, carotene and carbohydrate, which can promote the peristalsis of large intestine and relieve dry stool. Its outer skin is actually deep purple, but the fruit inside is white, tender, sweet and juicy, and there is a lot of mucus, which has the effect of promoting body fluid and quenching thirst. Although its taste is sweet, it belongs to cold food, which can clear lung heat and play a role in resolving phlegm. The most important thing is that the elderly can use these things more, because they can lower blood pressure. In recent years, according to research, it also contains an antiviral substance that can inhibit the occurrence and spread of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis virus. Today, the author brought you its high-yield planting techniques, mainly including the following aspects: first, variety selection, second, water chestnut tissue culture and seedling raising, third, fixed value, and fourth, field management.

The old farmer introduced two varieties, Guiti No.1 and Tissue Culture Miao No.2, which are better than conventional varieties. These two varieties have very strong plant growth potential, virus-free seedlings, good stress resistance, high fruit yield and excellent quality. The main characteristics of Guiti 1 are thin skin, crisp and sweet, and good palatability. Guiti 2 is characterized by slightly thick skin, crisp and sweet, and easy storage and transportation. The average yield per mu of these two varieties can reach 5,000 to 8,000 kg, and the application probability of big fruit even reaches 65%, which is about 39 percentage points higher than the routine. Very popular with everyone.

1, seedling field preparation. Because the tissue culture seedlings are relatively weak, they cannot be directly used in field production. Before planting in the field, there must be two stages of seedling transplanting, and after cultivating strong seedlings and roots in each stage, they can enter the tissue culture seedlings for propagation. It is best to choose flat and fertile paddy fields, plant rice or other crops in the previous crop, and facilitate irrigation and drainage. Before seedling raising, the paddy field is combined with soil preparation and disinfection to apply sufficient base fertilizer, and decomposed farm manure 15 kg, calcium superphosphate 0.2 kg and lime 0.3 kg are applied per square meter, which are evenly mixed with a plow and harrow to make the soil muddy and pasty, and can be inserted after fermentation for a period of time. Picking or killing snail with withered tea leaves before inserting.

2. Seedling raising time and method. Generally, tissue culture seedlings begin to grow from mid-late April to early May, with 200 seedlings per mu. First-stage seedling raising: the first-stage seedling farm should be divided into compartments and furrowed, and the tissue culture seedlings can be directly transplanted into the first-stage field after being taken out of the culture bag and washed with clear water. The planting specification is 7 cm× 7 cm, and 200 seedlings are raised per square meter. After the insertion, bamboo pieces should be inserted in time, and the small arch shed should be covered with film and sunshade net to avoid rain, that is, the film should be covered in rainy days, and it will be cool day and night, and the sunshade net should be covered in sunny days. The sunshade net can not be removed until 7- 10 days after the seedlings grow and survive.

3. Fertilizer and water management in paddy fields. After transplanting to a field, it is mainly wet and dry alternately, which is beneficial to the tissue culture of seedling root system. In the second stage, it is advisable to tiller in shallow water for 2~3 cm, and then gradually return to water for 3~4 cm with the acceleration of plant growth. Tissue culture seedlings were transplanted for 7~ 10 days. When the seedlings turn green, apply 5 kilograms of decomposed dilute manure water per square meter. After 10, spraying 0.3%( 1 barrel water 1) potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves once every 7 days, and cooperating with spraying drugs to control pests and diseases. In case of continuous rainy days, fungicides should be sprayed immediately after the rain stops, seedlings should be tempered in the shed 10 days before transplanting, and topdressing should be stopped. After the second-stage field transplanting 10, apply 1 0.5 kg compound fertilizer and 1 kg urea every 33 square meters, and apply1times every/kloc-0 ~15 days, and stop fertilizing and refining on 10 days before transplanting. Pay attention to the prevention and control of stem blight and powdery mildew in the process of seedling raising. Propiconazole and tebuconazole can be sprayed every 10 day/time, and DuPont Ipoh or DuPont Fu Sheng can be used. Before transplanting 1 weekly spraying 1 time. Dupont-resistant and fipronil can be used to control white moth. Generally, each tissue culture seedling can propagate 15-20 production seedlings. If the number of breeding seedlings is too large, it is easy to cause low big fruit rate and small hooves.

1, field preparation. Water chestnut field should choose fertile and loose paddy field with solid subsoil, shallow tillage layer and convenient irrigation and drainage. Prepare the soil in time after the previous harvest, apply base fertilizer after two plows and two rakes, and make the soil soft and flat after raking.

2. Sowing and planting. Carefully pull up the water chestnut seedlings so as not to damage the plants and roots as much as possible. When planting, if the seedlings are too long, cut off the upper stems and leaves, leave the base 30~40 cm, soak the roots with 500 times solution of 60% carbendazim for 30 minutes, sow on the same day, and choose cloudy or sunny afternoon. The general planting time is from mid-July to early August. Before beginning of autumn, the earlier planting, the more favorable it is for multi-branching, multi-bud and big bud. Planting density and depth depend on planting time, soil depth and fertility. If the planting is early, the soil layer is shallow and the soil is fertile, the soil beside the roots should be smoothed conveniently when planting thinly, and then a layer of shallow water should be used to promote the living after planting.

In the process of planting, special attention should be paid to field management, including topdressing and water management. Fertilization should be combined with water management, and fertilization should be carried out according to different soils, with less application for many times in sand and mud fields and more application in soil and mud fields.

The author will talk about the most important point today, that is, topdressing. Three principles should be grasped when topdressing, the first is to stabilize the front, the second is to control the middle, and the third is to attack the back. It means that fertilization should be carried out according to the growth and development of different periods.

The first stage is a long period of camp sanitation from July to the end of August. ① Tillering fertilizer: after planting 10 day, apply 30kg compound fertilizer per mu. ② Plant-dividing fertilizer: 20 days after transplanting, 40 kg of compound fertilizer or 20 kg of urea and 20 kg of potassium sulfate are used for weeding per mu.

The second stage is from the end of August to the end of September, that is, the healthy growth period and the reproductive growth period. ③ Strong seedling fertilizer: 50 kg of artificial potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 0/50 ~ 200 kg of decomposed manure/kloc-per mu were applied in early September.

The third stage is bulb expansion (end of September-165438+1early October): ④ Fattening: around September 20th, 60- 100 kg potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied per mu. ⑤ Bulb swelling fertilizer: at the beginning of 10, 60- 100 kg potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied per mu.