1) Qixia, the giant of prehistoric ocean
In the ocean 530 million years ago, the fiercest predator was shrimps.
It has a pair of giant eyes with handles, a pair of segmented giant forelimbs for catching prey quickly, a beautiful big tail fan and a pair of long tail forks. Although it is not good at walking, it can swim quickly. The giant mouth with a diameter of 25 cm can prey on any large creature at that time, and there are annular external teeth in the mouth, which poses a great threat to those animals protected by mineralized exoskeletons. This is a carnivore with strong attack ability, and its individual can reach more than 2 meters at most, while most other animals were only a few millimeters to a few centimeters on average at that time.
The most complete fossil of strange shrimp appears in the shale of Maotianshan Mountain.
1992, a highway was built on the northern slope of Maotian Mountain, which was pushed out by bulldozers for a huge section, giving the opportunity to find strange shrimp fossils. At the beginning of the first specimen, only the end of the front appendage was exposed. Driven by curiosity, Zhou of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology restored it in the field. When a pair of complete front appendages and head were exposed, she couldn't help shouting excitedly.
The appearance of the first exotic shrimp specimen leads to the appearance of the third complete exotic shrimp. In fact, this "third" strange shrimp fossil was collected by Zhu of Nanguo Institute as early as 1990, but its strange shape was confusing at first, so it was left out in the office tray for nearly two years. With the recovery of the specimen, a complete and fierce predator image appeared in front of people.
The diet of kiwi shrimp may include other carnivores. It has such a big body, such a big mouth and such a pair of big catching organs. It can prey on the biggest creatures at that time, and it will never only eat the creatures at the bottom of the food chain, because its claws are too thick, so it is not so easy to catch tiny food.
No one would have thought that kiwi shrimp was not the "fittest" in the ocean at that time. It can be called the "Big Mac" in the ocean. It is at the top of the food chain and can easily catch enough food, but no other creatures can threaten its survival. However, just like dinosaurs that once dominated on land, kiwi shrimp has long since become extinct. When and why did it disappear from the earth forever? This is another unsolved mystery.
It has a pair of giant eyes with handles, a pair of segmented giant forelimbs for catching prey quickly, a beautiful big tail fan and a pair of long tail forks. Although it is not good at walking, it can swim quickly. The giant mouth with a diameter of 25 cm can prey on any large creature at that time, and there are annular external teeth in the mouth, which poses a great threat to those animals protected by mineralized exoskeletons.
This is a carnivore with strong attack ability, and its individual can reach more than 2 meters at most, while most other animals at that time were only a few millimeters to a few centimeters on average.
2) Crocodile/Crocodile King
Latin name: Sarcosuchus imperator
Body length: 12m
Weight: 1 1 ton
Food: meat
Age of existence: Early Cretaceous
Location: Africa Ocean
Type: crocodile
Origin:
Crocodiles are also called muscle crocodiles, and the Latin name of the muscle crocodile-emperor is "muscle crocodile-emperor". Therefore, it is called the king crocodile.
The pronunciation of [Sarcosuchus imperator] is (SARK-oh-SOOK-us).
Unveil the mystery of the ancient super crocodile! This 12-meter-long alligator was officially published in American Science magazine on Thursday [20065438+065438+124 October]! The protagonist of the legendary African coastal slaughterhouse finally unveiled the mystery. ...
Paleontologists believe that the crocodile may be as long as 40 feet (12 meters), weigh 10 tons (1 1 ton), be about 50-60 years old, and live in the early Cretaceous period 654.38+654.38+million years ago. The discoverer is a professor at the University of Chicago. He said: "The information released this time was discovered in the Niger desert in central and western Africa last year. This crocodile is the largest crocodile fossil discovered so far, which is of great significance. The earliest discovery was in 1964. "
This report about crocodile is based on its head fossil and 50% bones. Crocodiles have a slender head, about 6 feet long (1.8 meters), supporting a lower jaw embedded with more than 100 teeth. The crocodile's front jaw is very lethal, strong and tapered. It has powerful front teeth-a lock that locks the upper and lower jaws! What a wonderful design this is! Salino marveled that this was the most incredible building he had ever seen.
So what is the crocodile's food? Salino speculated that it should hunt like a living alligator. Modern crocodiles living in African rivers usually catch wildebeests and zebras-first drag them into the water and drown them, and then slowly tear them up and eat them. In the early Cretaceous, some small mammals and medium-sized dinosaurs were often in the stomachs of king crocodiles. When they drink water by the river, crocodiles will attack quickly and insert more than 100 teeth into their prey.
Crocodiles also have a very unique structure that allows them to live on the coast for a long time-the bottom of the crocodile's eye socket turns upwards, which can greatly increase the visual range.
This discovery also influenced the study of fossil age. Crocodiles or Gaskin have some "growth rings" on their legs, which we translate as "growth rings". Crocodiles have more than 40 growth rings, so Paul speculated that their age was about 50 ~ 60 years old.
Xinhuanet 65438+1October 30th The latest paleontological survey found that dinosaurs were not the only rulers on the earth about 1. 1 billion years ago.
Paleontologists at the University of Chicago in the United States recently discovered the fossil of a giant crocodile in Tesanel, Niger. The scientific name of this crocodile is "Sarcosuchus", which means "King of Crocodiles". At the same time, these researchers were surprised to find that this crocodile living in water can be called a "monster". It is about12m long and weighs 10t, which is five times larger than the largest crocodile that people can see now10-/kloc-0. Moreover, this crocodile and dinosaur were in the same period-Cretaceous, and it was one of the most ferocious carnivores at that time. What surprised the researchers even more was that in ancient times when dinosaurs were rampant, this crocodile sometimes preyed on dinosaurs. So, how did it kill dinosaurs?
The researchers found that unlike many ancient crocodiles living in shallow waters, this reptile crocodile takes rivers as its home. At that time, this land was covered with dense forests and countless rivers crisscrossed. This crocodile lives in these wide rivers. Whenever dinosaurs feel hungry, crocodiles drinking water by the river is the best time to kill dinosaurs.
This crocodile can prey on dinosaurs mainly because it has a very special body structure. Its nose has a huge bulbous protuberance with a cavity in it. This makes its sense of smell extremely sensitive and can make strange sounds. Moreover, this super crocodile has unusual teeth. Compared with the general fish-eating animals, its mandibular teeth are not only staggered with the maxillary teeth, but also accurately embedded in them. Among 100 teeth, a row of front teeth can crush bones and tear prey as huge as dinosaurs. In addition, its eyes are inexplicably tilted upwards.
Whenever dinosaurs go to the river to drink water, crocodiles hide their bodies weighing more than ten tons underwater, with only one pair of eyes exposed on the water. Then, it slowly approached its prey, waiting for an opportunity to launch a sudden attack. In this way, many dinosaurs became its delicious meal in the blink of an eye, and sometimes it is difficult for giant dinosaurs to escape such bad luck.
In addition, there is a flaky bone "armor" on the crocodile's skin. These "armor" not only mark the age of crocodiles like tree rings, but also protect crocodiles from harm when preying on prey. As a matter of fact, as early as 1964, French scientists had excavated the skull fossils of this crocodile in Niger. Later, the archaeological team of the University of Chicago led by Paul Sereno also excavated some similar fossils in 1997 and 2000 respectively. But these incomplete fossils only remind researchers that this crocodile may exist. Recent discoveries show that this crocodile may be the largest crocodile in biological history.
As paleontologist Paul Sereno said in an interview, at that time, this crocodile was very powerful, probably the kind of thing that gave dinosaurs nightmares.
3) Crocodile (Denosuchus)
die - noh - sook-uhs
Name meaning: "terrible crocodile"
Time: 65 million years ago
Fossil origin: western North America
Size: body length 15m.
One of the largest carnivores so far is longer than Tyrannosaurus Rex, the largest carnivorous dinosaur of its generation. It may eat dinosaurs.
The Mesozoic biosphere was not entirely dominated by dinosaurs-
No matter in the impression of the general public or in the eyes of paleontologists, dinosaurs were well-deserved hegemons in the Mesozoic era hundreds of millions of years ago. Recently, however, an expedition composed of 12 paleontologists found a super crocodile in the Amazon basin in northern Peru. It is 13 meters long and weighs 9 tons, which is as long as a bus. People have found fatal scars left by giant crocodiles on various dinosaur bone fossils excavated, including Tyrannosaurus Rex, which is extremely fierce and invincible in the world. During the Cretaceous period, which was formed about 1. 1 100 million years ago, crocodiles were well-deserved "kings of carnivores".
13 meter long crocodile fossil found in Amazon basin of Peru.
In the summer of 2005, an expedition composed of 12 paleontologists visited the Amazon basin in northern Peru. The local forests are lush, the rivers are densely covered and the air is extremely hot and humid. This is an inaccessible tropical rainforest. However, such an environment is a "paradise" in the eyes of paleontologists, where all kinds of ancient animals and plants can grow freely, presenting an endless and moving scene. The Amazon river basin is the most famous crocodile producing area in the world, and the fierce blunt-headed crocodiles and wide-billed crocodiles are the hegemons here. The expedition crossed the forest carefully so as not to disturb those terrible neighbors.
One day at the end of August, the explorers found some strange stones under the dense bushes. After careful observation, experienced explorers immediately judged that this was an animal fossil. Subsequently, after painstaking and meticulous excavation, they dug up some huge jawbone fossils, tooth fossils and some vertebrate fossils from Cretaceous river sediments formed about 1. 1 100 million years ago. These paleontologists are puzzled by the huge fossil bones found: it is different from any dinosaur fossils reported before, but it is very similar to the bones of crocodiles that often shuttle, but the huge body pieced together can't make people believe that it is a crocodile, because compared with the body of modern crocodiles, which is more than 3 meters long, this devil-like guy is really amazing.
The expedition also used these fossils to spell out the crocodile skull: it is 1.3 meters long and its teeth are 5 centimeters long. According to the ratio of crocodile's head to its length, paleontologists speculate that this giant crocodile can reach 13 meters in length and 2.5 meters in width, which is five times of 10 to 15 times that of the largest crocodile in modern times and weighs 9 tons, which is even heavier than the fierce Tyrannosaurus Rex. Moreover, the teeth of this crocodile have not aged at all, and it is estimated that they should grow to 16 to more than 20 meters long. Because reptiles can increase their body length almost infinitely with age.
The super crocodile is a cruel killer. It can tear apart the body of Tyrannosaurus Rex.
On September 9th, Dolf Salas, the leader of the expedition and a paleontologist at the National Museum of History in Peru, introduced the discovery to the media. He said that no matter from the size of the super crocodile or its physiological structure, this big guy is a cruel killer. It is powerful across bones and powerful, and it can produce tens of thousands of pounds of impact with a flick of its tail. The alligator's long and narrow mouth has more than 100 sharp fangs, as well as deep complex teeth with tight occlusion (that is, the upper incisors and canine teeth protrude too much from the lower teeth), which is enough to tear up giant Tyrannosaurus Rex and giant tortoise. Their nostrils and eyes protrude from their faces. Like today's Indian crocodiles, when hunting in the water, they can hide their huge bodies in the water, but their eyes just float on the water and observe the prey on the shore at any time.
Salas also said that this precious discovery in the Amazon forest should prove that the current Amazon jungle was once an inland sea and may be connected with the Caribbean Sea. He also painted a scene for everyone: a huge crocodile with a length of 13 meters is hidden in a huge lake, eyeing and ready to go. A group of dinosaurs are drinking water carefully. Suddenly, the crocodile opened its jaws and pounced on its prey. Its sharp giant teeth instantly pierced the dinosaur's hard skin. ...
Crocodile fossils have been found many times around the world.
Previously, evidence of the existence of various crocodiles was found all over the world. 1892, people dug up some huge bone fragments and teeth, which were considered by experts to be a terrible giant crocodile fossil, and later named this crocodile "Afraid of Crocodiles". Scientists have also found many bones of hadrosaurs near crocodile fossils, some of which are still scarred. Some paleontologists believe that these scars are most likely caused by "crocodile phobia". The herbivorous hadrosaur can reach more than 9 meters in height and its estimated weight can reach 12 tons, which is twice that of ordinary crocodiles. However, 75 million years ago, when these huge hadrosaurs came to the swamp shore to find water to drink, they were bitten to the ground by crocodiles much smaller than themselves and eaten alive. This scene is really scary.
1997 to 2000, in the "Gadufaowa" area of sub-Saharan Africa, which means "the place where camels dare not enter", paleontologists collected 20 tons of fossils, including several complete ancient crocodile skulls about 1.8 meters long and a large number of fossils such as spines, limb bones and scales, which were enough to constitute half of the complete bones of an ancient crocodile. Facing the assembled fossil individuals, people are dumbfounded: this crocodile is as long as a bus, with a length of more than 12 meter from beginning to end and an estimated weight of more than 8 tons. "Big mouth" is far from enough to describe its big mouth, because its mouth alone is 1.8 meters long, and there are more than 100 dagger-like fangs in it. The paleontologists of the expedition named this crocodile "the king of carnivores". The crocodile was covered with hard scales from beginning to end. Each scale is about 30 cm in diameter and has annual rings as long as trees. Paleontologists carefully counted the annual rings on the scales of crocodiles and figured out that its average age should be 50 to 60 years old.
They believe that this absolutely horrible giant reptile lived in the middle Cretaceous of Mesozoic, between 1. 1 billion years and 90 million years ago, but it is not the direct ancestor of modern crocodiles, but only a close relative. The embryonic form of modern crocodiles appeared in the late Triassic of Mesozoic 230 million years ago, and then differentiated into many species. In the early Jurassic, they divided into two completely different branches, one in water and the other on land.
David Swing, a paleontologist at Columbia State University in the United States, acquiesced that super crocodile fossils can be said to be slightly inferior to dinosaur fossils in the prehistoric archaeological history of the earth. This great discovery fills a historical gap in the evolutionary history of crocodiles on earth, which is helpful to help human beings further understand the evolutionary history of life on earth.
Paul Cheronneau, an American paleontologist, pointed out that some giant crocodiles were found in Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata, which showed that giant crocodiles not only existed with dinosaurs at the same time, but also lasted until the Cenozoic when dinosaurs became extinct. Giant crocodiles have appeared many times in the history of biological evolution, which strongly proves the diversity of biological ecology and evolution. Some experts believe that the discovery of these prehistoric crocodiles poses a great challenge to the traditional concept of paleontology-whether the Mesozoic biosphere is really dominated by dinosaurs as expected. Judging from the excavated fossils, crocodiles can not only coexist with dinosaurs, but also seem to be more fierce than dinosaurs. More importantly, they can avoid the extinction catastrophe at the end of Cretaceous, and maybe they are the real rulers of the earth.
4) Megalodon
According to the available information, it is a giant shark that lived about 25 million-10.6 million years ago, also called sawtooth shark.
Because sharks are cartilaginous fish, if most fossils can be left, only their teeth can be found. At present, only triangular teeth with large palms are found, which are generally about 13- 17 cm long, which is several times that of great white sharks. Moreover, the closer the age is, the closer the tooth structure is to the modern great white shark, and sharp edge serrations begin to appear, although no complete maxilla and maxilla are found. However, according to the estimation of the tooth size, this shark is about 13- 16 meters and weighs about 20-30 tons, with a wide mouth with a diameter of 1.7-2. 1 meter. But I think this is just a speculation based on the similarity between the tooth shape and the modern great white shark, and there is no complete skeleton. Perhaps only a few bighead carp have such big teeth and such a small size, and it may be even more frightening than scientists have speculated. All these things can't be verified correctly until the technology advances again or the complete bones are found again or there is more conclusive evidence.
It is reported that about 50 fishermen in Steven Harbor, Australia, saw a "great white shark" on February 6, 2008 +09 18: about 33 meters long, almost as big as the pier. There has never been such a huge shark among the existing sharks, and it is not excluded that fishermen may exaggerate the facts because they are scared. However, this ridiculously large figure seems to indicate that it is really a big guy.
Some experts suspect that it may be a big tooth shark.
At present, people only have the tooth fossils of the great tooth shark, which is estimated to be as long as three great white sharks. It has big teeth and may feed on whales. Living 25 million to 2 million years ago.
But most scientists believe that Megalodon is extinct: "If Megalodon is still alive, even if we can't find it, we will find a whale carcass with large bite marks."
"About 2 million years ago, the earth's water cycle changed and the upwelling decreased. Due to the lack of food, a large number of whales died and the number of whales decreased. The tooth shark couldn't find enough food and became extinct. "
Will the Megalodon turn into the deep sea? To some extent, we know more about the surface of the moon than the deep sea. There are creatures in the abyss, such as bat fish, tide insects and sharks-six-gill sharks. But such a big shark has not been found. Sperm whales can dive to an average depth of 900 meters to find giant squid. Will a Megalodon ambush whales here?
There are indeed many unknown animals. Since the discovery of 1860, yellow hairtail (about 6 meters, with mane) has only appeared dozens of times. 1976 found a shark with a big mouth, and then found another shark. After adding a tracker, it is known that it moves in the deep sea during the day and reaches the shallow sea at night.
If there is a big mouth shark, why is there no possibility of a big tooth shark?
The Super Shark in History-Megalodon Megalodon (Megalodon)
It is more than twice as long as the great white shark, and its teeth are 2 1 cm long. It is the ultimate predator.
Body length of cartilaginous fish: up to 16m.
Feeding habit: meat
Natural enemies: none
Megalodon's mouth can reach two meters in diameter, and its body is strong and streamlined. Megalodon can prey on anything in the sea, but it likes to prey on whales best. Other marine mammals are also on its plate.
Adult Megalodon sharks prey in the open ocean, and their young side lives in offshore waters. Megalodon attacks animals that breathe in the sea.
Megalodon sharks can swim quickly in a short distance and attack prey. When hunting large prey, Megalodon may attack its tail or fin first, making it unable to swim, and then pay it back.
Its body is strong and streamlined, and it can hunt any creature in the sea, but it likes hunting whales best. Other marine mammals are also on its plate. Adult Megalodon sharks prey in the open ocean, and their young side lives in offshore waters. Megalodon attacks animals that breathe in the sea. Megalodon sharks can swim quickly in a short distance and attack prey. When hunting large prey, Megalodon may attack its tail or fin first, making it unable to swim, and then pay it back.
It is speculated that the reason for its extinction is that about 2 million years ago, the earth's water cycle changed and the upwelling decreased. Due to lack of food, a large number of whales died, and the diversity of whale species declined. Megalodon couldn't find enough food and became extinct.
5) Trilobites
In animal taxonomy, trilobites belong to vertebrate phylum and trilobite class. They lived in the ancient ocean, mainly in CAMBRIAN, and reached their peak in the late CAMBRIAN. Since then, trilobites have declined from the peak to the end of Permian, and did not enter Mesozoic. Trilobites thrived in the long geological history of more than 300 million years in Paleozoic era, producing numerous taxa and huge numbers, totaling 1500 genera and 10000 species.
The shape of trilobites is mostly oval or oval, but the individual size varies greatly. Schizophyllum uranosum, found in Ordovician strata in Portugal, is one of the largest trilobites, with a length of 70 cm. However, tiny trilobites, such as archaeophaga and ladybug, are less than 6 mm, and common trilobites are generally 3 to 10 cm long and 1 3 cm wide. Anything over 20 cm is considered large. Grubs with a body length of 30 cm were found in the Early Cambrian strata in Kunming, China.
Trilobite fossils are widely distributed all over the world, so it is very important for stratigraphic division. But at the same time, many trilobites have local characteristics, so it is of great significance to divide the sea area at that time and then restore the biogeographic flora at that time.
Although trilobites lived a long time ago, scientists have a good understanding of their morphology, structure and other characteristics. The main reasons are as follows: first, trilobites are covered by solid crustaceans, and they have experienced many times of shelling and growth during their individual development, so they leave more fossils in the stratum than other organisms; Secondly, there are few animals bigger and fiercer than trilobites in the Cambrian ocean, so they can multiply rapidly and distribute widely. In addition, trilobite fossils are mostly preserved in fine limestone or shale, so we can clearly observe not only the characteristics of the shell, but also its internal structure sometimes.
The main feature of trilobites is the dorsal shell structure, and there is a prominent "head saddle" in the center of the head, which may be the place where the brain is placed. Some of the surface of the head saddle is smooth and unadorned, some are dotted with tumor spots, and some have varying numbers of transverse grooves. These transverse sulcus are called "head saddle sulcus". There are usually a pair of eyes on both sides of the saddle. There is a groove in front of and behind the eyes, which is called "surface line". This is where trilobites use their shells to drill out of their bodies during their growth. There are a pair of segmented tentacles at the front end of the head and abdomen, which are both acting organs and sensory organs. Behind the tentacles is a feeding mouth, usually covered with a "lip". There are many small and segmented moving organs on both sides of the mouth-appendages with fine cilia, which can probably play a role in breathing.
The trilobite's chest is divided into several segments, many of which reach more than ten segments, and a few of which are only divided into two segments. The parts are connected in the shape of shingles (that is, one piece covers the other, just like the tiles on the roof), which is easy to curl. There are many segmented appendages on both sides of the ventral surface of trilobites, and the appendages have cilia, so these appendages are also used for negative movements and breathing. The trilobite's tail, like the chest, is longitudinally divided into the central axis and its ribs on both sides, with various shapes; Some have thorns on the edge of the tail, and some have no thorns.
Trilobites have a variety of living habits, the most common kind of fossils are preserved in limestone or shale, which shows that most of them lived in shallow sea bottom or swam on mud at that time. Some of them can swim, while others go with the flow. In the Middle Silurian, almost all the teeth were surrounded by dense long spines, which were powerful propellers for them to swim in the water, so it can be inferred that they were experts in swimming. At the same time, these long thorns are also effective weapons against natural enemies. This type of trilobite mainly appeared from Ordovician to Devonian, when nautilus, horseshoe crab and fish associated with it were natural enemies of trilobite. If trilobites don't enhance their swimming ability and defensive weapons, how can they continue to survive and reproduce in such a competitive environment?
Some Ordovician trilobites, such as twins, strabismus, cryptocephalus, etc. , but also developed the ability to curl, their heads and tails can be completely close together, only showing the hard shell on their backs; They can also drill into the mud to protect their soft abdominal organs, so that on the one hand, it is convenient to defend the enemy, on the other hand, it can also push the body forward in a way similar to inchworm stretching and bending.
For the individual development process of trilobites, scientists usually study it by collecting samples of the same individual at different growth stages at the same level. The individual development of trilobites can be roughly divided into three periods-infancy, middle age and adulthood. Larvae head and tail are not clear, and there are no thoracic segments, and the diameter is about 0.24-1.3 mm. The head and tail of middle-aged worms have been separated and the thoracic segments have developed, but the number of segments is less than that of adults. In the adult stage, the number of nodes in the chest and tail of the worm increases to the limit, the worm body increases, and thorns, tumors and other appendages appear on the shell.
Since the emergence of trilobites in the early Cambrian, the main structural characteristics of each part have gradually changed in the whole system evolution. These changes mainly include the following aspects: 1, changes in the shape of the head saddle: the shape of the head saddle of primitive trilobites in the early CAMBRIAN was mostly long cone, and the bulge was not obvious. Later, after the Middle Cambrian, the head saddle gradually became shorter, and the two sides tended to be parallel, becoming cylindrical, and some even became spherical. By the late Cambrian and later trilobites, even the boundary between the head saddle and its cheeks on both sides was unclear. 2. The change of the position of the posterior branch of the epigraph: the end point of the posterior branch of the epigraph of the early trilobite (that is, the posterior epigraph of the eye) often intersects with the posterior margin of the head or the buccal angle; Later, after Ordovician, it often intersects with both sides of the head. 3, eye changes: the eyes of some trilobites. It was crescent-shaped in the early stage, then gradually became smaller and finally disappeared. Another trilobite with more developed compound eyes, the eyes change from small to large, and finally there will be an eye stalk, and the eyes grow on the eye stalk. Many Silurian trilobites belong to this category. 4. Changes of long spines around the body: Trilobites in Cambrian and Ordovician rarely have long spines, while Silurian and later species have more long spines, and the spines are more complicated than before. 5. The trend that the thoracic segment changes from small to small, the tail changes from small to large, and the transverse groove on the head saddle changes from small to small is also manifested in many types of trilobites.
As we all know, trilobite is a crustacean, which lived in the shallow sea of Paleozoic 600 million years ago and became extinct at noon 280 million years ago. However, it was two million years after the trilobites were extinct for more than 200 million years that humans appeared. The age of human life is more than 270 million years different from that of loose leaves, and the history of human wearing shoes is only three or four thousand years at most. If a leather shoe steps on a trilobite, it will definitely make geologists, biologists and archaeologists all over the world stunned.
However, such an unimaginable strange thing happened!
1June, 968, American amateur fossil lover Mister went to Antelope Springs, Utah to collect fossils. He was accompanied by his wife and two daughters, as well as his friend Shep and their daughters. After they found several trilobite fossils, when Mister cracked a 4 cm thick stone with a hammer, the stone actually "opened like a book" and a miracle appeared. "On an almost intact trilobite fossil, a person's footprint was clearly stepped on, and that" person "was wearing leather shoes!
This leather shoe is 28 cm long and 8.5 cm wide. At that time, he seemed to step on a live trilobite, and his heel was slightly deeper than the sole. Just like the shoe prints of ordinary people today, Mister, who was extremely surprised, showed this fossil to Professor Kirk of the University of Utah. Kirk suggested that he go to a geologist for examination. Unable to find a suitable inspector at the moment, Mr. Wang published the news and his photo on the local news. Soon, the news spread all over the United States and caused a sensation among scientists in many countries. Madison, director of the Earth Science Museum of the University of Utah, said at a news conference: "600 million years ago, there were no humans on the earth, and there were no monkeys or other animals that could leave footprints similar to humans. So, before vertebrates even existed, what humanoid animals walked on this planet? "
Later tests proved that the rocks where the footprints were found did belong to the CAMBRIAN era. Professor Kirk, who has seen this fossil, thinks that trilobites and people wearing leather shoes probably lived in the same era.
On July 20th, 1968, Dr Clifford Bodick, a geography consultant from Arizona, visited Antelope Spring. He soon found a child's footprint on a layer of shale. He said, "The footprints are six inches long and the toes are separated. It seems that you have never worn shoes, because shoes will close your toes. The arch of the foot is not obvious and the big toe is not prominent. " Footprints were given to two geographers and a paleontologist. One of the geographers agrees that this is a human footprint, but paleontologists think there is no biological factor. Dr. Batica insisted on his point of view:
Before the footprint was found, the rock just broke through the front of the toe, showing a clear dense layer, which was sunken at the toe, indicating that something heavy crushed the soil.
In August, 1968, Mr. Dimbit, an educator of the public school system in Salt Lake City, claimed to have found two other shoe prints in Antilope Spring. According to Professor Cook, no trilobites were trampled, but a trilobite was found in the same rock near the footprint, indicating that this small marine creature may be in the same era as the tramp wearing sandals.