Today's introduction of China's raisin varieties are mainly two:
One is the fruit bright red or bright purplish-red, glossy, very beautiful appearance of the red raisin, called "red earth", also known as "late red". Young leaves light purple, smooth leaf surface, the back of the leaf has sparse hairs. Adult leaves are larger, heart-shaped, 5-lobed, moderately fissured, smooth and glossy, and the backs of the leaves are not hairy. Flowers bisexual. Fruit grains are loosely attached. Fruiting spikes generally weigh about 800 grams, the largest spike weight 2500 grams. The average grain weight is 13 grams, and the maximum grain weight is 25 grams. No fruit cracking, no rotten fruit, no seed drop. Fruit skin medium thick, difficult to peel, sugar content of 18-20 degrees, fresh taste crisp, sweet mouth, not sour, not astringent, excellent taste, resistance to storage and transportation, natural storage can be up to more than 3 months, constant temperature kiln storage can be stored until May of the following year, successive storage up to more than 8 months.
Budding in early and mid-March, mid- and late-March show the first true leaves. Fruit ripening in late September. Vigorous growth potential, early fruiting period, planted in the second year on the fruit, the third year mu (1 mu: 667 square meters, the same below) yield 2000 kg or more. Another variety for the fruit purple-black, bright as paint, fruit powder, the appearance of the black raisin, called "autumn black". Fruit grains in the spike bearing close, and the size of the same, the spike shape is beautiful. Average spike weight 750 grams, the largest spike weight 1700 grams. The grains are broadly ovoid, with thick skin. The flesh is yellowish green, can be cut into slices, crisp and sweet, containing sugar 18-20 degrees, excellent quality. ripe in mid-September. Fruit grains attached firmly, tensile strength, very resistant to storage and transportation, can be stored until March of the following year, disease resistance and high yield, the second year after planting began to hang fruit, the third year of mu yield can reach more than 2000 kilograms, the fourth or fifth year into the fruiting season.
In addition, the market can also be seen on the "Victoria" and "August" two European species of grapes. The former greenish yellow, the latter golden yellow. Fruit hardness, sugar content of more than 18 degrees, sweet flavor, good quality, not easy to drop grains, disease resistance, high yield, in July, late maturity.
Nutritional value:
Composition
⒈ raisin in the sugar is mainly glucose, can be quickly absorbed by the body. When the body appears hypoglycemia, if you drink grape juice in time, you can quickly make the symptoms ease
Peak French scientists found that raisins can better than aspirin to prevent thrombosis, and can reduce the level of serum cholesterol in the human body, reduce platelet coagulation, on the prevention of cardio-cerebral vascular disease has a certain role
Flavonoids in the raisin is a potent antioxidant, can be Anti-aging, and can remove free radicals from the body
Sung raisins contain an anti-cancer trace element that can prevent healthy cells from becoming cancerous and stop the spread of cancer cells. Grape juice can help organ implant surgery patients to reduce rejection and promote early recovery. Nutrients per 100 grams of grapes are as follows: Calories (43.00 kcal) Proteins (0.50 g) Fats (0.20 g) Carbohydrates (10.30 g) Dietary Fiber (0.40 g) Vitamin A? (8.00 mcg) Carotene (50.00 mcg)? Thiamine? (0.04 mg) Riboflavin? (0.02 milligrams)? Niacin? (0.20 mg) Vitamin C (25.00 mg)? Vitamin E?(0.70 mg) Calcium (5.00 mg) Phosphorus (13.00 mg) Sodium (1.30 mg) Magnesium (8.00 mg) Iron (0.04 mg) Zinc (0.18 mg) Selenium (0.20 mcg) Copper (0.09 mg) Manganese (0.06 mg) Potassium (104.00 mg)
Therapeutic effects
The raisins are flat, Sweet and sour flavor, into the lung, spleen, kidney meridian; have tonic blood, liver and kidney, fluid, strong bones and muscles, cough to remove the annoyance, tonifying blood and qi, the efficacy of urinary.
The main treatment of qi and blood weakness, lung deficiency cough, palpitations and night sweating, rheumatism and paralysis, gonorrhea, swelling and other conditions, can also be used for spleen weakness, shortness of breath, edema, urinary disorders, and other conditions such as auxiliary treatment.
1. Anti-virus kill bacteria: grapes contain natural polymerization of phenol, can be synthesized with viruses or bacteria in the proteins, so that they lose the ability to infect diseases, especially for hepatitis viruses, poliovirus, etc. has a very good effect on killing.
2. Cancer prevention and anti-cancer: grapes contain a compound called resveratrol, which can prevent normal cells from becoming cancerous and inhibit the spread of malignant cells, and has strong anti-cancer and anti-cancer functions.
3. Anti-anemia: Grapes contain vitamin B12 with anti-pernicious anemia, especially red wine made from fermented grapes with skin, containing about 12-15 mg of vitamin B12 per liter. Therefore, often drink red wine, beneficial to the treatment of pernicious anemia.
4. Reduce gastric acid choleretic: modern pharmacological research has proved that grapes also contain vitamin P, 15 grams of grape seed oil orally to reduce gastric acid toxicity, 12 grams orally to achieve the effect of choleretic, and thus can be used for the treatment of gastritis, enteritis and vomiting.
5. Anti atherosclerosis: research has found that wine in the plasma to increase high-density lipoprotein at the same time, can reduce the content of low-density lipoprotein. Low-density lipoprotein can cause atherosclerosis, and high density lipoprotein not only does not cause atherosclerosis, but also anti-atherosclerosis effect. Therefore, eating grapes (wine) can reduce the death caused by coronary heart disease. At the same time, grapes have a high content of potassium, which can help the body accumulate calcium, promote kidney function and regulate the number of heart beats.
6. Tonic and excitatory cerebral nerves: grape fruit, glucose, organic acids, amino acids, vitamins are rich in content, can be tonic and excitatory cerebral nerves, on the treatment of neurasthenia and eliminate excessive fatigue has a certain effect.
7. Diuretic, swelling and tire: According to Li Shizhen records, the roots, vines, leaves and other grapes have a very good diuretic, swelling, tire, can treat pregnancy malnutrition, vomiting, swelling and other diseases.
Skin
The skin of raisin is rich in a kind of polyhydroxyphenolic compounds---resveratrol, which has the effect of lowering blood lipids, anti-thrombosis, preventing atherosclerosis, and enhancing immunity.
Tannin, another important substance in raisin skin, has the effect of anti-allergy, delaying aging, enhancing immunity and preventing cardiovascular diseases.
The anthocyanins contained in raisin skin have strong antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, reduce liver dysfunction, cardiovascular protection and other functions.
The raisin skin also has an anticancer effect, the United States of Illinois University of Pharmacy researchers found that this substance in peanut rice, raisins and other 70 kinds of plants are more or less in the presence of, and especially the raisin skin and red wine in the most.
Because most of the raisins currently on the market have pesticide residue problems, it's important to wash raisins before eating them with their skins. It is best to first rinse with water, with detergents that can effectively remove pesticide components, cleaning for more than two minutes. However, it is not advisable to use water, salt water soaking, because the water soaking is easy to promote the surface of the raisin pesticide residues penetrate into the pulp.
Suitable for the crowd
The general population can be applied.
1 ⒈ nephritis, hypertension, edema patients, children, pregnant women, anemia patients, neurasthenia, overworked, tired and weak, before the old man, lung deficiency, cough, night sweats, rheumatic arthritis, limb pain in the muscles and bones, cancer patients are especially suitable for consumption
Peak diabetic, constipation is not advisable to eat more; cold spleen and stomach should not be eaten more than food, more than one will be a person with diarrhea.