The source comes from "Shen Nong's Materia Medica".

Pinyin name Gān Qī

English name Dried Lacquer

Alias: lacquer slag, lacquer bottom, lacquer foot, continued tube, black lacquer.

Source

Medicinal material source: It is the processed dry product of the resin of the Anacardiaceae plant.

Latin plant and animal mineral name: Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A.Barkl.[Rhus verniciflua Stokes]

Harvesting and storage: Cut the bark of the sumac tree and collect the resin that flows out by itself. Raw paint, the clump formed after drying is called dry paint. However, most of the products collect dry residue adhered to the wall or bottom of the paint vat, which is then used as medicine after being processed.

The original form of sumac is a deciduous tree, up to 20m high. The bark is gray-white, rough, with irregular longitudinal splits. The branchlets are thick and covered with brown pubescence. The winter buds are on the top of the branches, which are large and conspicuous and covered with brown-yellow hairs. The odd-numbered pinnate compound leaves are spiral, alternate, 22-75cm long; the petioles are 7-14cm long, puberulent, enlarged near the base, semicircular, and flat above; 4-6 pairs of leaflets, and the petiole is 4-7mm long. Oval, oval-elliptical or oblong, 6-13cm long, 3-6cm wide, apex acuminate or acute, base oblique, round or broadly cuneiform, entire margin, glabrous above or slightly hairy midrib. , there are fine hairs on the underside at first, and when old, the veins are densely covered with light brown pubescence. In the case of veins, there are 10-15 pairs, both sides are slightly convex, and the texture is membranous to thin paper. The panicle is 15-30cm long, covered with gray-yellow pubescence; the flowers are heterosexual or dioecious, yellow-green; the male flowers have 5 calyxes, ovate, about 0.8mm long; 5 petals, oblong, and the flowers are rolled out; the stamens 5. About 2.5mm long, inserted on the edge of the flower disc, filaments linear, anthers oblong; female flowers smaller than stamens, ovary spherical, 1-celled, about 1.5mm long, style 3. The infructescence is slightly drooping. The drupe is kidney-shaped or oval, not skewed, slightly flattened, 5-6mm long, 7-8mm wide. The exocarp is yellow, hairless, shiny, not cracked when mature, and the mesocarp is uneven and has Resin stripes, the core is brown, the same shape as the fruit, about 3mm long, 5mm wide, hard. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is from July to October.

Habitat distribution

Ecological environment: It grows in sunny hillside forests at an altitude of 800-2 800 (-3800) m, and is also cultivated.

Resource distribution: Distributed in all parts of the country except Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang.

Characteristics and Characteristics Identification: This product is in the shape of irregular lumps, dark brown or tan, with rough surface, honeycomb-like pores or granular and shiny. It is hard, not easy to break, has an uneven cross section, and has a special odor. When exposed to fire, it will emit black smoke and the paint smell will become stronger. The ones that are neat, dark, hard, and have a strong paint smell are better.

Chemical composition Dry lacquer is a black resinous substance produced by the oxidation of urushiol in raw lacquer in the air under the action of laccase.

Identification Physical and chemical identification: Take 1g of this product powder, add 10ml of ethanol, heat it in a hot water bath for 5 minutes, let it cool and filter. Take 1 ml of the filtrate and add 1-2 drops of ferric chloride test solution to make it appear dark green. (Check phenolics)

For processing, take the cleaned Qianqi lacquer and smash it into small pieces, place it in a forging pot, cover it with a pot with a smaller diameter, and paste white paper on it. The joints of the two pot edges, Seal it with yellow mud and heat it until the white paper turns brown. Stop the fire and simmer until cool, take out and break into pieces. Or place it in a pot and stir-fry until the smoke is gone and charred black. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": When used as medicine, it must be mashed and stir-fried, otherwise it will damage the stomach and intestines. It is better if the wet paint is fried and dried.

Pungent in nature and flavor; warm; slightly poisonous

Returns through the liver, spleen, stomach, large intestine, small intestine meridian

Functions: Breaking blood stasis; eliminating accumulation; killing insect. Mainly used for women with blood stasis and yin stagnation; amenorrhea; abdominal mass; worm accumulation

Usage and Dosage Oral administration: Take as pills or powder, 2-4.5g. External use: burn smoke. It should be taken orally after stir-frying or exercising.

Note that pregnant women and those with physical weakness and no blood stasis should take it with caution. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Pinellia ternata is the envoy. Afraid of chickens. "Empirical Prescription": People who are afraid of paint will not be convinced. "Compendium of Materia Medica": People with weak constitution and those who are prone to severe sores should avoid taking it. "Materia Medica Qiuyuan": people with stomach deficiency should avoid it.

Discussions by various schools

1. "Compendium": There is a kind of lacquer tree growing in Guangzhou and Zhejiang today. It looks like a small one? As for Da, when the juice is drawn in June, the paint will be as yellow as gold, which is what the "Book of Tang" calls yellow paint. Black lacquer should still be used for medicine. Guangnan lacquer has a caramel vapor and is weak when stained. People who are afraid of paint can avoid it by chewing Sichuan pepper and applying it to their mouth and nose. For those suffering from lacquer sores, bathing in fir tree soup, perilla soup, lacquered grass soup, and crab soup is all good. Lacquer flower is used in the treatment of cranial distension, abdominal distension and inability to cross the shin in children. ... Lacquer is poisonous in nature and kills insects, and descends to cause blood circulation. Although it controls various syndromes, its effect is only on these two.

2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Dry lacquer can kill insects and dissipate all visible stagnation in the intestines and stomach. Once the intestines and stomach are clear, the five internal organs will be at peace, and the flaccidity and numbness will be adjusted. There is another syndrome of injury, which is specifically based on the theory of blood. The blood covering is tangible, and the body is affected by the disease. However, if the pungent temperature dissipates the knots and has a salty taste, it can be absorbed into the blood and eliminated. If the blood stasis disappears, it will definitely harm the self-harmony. The muscles and bones continue on their own, and the marrow and brain are self-sufficient.

It is mainly used for lumps, low back pain, and hernia in women. It also refers to the blood in the lower burner being exposed to cold and blood coagulation. If it is beneficial to the small intestine, its ability to pass through the meridians is used. As for the treatment of cough, although it is not a correct treatment, there are still cases where blood stasis accumulates, resulting in bone steaming and fatigue, resulting in cough. With its power to dissipate blood stasis, the bone steaming will subside and the cough will be cured.

3. "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": Dry paint ash, good nature decreases and breaks the blood, so it can reduce swelling, kill insects, clear the moon and close the blood, all of which are used to remove bad blood, and "Ben Jing" treats absolute injuries. , is to take its power to destroy the past and create a new one. The elemental cloud can cut away the accumulated stagnation that has been hardened for many years, and break the blood stasis that has been condensed for a long time. It is said that all dry lacquer is used. People without hemorrhage should avoid taking it as it may damage the blood supply and gastric qi. Therefore, people with stomach deficiency will often vomit after taking it. This seems to be contrary to the meaning of the "Heritage Classic", but it is not contrary to the truth. Postpartum haemorrhage can be awakened by burning smoke from old lacquerware, which also removes the meaning of blood and breaks the blood stagnation in the meridians.

4. Other "Herbal Classics": Mainly treating injuries, repairing muscles and bones, five relieving and six acute, wind-cold-damp paralysis. "Bielu" treats coughs, eliminates blood stasis, lumps, low back pain, and hernias in women, helps the small intestine, and removes roundworms. "Treatise on Medicinal Properties": It can kill three insects and treat blocked meridians in women. Zhang Yuan: Cut away the stagnation caused by years of hard knots, and break the blood stasis that has been condensed for a long time. "Original Materia Medica": For blood circulation in women after childbirth, dry lacquer is often used to burn the nose. Tao Hongjing: Nowadays, Liangzhou lacquer is the best, and Yizhou also has it. Guangzhou lacquer is quick and easy to dry. There are naturally dry parts in the upper lids of the paint buckets, and the shape is like a honeycomb, and the ones with holes separated by holes are better. "Shu Materia Medica": How black is the best varnish? , if it is iron and stone, it is good; if it is yellow and tender, it is not good if it is like a honeycomb. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": If lacquer poison occurs, you can drink iron slurry mixed with cotinus juice and sweet bean soup, eat crabs, and it can be cured. "Medical True Story": For those who are afraid of lacquer, take chicken qinghe medicine (dry lacquer).

Excerpt from "Chinese Materia Medica"