First of all, the method of planting potatoes
1, suitable for early sowing
Dongnong 303, Zhongshu 3, Xingjia 2, etc. with high quality and early maturity were selected. And require high-quality virus-free seed potatoes, and the amount of seeds used per mu is 125 ~ 150 kg. 65438+1early October to mid-February is suitable for sowing. Advocating plastic film mulching cultivation (early sowing, good plastic film mulching to prevent premature seedling emergence and freezing) is beneficial to early seedling emergence, early potato production and early market.
2. Reasonable close planting
Generally, two rows are planted on the middle-high ridge (even ditch) with a width of 140 cm, with a row spacing of 35 ~ 40 cm and a plant spacing of 25 cm, so as to ensure a yield of more than 3,000 plants per mu.
3. The small arch shed is covered with plastic film
Plastic film mulching, heat preservation and anti-freezing are the key to the success or failure of spring potato planting. A small arch shed is made of small bamboo pieces with a length of 2.2 meters and a width of 2 centimeters, covered with plastic film, and sealed with soil on both sides. In order to protect potato seedlings from freezing injury, accelerate the growth and promote the early maturity of potatoes.
4. Scientific fertilization
After plastic film mulching cultivation of spring potato, the conventional top dressing should be changed to heavy base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer should account for more than 70% of the total fertilization. Before sowing, apply 65,438+0,250 kg of organic fertilizer, 35-40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer as base fertilizer and gray fertilizer as covering seed fertilizer per mu. After emergence, the height of seedlings is about 20 cm. Use ternary compound fertilizer 15 ~ 20 kg, add urea 10 ~ 15 kg, add water, and uncover the plastic film at noon on sunny days.
5. Chemical weeding
After sowing and ridging, chemical weeding should be carried out before covering with plastic film while the soil is still wet. Too dry soil will affect the weeding effect. ?
Second, the technical points
1, temperature
Potatoes like to be cold and not resistant to high temperature. The average daily temperature during the growing period is 17℃ ~ 2 1℃. When the outside temperature is too high, it will affect the growth of potato tuber, so protective measures should be taken.
2. Lighting equipment
Potato is fond of light, and insufficient light will affect the growth of tuber, with high light intensity, high photosynthetic intensity of leaves, early tuber formation, high tuber yield and starch content.
Step 3: Moisture
Potatoes like humid growing environment, and water evaporates quickly in summer, so it is necessary to increase the number of watering, and be careful not to water too much, otherwise it will lead to root rot of plants.
Matters needing attention in potato field management
1. Pay attention to the low-temperature freezing injury and high-temperature seedling injury after the emergence of small arch shed with plastic film. Cover and uncover the film in time according to the weather conditions to prevent freezing injury at low temperature and seedling injury at high temperature.
There is much rain in spring, and the weather changes greatly. If the small arch shed is covered with plastic film, it should be combined with ditch cleaning in late March, and the film should be uncovered and cultivated once when the high temperature comes.
3. In order to control underground pests and improve the commercialization of potatoes, if the seedlings are steep and long in the later stage, when the height of the seedlings is 35cm, and when the potato border is closed, 50% paclobutrazol 100mg/L should be sprayed per mu, and at the same time, the disease control and ditching and drainage in the later stage should be done well.