1, planting time
Pepper can be sown all year round, but it is generally suitable from the middle and late July to the end of 65438+February. Sowing too early makes the disease worse, and it is difficult to set up a high-yield frame in the period of good light and temperature before the severe winter. In addition, it is best to use heated and insulated seedbeds and nutrient bags for seedling raising in greenhouse.
2. Seedling raising method
Before sowing sweet pepper, you should first choose a good nutrient substrate. Generally speaking, Canadian Taixue Peat No.4 13 or self-made substrate should be selected. If homemade substrate is recommended, 60% should be used. 70% peat *, 20%~30% vermiculite and 10% zhuzhenyan are evenly mixed together and then sprayed with water. The water content is subject to the fact that the nutrients are not dripping by hand. It is more suitable to choose 70-hole tray for seedling raising when sowing. Make holes 2-3 cm deep in the tray with the prepared substrate, then plant seeds in each hole, cover the substrate and water. During the period, water should be done well to ensure the emergence of seedlings. When the seedlings change from four leaves to six leaves, they can be transplanted and planted.
3. Soil preparation and fertilization
Because of the slow growth of pepper root system and poor regeneration ability, it needs a deep, loose and fertile soil environment, and deep digging of soil requires flat and fine land. Before planting, apply 4000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 50 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, or choose suitable Woye compound fertilizer and microbial inoculum as base fertilizer.
Step 4 plant
Before moving out, pinch the seedlings around each plugged hole a few times before picking them up, which can ensure that the clods are not loose and improve the survival rate. Generally, about 3,000 plants are planted per mu, and the plants are planted in two rows, with a spacing of 40cm and a row spacing of 50cm. When planting, the seedling block should be lower than * table 1cm, and root water should be poured in time. 3 ~ 5 days after planting is the slow seedling stage of sweet pepper, so it is necessary to keep the soil moist and ensure that the seedlings return to green as soon as possible.
5. Fertilizer and water management
Water properly after the survival of colonization. When you see the first fruit, start watering and topdressing. Keep the soil moist during the flowering and fruiting period, and water it every 5~ 10 days according to the degree of soil dryness and wetness. When the temperature is low, water it in the morning on sunny days, and water it at night when the temperature is high. After squatting, topdressing once when the first ear fruit grows to the size of walnut, applying 5 kg of nitrogen and 6 kg of potassium per mu. When the pepper entering the first ear is about to be harvested, the second and third layers of fruit continue to expand, and the fourth layer of fruit is falling and setting fruit. For the peak period of fertilizer demand, the second topdressing should be applied, with nitrogen application of 6 kg and 7? Eight kilos. Top dressing for the third time is about half a month, and the amount of fertilizer applied is the same as that of the second time. 15? After 20 days, the fourth topdressing was carried out, and the amount of fertilizer applied was the same as that of the first time. Appropriate washing fertilizer can also be used for topdressing.
6. Sparse flowers and fruits
Persimmon pepper has strong branching ability, so it should be beaten before flowering, and the long side branches should be knocked out in time. During the growth period, flowers and fruits should be thinned in time, and no peppers should be left, and fruits should be left alternately. Leave one fruit on each fork, and remove all the other flowers and fruits, so as to ensure that no more than six fruits are produced at the same time for the sake of fruit expansion. Remove the lower yellow and old leaves in time, concentrate nutrients and improve lighting conditions.