(1) The reason is unknown. Although many theories about hypertension explain the pathogenesis of hypertension from different angles, such as psychoneural theory, endocrine theory, kidney source theory, genetic theory, sodium intake theory and so on. These theories have sufficient theoretical and factual basis, but they all have certain limitations, which can only reflect some aspects of the pathogenesis of hypertension, but cannot be comprehensively expounded. Therefore, treatment often lacks etiological treatment.
(2) There are many incentives. There are many inducing factors of hypertension, such as high sodium, high fat diet, smoking, alcoholism, obesity, family history and so on. At present, some measures to treat hypertension, including drug therapy and non-drug therapy, are mostly aimed at some pathophysiological characteristics and incentives of hypertension, trying to eliminate or reduce them to the lowest point, rather than treating the cause. Therefore, hypertension can only be controlled, not cured, and needs long-term treatment.
(3) The symptoms are hidden. In the early and middle stages of hypertension, the symptoms of patients are often not obvious and are often ignored by patients and doctors. After being discovered, the blood vessels have already hardened and other complications have occurred. The treatment can only be to lower blood pressure, but even if blood pressure is controlled, it does not mean complete cure.
(4) The course of disease is long. Hypertension is a chronic disease with slow progress, long time and easy recurrence. Therefore, it is unrealistic to insist on treatment for a long time and want to cure it at once. Long-term regular treatment is an effective measure to prevent the development of hypertension, which can reduce and delay the occurrence of complications. Therefore, patients with hypertension should adhere to treatment for a long time, and never stop taking medicine as soon as their blood pressure drops. Under what circumstances should I be hospitalized? How to master hypertension patients? According to our years of experience, we can sum up the following principles.
(1) When the diagnosis of hypertension is not clear enough, systematic observation and a series of special examinations are needed to make the diagnosis.
(2) Patients with stage II and III hypertension have symptoms and complications of other organ damage, so they need to be hospitalized for detailed examination to understand the degree of organ damage and complications and receive systematic treatment.
(3) Secondary hypertension and primary disease need hospitalization, such as acute glomerulonephritis and pregnancy poisoning. In addition, diseases that need surgical treatment, such as pheochromocytoma, renal artery stenosis, primary aldosteronism, etc.
(4) After taking the medicine, the blood pressure of patients with hypertension continues to drop, and the symptoms of self-discomfort are obvious, so they need to be hospitalized for observation and further screening effective drugs.
(5) Hypertensive emergencies, including acute malignant hypertension and hypertensive encephalopathy, need to be hospitalized immediately.
(6) All kinds of serious complications caused by hypertension. Such as hypertension complicated with acute left heart failure, cerebrovascular accident, hypertension complicated with acute coronary insufficiency, etc. , all need to be sent to the hospital for rescue, treatment and monitoring. The above six items are indications of hospitalization for hypertension. Of course, whether the patient is hospitalized or not is mainly decided by the doctor according to the condition. But as patients with hypertension, we should know and master this knowledge, so as to be aware of it and take the initiative to attack. Once the condition changes, corresponding measures can be taken in time to deal with it in time.