The fruit of the ginkgo tree is commonly known as the white fruit, so ginkgo is also known. Ginkgo tree grows slowly, long life, natural conditions from planting to knot to twenty years, forty years to a large number of results, so it is also known as "", there is a "public seed and grandchildren get to eat" meaning, is the tree, with ornamental, economic, medicinal and other The value of the tree is ornamental, economic, medicinal and so on.
Flowering in April, ripening in October, the seeds are long-stalked, pendulous, often ellipsoid, long obovate, ovoid or subglobose, 2.5-3.5 centimeters long, 2 centimeters in diameter, bony, white, often with 2 (sparse 3) longitudinal ribs; the inner testa is membranous. Seed coat fleshy, white powdered, exocarp fleshy, yellow or orange-yellow when ripe, white powdered, with odoriferous leaves; cortex white at middle, bony, with 2-3 longitudinal ridges; endocarp membranous, light reddish-brown; endosperm fleshy, with a sweet, slightly bitter taste; cotyledons 2, sparsely 3, not emergent at germination, primordial leaves 2-5, broadly barred, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, apex retuse, followed by a fan of secondary leaves starting with 4th or 5th, with a deep cleft and a notched apex, with an aperture and a notched, notched, notched, notched, notched, notched, and a notched, notched, notched, or apertured, notched. apex with a y divided and irregularly undulate notch, petiole 0.9~2.5 cm long; with a primary root.
Ginkgo biloba has a long life span, and there are more than 3,000 years of ancient trees in China. Suitable for growing in the subtropics where water and heat conditions are relatively favorable. The soil is yellow soil or, pH value 5 ~ 6. Initial growth is slow, strong tiller. Female plants generally about 20 years began to bear fruit, 500 years old trees can still be normal fruit. Generally late March to early April sprouting and spreading leaves, early to mid-April flowering, late September to early October seed maturity, late October to November defoliation.
Ginkgo first appeared 345 million years ago. Once widely distributed in the northern hemisphere of Europe, Asia and the Americas, ginkgo was once widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, and began to decline in late. To 500,000 years ago, the movement occurred, the Earth suddenly became cold, the vast majority of ginkgo plants on the verge of extinction, in a Europe, North America and the vast majority of Asia extinction, only China's natural conditions are superior, only miraculously preserved. Therefore, by scientists called "living fossil", "panda in the plant world". The wild state of the ginkgo biloba remnants in China's northern Jiangsu Xuzhou () Linyi () region of western Zhejiang mountainous areas.
Many ginkgo experts after examining that the remote mountainous areas of Zhejiang Tianmu Mountain, Hubei, Shennongjia Yunnan Tengchong, found in the natural reproduction of the group. They are extremely valuable cultural heritage and natural landscape, the improvement of the surrounding ecological environment and research, to ensure the sustainable use of ginkgo genetic resources, has an important role. Natural resource researchers have also found ginkgo growing alongside Metasequoia and dove trees in the deep mountain valleys of Hubei and Sichuan. The vertical distribution of ginkgo, also due to the latitude of the region and geomorphology, the distribution of altitude is not exactly the same.
Overall, the vertical distribution of ginkgo span is relatively large, in the elevation of several meters to dozens of meters of the eastern plains to 3000m or so in the southwest mountains are found to have a good growth of ginkgo trees. Such as Jiangsu Taixing altitude of 5m or so, Wuxian altitude of about 300m, Shandong Tancheng altitude of about 40m, 1600m above sea level, Gansu for 1500m (Lanzhou), Yunnan for 2000m (Kunming), Tibet for 3000m (Chamdo).
The ginkgo tree is tall and straight, with fan-like leaves. The crown is large and shade-like, with a cooling effect. The leaf shape is ancient and elegant, and the life span is long. No pests and diseases, do not pollute the environment, the trunk is clean, is a famous pollution-free species, is conducive to the propagation of the ginkgo and add to the landscape. Strong adaptability, ginkgo to the climate and soil requirements are very broad. Resistant to smoke, fire and toxic gases. Ginkgo trees are tall, straight trunk, beautiful posture, green in spring and summer, golden in late fall, is the ideal gardening, species. Can be used for landscaping, road, highway, field network, the ideal cultivation of trees. Listed as China's four major longevity ornamental tree species (pine, cypress, acacia, ginkgo).
Edible value
Commonly known as the white fruit, it consists of fleshy outer testa, bony middle testa, membranous inner testa and seed kernel. White fruit nourishes and prolongs life, and ginkgo was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty. Japan has the habit of consuming white fruit daily. Westerners must have white fruit at Christmas. As far as the way of consumption is concerned, ginkgo is mainly fried, roasted, boiled, served with vegetables, pastries, preserves, canned food, beverages and alcohol. It has the effect of expectorant, cough, moistening the lungs and fixing the wheezing, but it can cause poisoning when eaten in large quantities.
White fruit contains toxins, toxicity is very strong, the toxicity of heat reduces, so the raw ginkgo biloba fruit food is more likely to be poisoned. General poisoning dose of 10 to 50, poisoning symptoms occur in 1 to 12 hours after eating white fruit. For prevention, it is not advisable to eat more should not eat raw white fruit. [4]
The health care role. According to the "" records: "cooked food warm lungs, beneficial to qi, set wheezing and coughing, reduce stools, stop white turbidity; raw food to reduce phlegm, disinfectant and insecticide". Modern science has proved: ginkgo seed kernel has anti-bacteria, diphtheria bacillus, staphylococcus, tuberculosis bacillus, streptococcus role. Chinese medicine to ginkgo seed kernel treatment,, tuberculosis, leucorrhea, gonorrhea, spermatorrhea and other diseases. Ginkgo seed kernel also remove spots and wrinkles, treatment of sores, ringworm effect. Cough phlegm sparse patients, with 30 grams of ginkgo seed kernel, 15 grams of rock sugar decoction water service, 2 times a day, half a month can be cured;, with ginkgo seed kernel 5 simmered, every night before going to bed to take the kernel service, half a month can be effective.
Ginkgo majestic, gnarled trunk, lush and solemn. In, ancient temples and nunneries, there are tall and straight, they have been through the vicissitudes of life, dating back to the past and present, giving people a sense of mystery and mystique, the generations of artists and writers involved in the temple left a lot of poems, engraved monuments to the book of the landscape of the wonderful, the text contained merits to pride themselves. Select the beautiful posture of the ginkgo, processed into a bonsai, the nature of the ginkgo's majestic concentrated in the basin in the ounce, the ancient special elegant, wild and interesting, the desk, it is a pleasure to see.
The ginkgo tree is a famous species of longevity, strong vitality, peculiar leaf shape, easy to grafting reproduction and plastic pruning, is the production of high-quality materials for bonsai, with ginkgo tree milk produced by the ginkgo bonsai is a masterpiece, has a high ornamental value and economic value. Ginkgo is commonly used in the tree species, ginkgo bonsai dry thick, branch curvature, root exposure, unique modeling, strong and dashing, interesting, is a masterpiece of Chinese bonsai. Thuji green in summer, autumn gold can be scooped up, giving a person a sense of precipitous and majestic, noble and elegant, in recent years, increasingly valued, known as the "living art carving". According to people's different appreciation requirements, there are mainly view of the actual bonsai, foliage bonsai and several types.