Euphorbiaceae

Dicotyledonous Plants

Rosae

Euphorbia

A large family

herb,

shrub

or

tree

with milky white sap

. Leaves are usually alternate,

simple leaves

, sparse

compound leaves

, with

stipules

bases

or

petioles

sometimes with

glands

. Flowers

unisexual

monoecious

or dioecious, which aggregate into various

inflorescences

, usually

cymes

or special cup-shaped cymes (Euphorbia inflorescences);

species

of some genera have

calyx

but no

petals

, and some have neither calyx nor petals. Sepals are free or connate,

imbricate

or valvate; Having a disk or degenerating into glands; Male flower: stamens are as many as perianth segments, or

2 times, or very many or few or 1 (in Euphorbia, the whole flower only contains 1 bare stamen); Filaments are free or combined into columns, with 2 ~ 4 anthers and degenerated ovaries; Female flower: with or without staminodes; The ovary is superior, usually 3-loculed, with 1-2 ovules in each locule, and it is born on the placentation of the axial axis. < P > The style < P > is the same as that of the locules. Most of the fruits are

capsules

, which are divided into 3 petals when they mature, and sometimes they are

berry

shaped or

drupe

shaped without cracking.