Contents 1 Pinyin 2 English reference 3 The root of Sesamum sesame, a plant of the Sterculiaceae family·"Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine"·Sesame 3.1 Alias ??of Sesame 3.2 Source and origin 3.3 Nature and taste 3.4 Function and indication 3.5 Precautions for use 3.6 Chemistry Ingredients 3.7 Pharmacological effects of mountain sesame 4 The fruit of Rhododendron azalea · "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" · Mountain sesame 4.1 Alias ??of mountain sesame 4.2 Source and origin 4.3 Nature and taste 4.4 Function and indication 4.5 Precautions for use 4.6 Chemical composition 4.7 Mountain sesame Pharmacological effects 5 The root or whole plant of Sesamum genus in the family Sterculiaceae is used as medicine. "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine" · Sesame 5.1 Pinyin name 5.2 Alias ??of Sesame 5.3 Source 5.4 Original form 5.5 Nature and flavor 5.6 Function and indication 5.7 Usage and Dosage 5.8 Note 5.9 Remarks 5.10 Excerpt 6 The root or whole plant of Sesamum sesame of Sterculaceae·"Chinese Materia Medica"·Sesame 6.1 Source 6.2 Pinyin name 6.3 English name 6.4 Alias ??of Sesame 6.5 Source 6.6 Original form 6.7 Habitat distribution 6.8 Cultivation 6.9 Properties 6.10 Chemical composition 6.11 Identification 6.12 Nature and flavor 6.13 Meridian tropism 6.14 Functions and indications 6.15 Usage and dosage of mountain sesame 6.16 Notes 6.17 Discussions by various experts 6.18 Excerpt 7 References attached: 1 Prescriptions using the traditional Chinese medicine mountain sesame 2 Prescriptions using the traditional Chinese medicine mountain sesame Chinese patent medicine 3 Mountain sesame in ancient books 1 Pinyin

shān zhī má 2 English reference

Helicteres angustifolia [21st Century Bilingual Science and Technology Dictionary]

screwtree [Xiangya Medical Professional Dictionary]

narrowleaf screwtree herb [Xiangya Medical Professional Dictionary] 3 The roots of the Sterculiaceae plant Sesame sibiricum · "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" · Sesame sesame

Sesame sibiricum is the name of a Chinese medicine , from "Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine" [1].

3.1 Alias ??of mountain sesame

Gangyouse, mountain sesame, false sesame, false sesame, stone weight[1] 3.2 Source and place of production

Helicteres angustifolia L. of roots. Distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and southwest regions [1]. 3.3 Nature and flavor

Bitter, slightly sweet, cold, slightly toxic [1]. 3.4 Functions and Indications

Relieves the appearance, clears away heat, reduces swelling and detoxifies [1].

①Cure colds, high fever, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, mumps, enteritis, and dysentery. Decoction: 9~15g[1].

②Pound and apply to treat traumatic bleeding, carbuncle, furuncle, and poisonous snake bites[1]. 3.5 Precautions for use

Overdose taken internally may cause dizziness, nausea, diarrhea and other reactions. Pregnant women should not take it[1].

3.6 Chemical composition

This product contains Methyl helicterate, Helicterilic acid and its methyl ester, betulinic acid, and oleanolic acid. The root bark contains mansone and others [1]. 3.7 Pharmacological effects

In vitro tests show that it has an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus [1]. 4 The fruit of Rhododendron · "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine" · Mountain sesame

Mountain sesame is the name of a Chinese medicine, which comes from "Baicaojing" by Zhao Xuekai of the Qing Dynasty. It is the alias of the six-axis Zi recorded in "Yipian Xinshen" [1]. 4.1 Alias ??of mountain sesame

Forsythia suspensa, mountain sesame, crocodile flower seed, balilin pockmark seed [2] 4.2 Source and production area

Rhododendron molle (Rhododendron molle) Bl.)G. The fruit of Don. Produced in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, and Henan [2]. 4.3 Nature and flavor

Bitter, warm, and highly poisonous [2]. 4.4 Functional Indications

Expelling wind and relieving pain, dispersing blood stasis and reducing swelling [2].

1. Treat wind-cold-dampness, joint swelling and pain, and bruises. Oral administration: Grind into powder, 0.3~0.9g; or form into pills or powder [2].

2. Treat carbuncle and boils. Grind into powder and apply [2]. 4.5 Precautions for use

Excessive oral administration may cause poisoning. Caution should be exercised when taking this product orally. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, slow heartbeat, drop in blood pressure, movement disorders, difficulty breathing, etc. may occur during poisoning. In severe cases, respiratory symptoms may occur. Stop and die. Pregnant women should not take it[2][3]. 4.6 Chemical composition

This product contains narcotoxin [2]. 4.7 Pharmacological effects of mountain sesame seeds

Suspensions, infusions, and tinctures all have analgesic effects, and their analgesic index is similar to that of opiates. However, as the dose increases, the effect does not increase but the toxicity increases significantly. Catalonia toxin has the effect of lowering blood pressure and slowing down the heart rate. This product is toxic to both insects and humans. It can cause arrhythmia, difficulty breathing and convulsions in humans. Therefore, this product is highly toxic [2][3]. 5. The root or whole plant of Sesamum genus in the family Styculaceae is used as medicine. "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine" · Sesame 5.1 Pinyin name

Shān Zhī Mɑ 5.2 Alias ??of Sesame

Dashan Hemp, Shiwei, Hemp, Hemp 5.3 Source

It is Helictercs angustifolia L., a plant of the genus Helictercs angustifolia in the family Sterculaceae. The roots or the whole plant are used as medicine. It is dug in summer and autumn, washed, sliced ??and dried in the sun. 5.4 Original form

Small shrub, about 1 meter high. The stem is upright and branched. The bark of the stem is tough and hemp-like, and the branchlets are densely covered with short gray-yellow hairs. Single leaves are alternate, oblong-lanceolate. In summer, short peduncles emerge from the leaf axils, with several flowers clustered on them. The peduncles are short. The fruit is oval and oblong, slightly like a sesame fruit, nearly 2 cm long, densely covered with star-like hairs, and has 5 lobes when ripe. 5.5 Nature and flavor

Bitter, slightly sweet, cold. A little poisonous. 5.6 Functional Indications

Clear away heat, detoxify and relieve cough. Used for colds, high fever, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, mumps, measles, cough, malaria; external use to treat snake bites, traumatic bleeding, hemorrhoids, carbuncles and boils. 5.7 Usage and dosage of mountain sesame

3 to 5 qian; appropriate amount for external use. Grind the dry root into powder and apply it externally or mix it with rice wine and apply it to the affected area. 5.8 Note

Pregnant women and the infirm should not take this product. 5.9 Remarks

(1) This product is slightly toxic, so the oral dosage should not be too large. Nausea, diarrhea, dizziness and other reactions may be seen during poisoning.

5.10 Excerpt

"Compilation of National Chinese Herbal Medicine" 6 The root or whole plant of the Sterculiaceae plant Sesamum sesame·"Chinese Materia Medica"·Sesame 6.1 Source

From "Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine" 6.2 Pinyin Name

Shān Zhī Mɑ 6.3 English name

Narrowleaf Screwtree Root, Root of Narrowleaf Screwtree 6.4 Alias ??of mountain sesame

Gangyouma, Gangzhima, Tian Sesame seeds, peach grass, wild sesame seeds, shit tree, false sesame seeds, mountain sesame seeds, fake sesame seeds, sesame head, ox cauldron tail, wild sesame seeds, white-headed male, sesame seeds, wild sesame seeds, fake sesame seeds, bitter sesame seeds, Shanzhima, Beiyouma, Popiangong. 6.5 Source

The basic source of medicinal materials: it is the root or whole plant of Sesamum sesame, a plant of the Sterculiaceae family.

Latin plant, animal and mineral name: Helicteres angustifolia L.

Harvesting and storage: The whole plant can be harvested throughout the year, washed, cut into sections and dried in the sun. 6.6 Original form

Mountain sesame is a small shrub, up to 1m high. Branchlets green pubescent. The leaves are alternate; the petiole is 57mm long, covered with stellate pubescence; the leaves are narrowly oblong or strip-lanceolate, 3.55cm long, 1.52.5cm wide, with blunt or acute apex, rounded base, and hairless or almost hairless upper surface. The hair is covered with off-white or light yellow star-shaped hairs below, sometimes mixed with bristles, and the entire edge. Cymes are axillary, with 2 to several flowers; the pedicel usually has 4 cone-shaped bracts; the calyx is tubular, about 6 mm long, covered with star-like pubescence, 5 lobes, and the lobes are triangular; the petals are 5, unequal. Large, light red or purple, slightly longer than the calyx, with 2 ear-like appendages at the base; 10 stamens, 5 staminodes, linear, very short; ovary with 5 cells, hairy, slightly shorter than the style, each cell has There are about 10 ovules. The capsule is ovate-oblong, 1220mm long, 78mm wide, with an acute apex, densely covered with stellate hairs and mixed tomentose. The seeds are small, brown, with small oval spots. Flowering period is several year round. 6.7 Habitat distribution

Ecological environment: Grows on hillsides, roadsides and hilly areas.

Resource distribution: distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places. 6.8 Cultivation

Biological characteristics: It likes a warm and humid climate. It is more drought-tolerant, avoids stagnant water, has loose soil requirements, and can grow normally on slightly acidic yellow-red soil.

Cultivation technology Propagation by seeds. Seedlings are sown in spring from March to April. The seeds are mixed with plant ash or fine soil, spread evenly on the seedbed, covered with 2cm of fine soil, covered with grass and watered. The seeding rate per 1hm2 is 22.5kg. When the temperature is above 25°C, seedlings will emerge 15-20 days after sowing, and the grass cover will be removed after emergence. Before germination in the following spring, transplant in holes with a spacing of 35cm × 35cm between rows and plants.

Field management: After planting and before closing, the soil should be loosened and weeded once every other month. Topdress human excrement or compound fertilizer once in spring, summer and autumn, and topdress plant ash or manure in winter, and cultivate the soil. 6.9 Characters

Character identification: Roots are cylindrical, slightly twisted, often with nodular stem and branch residues on the head; 1525cm long (most products have been cut into segments of about 2cm), diameter 0.51 .5cm. The surface is yellow to gray-brown, with tough lateral roots or lateral root marks in between. The cork is rough with longitudinal and oblique cracks. The old root cork peels off easily. It is hard in texture, with thicker cross-section bark, dark brown or grayish yellow, strong fiber, and easy to peel off and tear from the wood; the wood is yellowish white, with slightly dense radial texture. The aroma is fragrant and the taste is bitter and slightly astringent.

Microscopic identification: root transverse section: the cork layer contains more than 10 rows of cork cells, containing reddish-brown substances; the inner layer of the cork has 15 rows of cells. The phloem fiber bundles are spaced apart from the phloem parenchyma, and the fiber walls are thick and lignified; the secretory cells contain yellow-brown secretions, and the parenchyma cells often contain calcium oxalate cluster crystals or square crystals. Cambium rings.

Xylem vessels hashed; xylem rays 13 rows of cells, walls slightly lignified. The parenchyma cells of this product often contain starch granules.

Powder characteristics: The roots are powdery and white. ① There are many bast fibers, single or in bundles, with thick walls and a diameter of 1230 μm. The wood fiber wall is thin and has oblique holes with a diameter of 1125 μm. ②The diameter of the rimmed pit duct is 2090 μm. ③The tracheids are narrow and long, with pits and a diameter of 1315 μm. ④Cork cells are brown and polygonal in appearance. ⑤The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystals is 2031 μm, and small square crystals are occasionally seen. ⑤ Starch grains are mostly single grains with a diameter of 48 μm, and the umbilical point is linear. The complex grains are composed of 24 grains. 6.10 Chemical composition

The root contains β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, methyl helicterate, and betulinic acid. Methyl helicterilate, helicterilic acid and heliclactone. The root bark contains sesquiterpene quinone compounds mansonone E, F, H and M. 6.11 Identification

Physical and chemical identification: Take 5g of this product's coarse powder, add 50ml of water, boil and filter. Add hydroxygel-ferric chloride test solution to the filtrate, and purple-brown precipitation will occur (check the esters); add 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine test solution to the filtrate, and yellow-brown precipitation will occur. (Check for carbonyl compounds). 6.12 Nature and flavor

Bitter; cool in nature; slightly toxic 6.13 Meridian tropism

Stomach meridian 6.14 Functions and Indications

Clear away heat and detoxify. Mainly used for colds and fever; cough due to lung heat; sore throat; measles; mumps; enteritis; dysentery; carbuncle; scrofula; poisonous snake bites 6.15 Usage and dosage of mountain sesame

Oral administration: decoction, decoction , 915g, fresh product 3060g. External use: Appropriate amount, pound fresh product for application. 6.16 Note

"Guangxi Medicinal Plant Map": Do not take it if you are suffering from deficiency and cold. 6.17 Discussions by various experts

1. "Herbal Medicine Nature Preparation": Root: cures sores, removes toxins, stops bleeding, and buries the mouth; it can also open the large intestine and will cause bowel movement quickly after eating a lot. 2. "Flora of Guangzhou": Leaves: smash and apply to the affected area to treat sores. 3. "Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine": remove blood stasis and regenerate, eliminate carbuncle and detoxify. 4. "Nanning Medicinal Records": relieves symptoms, clears heat, and treats Sha Qi, febrile colds, and sores. 5. "Quanzhou Materia Medica": clears away heat and quenches thirst, eliminates phlegm and relieves cough. Treat lung disease and scrofula. 6.18 Excerpt