Editorial literature and history evaluation editorial group

1940, then commander of the first war zone of the National Army, and concurrently commander of the Jicha war zone, was ordered to stick to the national army star Wei Lihuang along the Yellow River and defend North China. When he saw Zhu De, the general commander of the Eighth Route Army, he let the Eighth Route Army soldiers go shopping freely, and he couldn't help but be surprised.

Curiously ask Mr. Zhu: Aren't you afraid of the soldiers' desertion and escape? In this issue, I will circle a useful history and decipher why Wei Lihuang has this question.

Why are you curious and surprised to see the Eighth Route Army go shopping freely? Don't the soldiers of the national army even have the freedom to go shopping?

As long as it is a revolutionary team that persists in the war of resistance, all of them are treated equally.

1On July 7th, 937, the Japanese army suddenly launched the Lugouqiao Incident, which started the all-round war of aggression against China. Since then, Chairman Mao has highly responded to the revolutionary call of the anti-Japanese United front, ordering that the Yan 'an Red Army in northern Shaanxi go down the mountain, accept the reorganization and reorganization of Chiang Kai-shek Kuomintang, and set up the 18th Army, also known as the Eighth Route Army.

It has always been under the command of Wei Lihuang, a famous soldier of the national army. When Wei Lihuang was transferred from the commander of the 14th Army of the national army to the deputy commander of the second war zone of the national army, and was promoted to the commander of the first war zone, the Eighth Route Army was also restructured successively, and was placed in the operational sequence of the second war zone and the first war zone to carry out the anti-Japanese war.

When Peng Dehuai, the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, recalled Wei Lihuang, he once praised Wei Lihuang as "a rare anti-Japanese faction in the national army".

Although the Eighth Route Army nominally participated in the Anti-Japanese War under the command of Wei Lihuang, Wei Lihuang was open-minded, never contended for power and profit, never interfered in the March of the Eighth Route Army, never engaged in marginal friction, and always insisted on the independence of the Eighth Route Army led by the * * * production party.

And his attitude has also forged a very profound revolutionary friendship with the Eighth Route Army, and the two sides have frequent interactions.

1937 10, Wei Lihuang was ordered to launch a large-scale "Xinkou Battle" initiated by the Japanese army at the front line of North China in Shanxi Province. Instead of being headstrong, he repeatedly contacted and negotiated with the Eighth Route Army generals at all levels, fully listened to the opinions of all parties and coordinated his actions.

In one fell swoop, it set a battlefield record of destroying tens of thousands of enemy troops and successfully defending Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province. It was a successful case in which the two parties of the country, * * *, United sincerely and cooperated appropriately in military operations at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War.

The victory of the battle of Xinkou also made Wei Lihuang see for the first time the ability of the Eighth Route Army, the producer party, to lead the independent war of resistance, and then paid more attention to the Eighth Route Army.

During the Anti-Japanese War of National Unity, Chiang Kai-shek's heart for the death of our Party never died, and he often ignored the national righteousness, and for selfish and ulterior purposes, instructed various ministries to eat and get cards for the Eighth Route Army's combat readiness supply.

However, it was severely resisted by Wei Lihuang, who declared publicly on more than one occasion that as long as all the revolutionary teams that persisted in the war of resistance were treated equally, whatever standards the national army set, they would give to the Eighth Route Army.

Even in the spring of 1938, Wei Lihuang resisted the pressure and interference given by Chiang Kai-shek, and allocated as many as1000,000 rounds of bullets and more than 250,000 standard grenades to the Eighth Route Army at one time, accompanied by a large number of combat readiness materials such as food, military pay and uniforms.

At that time, some people in the logistics department of the national army theater were afraid to sign the allocation because they were worried that the quantity was too large. Wei Lihuang put down his airs, personally understood it with emotion, moved it with reason, and did ideological work for the following people, which finally prompted the batch of materials to arrive in the revolutionary holy land of Yan 'an in northern Shaanxi smoothly and in time.

Wei Lihuang was besieged and blocked by the Japanese army, and was forced to go through northern Shaanxi and go straight down to Jinnan to create an anti-Japanese base area. When he passed by Yan 'an, Chairman Mao specially held a grand welcome banquet and personally invited Wei Lihuang to dinner.

He generously donated money to support the Eighth Route Army's righteous act of persisting in the war of resistance, and made extremely high recognition and commendation.

At that time, Comrade Lin Boqu, who was resident in Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province and served as the representative of the Eighth Route Army's Shaanxi office, and one of the five elders in Yan 'an, personally wrote a letter and presented it to Wei Lihuang: The Yellow River is the barrier of North China, but now Mr. Wei Lihuang is defending it.

All the black materials were pressed down, and Wei Lihuang became the commander of the Jicha theater.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/939, after Chiang Kai-shek moved to Chongqing, the temporary capital, he immediately dispatched troops and appointed Wei Lihuang as the chairman of the Henan provincial government to defend the Central Plains.

During this period, Wei Lihuang's contact with the Eighth Route Army of the * * * production party became closer. At the direct instigation of Wei Lihuang, our party set up a special Eighth Route Army office in Luoyang, the capital of Henan Province.

As long as Premier Zhou, Mr. Zhu, Mr. Peng Dehuai, Mr. Xiao Ke and General Zuo Quan go to Luoyang, Henan Province to handle affairs, Wei Lihuang will always do his best to invite the top leaders of our party and army to dinner and see a play.

And Wei Lihuang's ambiguous attitude of "distinguishing between the enemy and ourselves" has been targeted and accused by the military and the central authorities for several times in a row.

There are many factions within the Kuomintang, and unhealthy practices such as collusion and intolerance are common, and corruption is rampant from top to bottom. Dai Li, the spy chief, has long been jealous of Wei Lihuang's long-term military power, and often flies to Luoyang secretly by special plane to collect "evidence" of Wei Lihuang's dealings with the * * * production party.

He warned and accused Chiang Kai-shek on trumped-up charges of "protecting the Eighth Route Army, disloyalty to the party and state, and disloyalty to President Jiang". Moreover, Dai Li also took this opportunity to secretly arrest a large number of patriotic intellectuals who pursued advanced ideas and were eager for progress.

At the same time, Tang Enbo, Jiang Dingwen, Chen Cheng and others are also salivating at the lucrative post of chairman of the Henan provincial government, and they often unite to suppress Wei Lihuang.

But considering the extraordinary times, Chiang Kai-shek suppressed all the "black materials" of Wei Lihuang, and instead of making any treatment, he made more use of Wei Lihuang and personally issued an order:

Wei Lihuang was appointed as the commander and chief of Jicha Theater, and placed water at the back of Zhongtiaoshan Mountain to defend the Yellow River and North China to the death. From February to March of the same year, Chiang Kai-shek took advantage of the Eighth Route Army to fight bloody battles with the Japanese army in the front line of North China, and he had no time to take care of it.

Suddenly secretly instructed Zhu Huaibing, commander of the 97th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. Through secret contact with Pang Bingxun, Zhang Yinwu, Hou Ruyong and others, suddenly from Cixian county and Wu 'an area, troops were sent to attack the anti-Japanese revolutionary base in Taihang Mountain area, which set off the climax of destroying the United anti-Japanese front for the first time.

Zhu Huaibing echoed the Japanese invaders in North China from a distance, conspired with each other, and attacked and killed revolutionary soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and patriotic people in the base areas. His hands were covered with the blood of innocent people, and his arrogance was very arrogant.

According to Chairman Mao's highest instruction, "If people don't attack me, I won't attack, and if people attack me, I will attack", the Eighth Route Army waged a well-founded and courteous struggle against the reactionary and stubborn Kuomintang army.

Zhu Huaibing is an insatiable and insatiable straw bag. As soon as he entered Taihang Mountain, he led the troops to generate electricity to Wei Lihuang, who is located in the Central Plains.

Ask him to send reinforcements at once to crack down on the * * * production party. Unexpectedly, it was rejected and reprimanded by Wei Lihuang. As a result, Zhu Huaibing's troops were easily annihilated by the Eighth Route Army.

The smoke on both sides of the strait is red as fire, and this business can comfort and hate.

Chiang Kai-shek flew into a rage after receiving the battle report from the front. Immediately in the autumn of 1940, he issued a warning order to Wei Lihuang: If you go to Taihang Mountain in person to negotiate with the Eighth Route Army, you must do everything possible to stop the * * * production party from becoming bigger and stronger.

Mr. Zhu, the general commander of the Eighth Route Army, personally held peace talks with Luoyang, Henan Province, and Wei Lihuang. The two sides finally reached an agreement: take the Zhanghe River as the boundary, delimit the defense areas of their respective activities to avoid further friction, mutual non-aggression and mutual interference.

However, Wei Lihuang blatantly continued to violate the orders issued by Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin, and as usual, he allotted the Eighth Route Army with sufficient munitions and supplies.

Further publicize the anti-Japanese revolutionary ideas of the national United front to all walks of life, and do everything possible to continue to win over Chiang Kai-shek and remain in the anti-Japanese camp.

At that time, when Mr. Zhu went down Taihang Mountain to negotiate with Wei Lihuang in Luoyang, Henan Province, he had to cross the blockade line built by the Japanese invaders in North China on the way, so Liu Bocheng, the commander of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division, specially sent the 3rd company of the 385th Brigade to protect his life.

Peng Dehuai, deputy commander-in-chief, Liu Bocheng, division commander of 129, and Comrade Deng Xiaoping, political commissar, jointly issued a strict order: No matter what happens on the road, you must ensure the safety of Mr. Zhu.

All the officers and men of Company 3 stood at attention and saluted, and issued a military order to the three heads with the most serious attitude: Yes, to ensure the completion of the task, please rest assured the party and the heads, and even if Company 3 fights to the last person, it will swear to defend the safety of Boss Zhu to the death.

Considering that Mr. Zhu was 54 years old at that time, after consulting with Mr. Peng Dehuai, Liu Bocheng specially assigned him a horse as a means of walking. At the same time, he also specially found a mule with good foot strength to carry the file box and luggage for Mr. Zhu.

And brought a copy of the anti-Japanese war film "Yan 'an and the Eighth Route Army" filmed by our army behind enemy lines, so as to facilitate publicity in Luoyang.

But Mr. Zhu loves soldiers like children and doesn't want to be special at all, so he basically doesn't ride horses all the way, but walks with the soldiers of Company 3, and sometimes takes the initiative to carry the file box and luggage with a pole for a while.

Give up the horses and mules for the soldiers who are in poor health and injured. When it got dark, Mr. Zhu set up a tent with the soldiers, squeezed out some of the food distributed to him by the organization and shared it with the soldiers equally.

And personally called clean water to scrub the wounds and wash feet for the wounded, without any high-ranking officials, which made the 3 rd company very moved.

When preparing to pass the Japanese blockade, Mr. Zhu personally went to the front to inspect the enemy's situation, carefully summarized and analyzed, and deployed through the blockade with the company commander and instructor of Company 3.

At the critical moment, Mr. Zhu dressed up as an old farmer in the countryside, and under the guidance of the local guide, he passed the Japanese sentry patrol area with no difficulty, and went through the Japanese blockade line without anyone knowing it.

After getting off the Taihang Mountain, Mr. Zhu crossed the Yellow River eastward from Mianchi area for several days. Mr. Zhu looked at the mother river, the Yellow River, which was constantly flowing, and witnessed the great rivers and mountains crushed by the Japanese invaders all the way. With indignation, between the ups and downs of emotions, he wrote a seven-character quatrain "Out of Taihang".

The phrase "the smoke on both sides of the strait is like fire, and this business can comfort and hate each other" has become an immortal sentence that has been passed down to later generations, and it also shows the determination of Mr. Zhu to worry about the country and the people, stick to the United anti-Japanese front, expel Hu Lu and restore China.

Aren't you afraid that they will run away?

After crossing the Yellow River, Mr. Zhu came all the way in a hurry, heading straight to the ancient city of Luoyang in the starry night, and under the arrangement of Wei Lihuang, he stayed in the guest house in the first war zone.

However, the soldiers of Company 3 were worried about Mr. Zhu, so they loaded their bullets directly and stood at the door all night. When Mr. Zhu got up in the middle of the night to go to the toilet, he saw that three soldiers were ready to go, and after being in a state of high tension, he couldn't help but have his heart, so he ordered them to go to rest quickly:

Comrades, I am very pleased with your protection, but also very sad. Although we are in the national army camp, there is no need to be so nervous, which makes people look down upon us.

Relax a little, and let go a little. The Kuomintang dare not do anything to me. Now is a critical period for the national United front to resist Japan. If anyone dares to ignore this overall situation, it is a historical sinner and a sinner of the Chinese nation.

Even after escorting Mr. Zhu into Luoyang, Henan Province, he still practiced hard every day. In the morning, he carried the old and new miscellaneous brand "Made in the World", shouted loud slogans and military songs to do morning exercises, and made uniform steps and queues, which looked particularly mighty and attracted the attention of the national army.

They don't believe that this is the most common company soldier, and they have repeatedly expressed sarcasm behind their backs: it seems that the * * * production party is also superficial and directs superficial efforts.

This company is not an ordinary soldier at all. It must have deployed senior military chiefs from various ministries to fill the facade. How can ordinary soldiers have such momentum?

Even the soldiers and Mr. Zhu were very funny about this statement, and they didn't take the initiative to explain it. They just said faintly: The anti-Japanese war in the front line of North China is fierce, and the tasks of anti-mopping up and anti-encirclement and suppression are so important that we can't do without people. How can we have so many cadres to accompany me as an old man?

During his stay in Luoyang, Mr. Zhu often played basketball and football with the 3 rd company soldiers. At this time, the three floors outside the stadium were crowded with onlookers.

When they saw that Mr. Zhu didn't have any high-ranking officials, and he didn't care about the identity gap, he became one with ordinary soldiers and sweated for a ball. While expressing incredible, he also felt very envious:

The officers and men of the Eighth Route Army are equal, there is no intrigue, and the officers and men are consistent. Mr. Zhu and the soldiers are like brothers, and they have good feelings and admire them. I really admire them. This kind of situation will never happen in the hierarchical feudal national army.

In addition, during the negotiations in Luoyang, Mr. Zhu also allowed the soldiers of the Third Company of the Eighth Route Army to go shopping freely. This was just a trivial matter, but it directly shocked Wei Lihuang, then commander-in-chief of the First Theater in Jicha and chairman of the Henan Provincial Party Committee.

He looked worried and found Mr. Zhu, and was very surprised. He asked, Brother Yujie, how can you let the soldiers leave the supervision and go out to the streets casually? Aren't you afraid of their desertion and escape?

Boss Zhu took a meaningful look at Wei Lihuang, smiled and shook his head: Soldiers of the Eighth Route Army never deserted their minds.

They have never been deserters since they joined the revolution, because they all chose to join the army voluntarily, and they know what their responsibilities and tasks are.

Now is the critical period of resisting China and saving the nation. It is said that every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the country. How can every conscientious Japanese run away at this moment? They went to war and died in order to drive away the invaders, and also to let their children and grandchildren live in peace for the rest of their lives and stop fighting.

No one left behind, no one defected, and no one was a deserter.

Wei Lihuang's question actually has something to do with Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary feudal warlord dictatorship.

1949 Before Chiang Kai-shek defeated and fled to Taiwan Province, a relatively mature modern military service system could not be established within the national army, and he only chose to recruit young men in the countryside to supplement his troops. After eight years of all-round anti-Japanese war, Chiang Kai-shek arrested thousands of young men.

However, these able-bodied men did not sacrifice on the battlefield, but they died miserably under the exploitation and beatings of senior officials of the national army. The proportion of non-war damage was even higher than that of war damage. Only Chiang Kai-shek could make such ridiculous behavior.

Therefore, the result of the vicious circle of Chiang Kai-shek's arrest of able-bodied men is that people's hearts are exhausted. All soldiers in the national army want to be deserters, and the soldiers in the national army are like thieves.

As long as the escaped soldiers are found, they will definitely fight to the death in an attempt to put an end to desertion with the threat of death. And such an approach is tantamount to killing the goose that lays the golden egg.

So, the situation that the Eighth Route Army can freely enter and leave the barracks and go shopping in the streets is simply unimaginable to the national army. It is no wonder that Wei Lihuang will be nervous to ask Mr. Zhu, but the treatment of the Eighth Route Army also makes the national soldiers envious.

After the successful completion of the peace talks between Mr. Zhu and Wei Lihuang, he offered to leave and took the lead in taking the train to Xi 'an, reporting to the Eighth Route Army Office and explaining the next series of tasks.

The 3rd Company, which was responsible for protecting him, returned to Taihang Mountain base area after a few days' rest.

Come, because of the boss Zhu bring up the rear, so the national army did not dare to plot against the Eighth Route Army, but at this time, the boss Zhu had left, so the national army began to stab in the back and tried every trick to deal with the Third Company.

Either they refused to pay salaries along the way, or they were lured by high officials' generosity and beauty, or they didn't provide accommodation, threatening and indulging this company with outstanding military comprehensive quality to leave the Eighth Route Army.

However, to the great disappointment of the national army, although Company 3 left the big army and Mr. Zhu didn't continue to bring up the rear, it resisted all temptations and launched a well-founded struggle with the national army in the midst of difficulties and hardships.

With the help of the people along the way, I finally walked out of Zhongtiao Mountain and returned to Taihang Mountain via Taiyue Mountain.

No one left behind, no one defected, and no one deserted, which not only raised the face of boss Zhu, but also indirectly contributed to the prestige and momentum of the * * * production party and the Eighth Route Army.

Peng Dehuai, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, after understanding the incident, signed orders one after another, commending Do not forget your initiative mind's integrity in the whole army, highly affirming and appreciating their code of conduct, which is an example for the whole army to learn.