For patients with liver cirrhosis, foods with high protein, high vitamins and high heat energy are still applicable. However, patients with liver cirrhosis are different from patients with hepatitis, so we should pay attention to the following problems while ingesting foods with high protein, high vitamins and high calorie.
(1) Daily intake of protein: protein is the material basis of life, which can protect liver function, increase body resistance, promote the regeneration and recovery of liver cells, maintain plasma protein level, and prevent ascites, edema and anemia. However, excessive intake of protein is easy to help burn the liver, or accumulate dampness, which will damage the spleen and liver, so patients with liver cirrhosis can't always eat high-protein food. The average patient's daily diet contains about100g of protein. If the patient has obvious dyspepsia, protein's digestion and absorption is not good, and it should be reduced to about 60 grams per day. If there is intestinal bleeding, you need to fast temporarily. If the patient has premonition of hepatic coma, the food in protein should be reduced to no more than 30 grams per day or a protein-free diet. Because protein food is easy to decompose and produce blood ammonia after reaching the intestinal cavity, it can aggravate coma. If the patient has been in hepatic coma for more than 3 days, 20-30 grams of protein can be fed by nose every day to maintain nitrogen balance, and then gradually increase the amount after waking up.
(2) Eat proper amount of fat and sugar every day: Patients with liver cirrhosis often have reduced ability to digest fat due to bile excretion disorder or poor bile concentration function. Therefore, high-fat food should not be given, so as not to cause upper abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. However, we should not limit fat too much, because the loss of fat will reduce the appetite of patients and often cause constipation. Excessive restriction of fat will also affect the absorption of essential amino acids and fat-soluble vitamins. The fat content in the recipe can be around 40-50g every day, so it is advisable to choose vegetable fat as far as possible.
The amount of sugar in patients with liver cirrhosis can be about 400-500 grams per day, and the total calorie in compensatory period can be about 2500 kilocalories.
(3) Avoid eating foods containing crude fiber: The number of hepatic fibrosis cells in patients with liver cirrhosis increases, and the normal liver structure is disordered, which squeezes the liver blood vessels and hinders the venous blood return of the liver, causing portal hypertension and esophageal varices. In addition, the coagulation mechanism of patients with liver cirrhosis is poor, so patients with liver cirrhosis are prone to bleeding, and even fatal massive bleeding. In order to avoid the above complications, patients with liver cirrhosis usually make semi-liquid food or liquid food with little residue and no irritation, such as soft rice, porridge, cake, tofu, minced meat, minced meat, chicken soup, lotus root starch, fruit powder and cooked soft fruit. Vegetables should be cooked fresh, and it is best to make them into puree. You should chew slowly when eating. Don't eat some vegetables containing crude fiber, such as celery, leek, old cabbage, old radish, etc.