Purple beetroot, or root beet, also known as beetroot, is a biennial herb of the genus beet in the family of quinoa, the first year of growth into a rosette of leaf clusters and fleshy roots, leaf blades, leaf veins, and fleshy roots are dark purple. The leaf blade is large, the petiole is long and thick, and the above-ground leaf blade is about 30 centimeters high. The fleshy root contains anthocyanidin, and its cross-section has distinctive purplish-red rings. Reproductive growth takes place in the second year, with flowering during May, and the inflorescence is a panicle composed of small spikes.

Purple beetroot seeds at 4 ℃ when the seedling needs more than 20 days, at 10 ℃ when the seedling needs 10 to 14 days, and with the soaked seeds can be sown in 6 to 7 days. The purple beetroot prefers cool climate, growth temperature of 12 ~ 26 ℃, heat resistance is weak, cold, frost tolerance. 2 ~ 6 ℃ by 30 ~ 80 days through the vernalization stage, spring sowing too early easy to shoot first. Purple beetroot is a long sunshine plant, like strong light. The adaptability of the soil is very strong, but in the well-drained, loose soil, moist, fertile alluvial soil growth is best, sandy loam is also better, should not be planted in the clay soil, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil response is sensitive to the appropriate pH of 5.8 to 7.0, beyond this range is poor growth.