Introduction of Laiyang Pear
Introduction of Laiyang Pear, this is a kind of fruit that you may know less about, then the taste of this fruit, how to use, how much do you know? Next I will share with you some of the introduction of Laiyang pear, welcome to your reference.
The introduction of Laiyang pear 1Laiyang pear is also called Chip pear, fruit of benevolence, Rosaceae, pear genus, deciduous trees, is one of the four major economic cultivated pear species - white pear's excellent varieties. It is a specialty of Laiyang City, Shandong Province, and was listed as a Chinese National Geographical Indication product in 2009, with a history of planting and cultivation of more than 400 years.
Kangxi version of the "Laiyang County Records" for the local pear varieties of records, did not mention this variety. Although Laiyang pear planting history earlier, but in the early Qing Dynasty did not cause greater concern. To the Republic of China, Laiyang pear fame is growing. For example, "Shandong Tongzhi" recorded "pear, Fushan most, and Laiyang good", and "Laiyang County Zhi" said Laiyang pear is "for the fruit of the top grade" more trafficking to Yantai, Qingdao, Jinan, and even now Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoshen area, Shanghai, Guangdong, etc.. and so on.
The following is divided into four parts to introduce the analysis of Laiyang pear varieties.
(a) species characteristics
First, the external characteristics of Laiyang pear, the fruit shape is obovate, thick head and tail thin, the calyx is concave, brown. The fruit is large, around the fruiting pedicel or one side of the raised, slightly oblique or straight fruiting pedicel. The brown color of its calyx is caused by its unique management process of flower pinching technology, not a natural formation. Secondly, the pericarp is green or yellowish green, with rough surface, brown rust spots, and large and dense fruit spots. The third is the internal characteristics of the flesh texture tender and dense, few stone cells, rich in juice, crisp and sweet taste.
(B) chemical and organizational characteristics
Laiyang pear origin for the oil sand, sandy soil containing mica more than the reflectivity of light, the pear tree can carry out full photosynthesis, which produces a large amount of organic substances and polysaccharides. Laiyang is located in the temperate monsoon climate zone, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the low temperature at night is not easy to consume sugar, accelerating the accumulation of pear fruit sugar. At the same time, the high temperature during the day is conducive to the acid in the melon and fruit 'metabolic decomposition, and thus low acidity in the fruit. So it is the first chemical characteristics is high sugar content, average up to 12% or so, than the general pear sugar content of 2% - 3%. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Laiyang pear sugar content of up to 17.7%. The second feature is that the acidity is small, only 0.13% - 0.15%. The humus in the fine sandy soil of the oil sand land is especially much, the soil is loose, and the permeability is good. Laiyang County Records recorded in the river confluence of the sandy land "sandy soil desert, containing humus plants." So Laiyang pear contains protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, niacin, carotene a variety of nutrients as well as malic acid, citric acid and other organic acids and fruit acids. It is also rich in 17 kinds of amino acids, including more than 10 kinds of amino acids needed by the human body. River upstream flushing brings a lot of minerals so it also contains iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, boron and other trace elements.
Between the various varieties of pear, the amount of stone cells in the flesh of the amount of pear quality has a greater impact on the quality of the stone cell content less quality. Laiyang pear organization is characterized by few stone cells, stone cell diameter is less than 150 microns, so the flesh is finer. According to Laiyang Agricultural College in 1978: pear pulp cells have two kinds of cells, that is, the dough around the cell and the dough between the cells. Pear flesh in the pericycle cell short or length, intergroup cells large and more, the flesh is fine, juicy, research shows that Laiyang pear has this organizational characteristics.
(C) quality testing
Brix is an important indicator of Laiyang pear fruit quality, fruit hardness is also one of the components of fruit quality.
According to the paper "The effect of timely harvesting on the quality of Laiyang pears" in the journal China Fruit and Vegetable in 2016, there are three main methods of experimental testing: the determination of brix, the determination of hardness and the determination of weight. Table 1 is a year from September 14th to October 30th Laiyang pear sugar changes, it can be clearly seen that the sugar in October 23rd reached a peak, Table 2 hardness with the passage of time is a downward trend, Table 3 Laiyang pear single fruit weight is increasing.
Accordingly, it can be seen, Laiyang pear brix maximum time is the middle and late October, its brix value can reach 13% ~ 15%, this period of time the fruit reached the best flavor,. The best time for harvesting is early to mid-October if the flavor and storage effects are taken into account. In the single fruit weight can be seen in mid-October reached 450g, continue to ripen after the Laiyang pear single fruit weight can reach more than 500g. Although the weight is increasing, the increase in the weight of the ripened fruit is small. So according to the paper these three quality testing methods, it can be determined that the Laiyang pear is suitable for harvesting at the right ripening period, and can be transported and then sold; in the finished ripening period to achieve the best edible flavor quality.
(D) cooking processing and utilization of the situation
Laiyang pear is not only a delicious seasonal fruit, and cooking processing and utilization of many methods. Can be made of dried pears, dried pears, pear sauce, canned pears in sugar water, as well as brewing, brewing vinegar niche processing. Listed well-known products are mainly pear juice, pear cream.
This is some of the more niche cooking methods,
This is the production of Laiyang pear juice of the two well-known brands "Pear Runtang" and "Yipintang".
Laiyang pear introduction 2
Product characteristics
Laiyang pear skin yellowish-green, rough and brown rust spots, fruit shape head thick tail thin, calyx concave, not beautiful on the surface, but after the peeling of the Prime with a thick and hard fruit stalks, like a milky ice-cream, the meat is tender, rich in juice, sweet as syrup, crisp and sweet, has a unique flavor. flavor, is the top of the pear.
Laiyang pear color slightly dark green, brown spots on the type of oval, only Laiyang Wulong River on both sides of a number of acres of production of authentic Laiyang pear, also known as Perfume Pear, crisp and juicy, such as accidentally falling, both bursting such as the water dispersal, eating to quench the thirst of the summer heat, not exhaustive cool.
Laiyang pear skin green-yellow, rough and black spots, fruit shape head thick tail thin, not beautiful on the surface, but peeled Prime hard fruit stalks, its meat tender, sweet as syrup, crisp and delicious, with a unique flavor
Origin environment
Laiyang pear has become a pear fruit in the best, it is with its growth. The natural environment is inseparable." Laiyang pear main origin in the Wulong River Basin, Laiyang territory has five big rivers, namely, Qingshui River, Ink River, Fushui River, Shell River and Bailong River. These five rivers converge at the mouth of the Wulong River in Zhaowangzhuang. It has silted up into a vast field of oily sand. This fine sandy soil humus is particularly high, containing mica is also high, loose soil, good permeability, strong reflection of light. Therefore, the pear trees cultivated here can carry out full photosynthesis, and because of this sandy soil warming sharp, fast heat dissipation, large temperature difference between day and night, the pear tree during the day in the photosynthesis of sugar, low temperature at night is not easy to consume, thus accelerating the accumulation of pear fruit sugar. Therefore, Laiyang pear sugar content of about 14%.
History
Various Laiyang Pear
"Legend of Laiyang Pear" story has been widely circulated, and most of the scholars and inheritors of the story believe that the origin of the story in the end of the Ming Dynasty ( 1627), formed in the end of the Ming Dynasty, and the story of the Laiyang Pear in the end of the Ming Dynasty ( 1627), formed in the end of the Ming Dynasty. 1627), formed in the early Qing Dynasty (1658). According to "Laiyang County Records", "rumor has it that the people in Chiping got it", that is to say, there should be a pear first and then there is a legend. According to the examination, so far in laiyang zhouwangzhuang town luer port village pear garden there is a 400 years old pear tree, trunk growth is still very strong, annual plant yield of nearly three, four hundred kilograms.
"Laiyang County Records", "County River, Zhangshui River, both sides of the sandy soil wide desert, containing decayed plants." This sandy soil is a unique brown fine sandy soil, containing more mica, loose soil, good permeability, conducive to the growth of pear trees, and a strong reflection of light, enabling the leaves to carry out full photosynthesis. This unique natural environment is the main reason for the unique flavor of Laiyang pear.
Laiyang pear is rumored to be the Qing Dynasty Yi people Zhang Fengqing in Chiping County, served as inspector, checking the school tasted a pear: thin skin, fine flesh, delicious flavor, they brought back pear buds and local Pear grafting cultivated. However, according to new evidence, there was no Chiping pear cultivation in the history of Chiping. Experts in the research to explore the original ancestor of the Chip Pear, found the Shandong Province, Chip Pear "five sisters", namely, Qingdao, Qingdao, Zhucheng, Zhucheng, Teng County Croucher Pear, Cao County, Cao County, crooked brown pears and Plain County in the territory of the original Enxian Jinxiang Pear. They all have some of the attributes of Laiyang pear, "blood" close, but not as good as the Laiyang pear, Laiyang pear alone on top of the various colors of pear fruit.
In 2010, Laiyang pear industry employees for 42,400 people, accounting for 80% of the town's total population; industry added value of 423.9 million yuan, accounting for 66.8% of the town's GDP; operating income of 157,000,000 yuan, accounting for the town of the two or three industries operating income of 61.9%; paid taxes 78 million yuan, accounting for the town of the tax proportion of 55.4%, contributing to the town's fiscal rate. The contribution rate to the town's finance is 51.8%.