The food habits of eels are mainly benthic animals, such as water earthworms, snails, tadpoles, small fish and shrimps, etc. So how do you raise eels? The following is the content I compiled about the methods of raising eels. I hope you like it!

How to raise eels

1. Breeding methods in still pools

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The characteristics of keeping in a still pond are that the exchange of water is small, and there is mud at the bottom of the pond for the eels to dig holes or artificial objects for the eels to inhabit.

The location of the breeding pond should be leeward and facing the sun, with a good water source. The shape can be rectangular or oval, and the size depends on the breeding scale. There are two types of pool structures: cement pools and earth pools. There are usually three types of cement ponds: above-ground, underground and semi-underground. The water temperature of above-ground cement ponds changes greatly with the seasons, which is unfavorable for raising eels. Underground and semi-underground types are more commonly used. To build an earthen pool, choose a location with hard soil. It is best to lay a layer of linoleum on the bottom and wall of the pool, and the corners should be paved tightly. Then, spread 20 cm of earth on the linoleum on the pool wall and 10 cm of the pool bottom. In this way, both It can prevent pool water from leaking and prevent eels from escaping through holes. Whether it is a cement pool or an earthen pool, it must be equipped with good inlet and drainage facilities. The diameter of the inlet and drainage pipes should be 4 to 10 cm. A plastic mesh or wire mesh should be installed inside the pool to prevent escape.

After the eel pond is built, it is necessary to fill it with water to clear the pond. The purpose is two-fold: one is to check whether it leaks; the other is to use water to absorb and remove harmful substances in the cement and soil. Fill and drain the new pool 3 to 5 times, soaking for 2 to 3 days each time, which can basically remove harmful substances. After 10 days, spread 20 to 30 cm thick fertilizer mud on the bottom of the drained pond. The fertilizer mud is made by mixing grass, manure and soil and then retting. After the fertilizer mud at the bottom of the pond is paved, aquatic plants, such as water lilies, water peanuts, water hyacinths, etc., are planted in the pond to cool the eel pond and allow the eels to hide and inhabit. The water depth of eel ponds should be kept at 10 centimeters, and should not exceed 20 centimeters at most.

Seven days before eel seedlings are released, the fish pond should be cleaned and disinfected. Use 0.2 kilograms of quicklime per square meter of water surface and sprinkle the entire pond evenly. After disinfection, fill the entire pool with clean water. When stocking eel seedlings, the water temperature in the transport container and the water temperature in the fish pond should not differ by too much 3 to 5°C. The stocking density of eels is determined by factors such as the size of the eel seedlings, feeding and management conditions, and the number of feed sources. Generally, when eels are raised in small fish ponds, it is better to stock 2 to 5 kilograms of eel seedlings per square meter. If the scale of stocking is large, the quantity can be reduced accordingly; if the scale of stocking is small, the quantity can be increased accordingly. If the feed is sufficient, you can put more; if the feed is insufficient, you can put less. Because eels have the habit of eating large ones and killing each other, they need to be stocked in large and small ponds when stocking. Be sure to choose eel seedlings that are healthy, free from injuries and diseases, and neatly sized, and avoid mixing large and small eels. The best size for stocking is that each eel seedling weighs about 20 grams. Too small or too large is not good. Raising eels at high density in fish ponds is the same as when transporting them. When raising eel seedlings, some loaches should also be released appropriately. When the loaches move up and down, dissolved oxygen in the water can be increased and the eels can be prevented from entangled with each other.

Eels at different growth stages should be fed different feeds to ensure their nutritional needs. Seedlings that have just been hatched for 4 to 5 days are mainly fed with water fleas, cooked egg yolks, soy milk, etc. Among them, live water fleas and live rotifers cultured in water are the best. Therefore, the water quality should be improved at this time so that there are sufficient water fleas and rotifers in the fish pond for the eel seedlings to feed. If the eel seedlings are stocked at a high density, you can also cultivate them in another pond or fish out water fleas from natural waters for the eel seedlings to feed on. In the future, as the eels grow up, they can gradually be fed earthworms, snails, clams, etc. At the same time, some plant-based feeds should be combined, such as wheat bran, rice, fruits, vegetables, etc. Earthworms have the best feeding effect in the feed. Every 5 to 6 grams of fresh earthworms can increase 1 gram of eel meat. In addition to collecting earthworms in the wild, earthworms can also be bred and bred in the garbage piles in front and behind the house to provide food for eels. The "Four Certainties" must be adhered to when feeding feed. When eels grow in nature, they have the habit of foraging during the day and at night. When first raised, they can be fed every evening, and then gradually advance the feeding time. After about 10 days of domestication, they can be fed at 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. every day. Feed three times at 2 o'clock and 6 o'clock in the evening to ensure that the eels have sufficient food. Each feeding should be flexibly controlled according to the weather, water temperature and the amount of residual bait. Generally, 5% of the eel's total weight is fed.

2. Eel farming in running water

Compared with conventional eel farming in earthen ponds, eel farming in running water has the advantages of less land occupation, high stocking density, fast growth, high yield, management and catching. Convenience and other advantages. Especially in places with geothermal water and waste water from factories, it is more beneficial to use warm water to raise eels.

Soilless flowing water fish ponds are best built indoors and made of cement bricks. The area of ??the pool is generally 2 to 5 square meters, and the height of the pool wall is about 50 centimeters. Several pools can be connected in series. Each pool is equipped with two inlet and drainage holes, upper and lower, and the openings are blocked with mesh covers. A general water inlet channel and a drainage channel are set up between every two rows of pools. After the cement pool is built, close the main drainage hole, then fill it with water and soak it for more than 7 days to eliminate the floating dust in the cement. Drain the water and then fill it with clean water. Close the lower drainage holes and open only the upper drainage holes to keep the pool water at a certain depth and with micro-flow. If geothermal water or power plant cooling water is used, the water temperature must be artificially controlled according to the prevailing temperature conditions so that eels can grow well at the appropriate temperature.

In order to prevent eel species from contracting diseases, the eel species should be soaked in a 10 mg/L malachite green solution for 30 minutes before being released into the wild. After disinfection, the eel species should be put into a cement tank in a timely manner. Each square meter can hold 4 to 5 kilograms. In order to make the eel species accustomed to artificial feeding, "taming" can be carried out, that is, no feeding is given for 2 to 3 days after the eel species are released, so that the eel body becomes fasting. When eels are hungry, they have a higher feeding rate when fed artificial feed. The animal and plant ingredients in the feed should be properly matched, and artificial compound pellet feed can also be fed. Due to the continuous supply of micro-flowing water, especially warm running water with geothermal water and residual hot water, eels can grow all year round, and the annual output per hectare can be as high as more than 150,000 kilograms. Although the investment in infrastructure such as cement pools in this breeding method is relatively large, the economic benefits are considerable due to the high output. Where conditions permit, it can be adopted according to local conditions.

3. Cultivation of eels and earthworms in flowing water

1. Build a pond

Choose a place with year-round running water to build a pond. The pool is a cement pool, with an area of ??30, 50, or 80 square meters. The pool wall is 80 to 100 centimeters high. There are water inlets and outlets at diagonal corners, and anti-escape devices are installed on both.

2. Pile soil

Pile several soil strips 1 to 5 strips wide and 25 cm thick in the pool. The distance between the borders is 20 cm, and the distance between the surrounding areas and the pool wall is also 20 cm. The piled soil must be loam rich in organic matter to facilitate earthworms to breed and eels to drill holes and hide.

3. Cultivate earthworms

After the soil is piled up, keep the water depth in the pond at 5 to 10 centimeters, and then put Taiping No. 2 earthworm species 2, 5 to 3 per square meter of soil area kilograms, and spread 4 to 5 centimeters of fermented cow dung on the border to allow earthworms to breed. After that, every 3 to 4 days, scrape off the upper layer of cow dung that has been eaten by earthworms, and add new cow dung per square meter. 4 to 5 kilograms of fermented cow dung. After about 14 days of this, the earthworms will reproduce in large numbers and the eel seeds can be put in.

4. Stocking

The stocking density depends on the specifications of the eel species. Calculated based on the entire pond area, if there are 30 to 40 eels per kilogram, 4 kilograms per square meter; For 40 to 50 pieces, put 3 kilograms per square meter. In this way, from April to November, the survival rate is above 90%, and the specifications are 6 to 10 per kilogram.

5. Management

After the eel seeds are placed, the water depth in the pond should be maintained at about 10 cm, and micro-flowing water should be maintained. From now on, scrape off a layer of cow dung from the border every 3 to 4 days, and then add 4 to 5 kilograms of new fermented cow dung per square meter to ensure that earthworms continue to reproduce and allow the eels to feed in the soil by themselves. Feed other feeds.

This breeding method has good water quality and excellent live food - earthworms for eels to feed on. Therefore, eels are less likely to get sick, grow quickly, have high yields, and have good economic benefits. Generally, they can produce 100,000 grams per square meter. Monopterus eel weighs 14 to 15 kilograms.

Living habits of eel

Eel is a fish of the eel genus in the order Synbranchidae, also known as eel, especially snake, snake fish and blood eel.

Eels live at the bottom of water bodies and like to live in caves. They often dig burrows at the bottom of lakes, rivers, ponds, ditches and rice fields or on embankments. The length of the eel's cave is about three times its body length, and the cave is curved and intersecting. There are usually more than two caves along each cave. The exit of the burrow is often close to the water's surface so that it can stick its head out to breathe air. The eel's activity habit is to lie in the cave during the day and come out at night to look for food. Night capture can be carried out based on this habit. The eel's gills are in a degraded state, and they mainly rely on the epidermis and auxiliary respiratory organs to breathe oxygen directly from the air. Therefore, they can live normally in water with very low oxygen content. Accordingly, the density of artificial breeding can be increased. The eel's body surface is rich in mucus. As long as the body surface is kept moist, it will not die, so it is very convenient to transport.

The food habits of eels are mainly benthic animals, such as water earthworms, snails, tadpoles, small fish and shrimps, etc. In addition, they also eat some decaying matter, algae, vegetables, etc.

The breeding habits of eels have many special features. The gonads of female eels vary in size from left to right, with the right side being developed and the left side degenerated. Generally, 2-year-old fish reach sexual maturity. The biggest characteristic of eel reproduction is the phenomenon of "sex reversal". From the embryonic period to the first sexual maturity, it is a female individual. After laying eggs, the ovaries gradually turn into testes. When the second sexual maturity occurs, sperm is excreted. From then on, it is a male for life. If eels are divided by their length, those with a body length of less than 22 cm are all female; those with a body length of about 36 cm, male and female individuals account for half each; and those with a body length of 53 cm or more are all male. The eel's spawning period is from April to August, and the number of eggs it carries is relatively small, usually around 500. During spawning, the parent fish often spit foam at the entrance of the cave where they live, and the eggs are laid on the roots of aquatic plants or between stone crevices near the entrance of the cave. The foam has the effect of retaining the eggs. Fertilized eggs usually hatch into young fish in about 8 days. About 12 days after hatching, the young fish can actively swim and look for food. During this period, the young fish are protected by male and female parent fish and rely on yolk sac nutrition.

The growth of eels is relatively slow. The first-year-old fish can grow to 20 cm, the second-year-old fish can grow to 30 cm, and the third-year-old fish can grow to 40 cm. The growth rate of artificially cultured eels is related to whether there is sufficient food. When there is sufficient food, they generally grow faster than in nature.

The activity of eel is closely related to water temperature. The suitable water temperature for its growth is 15~30℃.

When the water temperature is below 10°C, it stops feeding and enters hibernation; when the water temperature reaches above 15°C, it begins to hunt normally; when the water temperature exceeds 30°C, it crawls into a cave to spend the summer.

How to raise eels