The main pathogens that bring these stimuli are: smoking, catching cold, catching cold, inhaling human dust, body allergy, climate change, air pollution and so on. Stimulation causes repeated infection of bronchi and bronchioles, which leads to thickening, twisting and narrowing of the inner walls of these pipes, and the bronchi are blocked by excessive mucus and tube walls, which will cause chronic bronchitis.
The first symptoms of chronic bronchitis are morning cough, expectoration, sometimes dry cough and sometimes white mucus sputum. Finally, he coughed, had difficulty breathing, and gasped almost all year round. When the condition of chronic bronchitis is serious, respiratory failure and lung cancer will occur.
The incidence of chronic bronchitis is high in the elderly, and patients may cough for months. In addition, because the exchange space between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs is reduced, the heart must work harder to maintain enough blood, which may lead to heart disease.
Family therapy measures
give up smoking
For patients with chronic bronchitis, quitting smoking can greatly improve the chances of recovery. 90-95% of chronic bronchitis comes directly from smoking. After quitting smoking, your bronchitis will gradually improve. Drink more strong tea and pay attention to eliminating or avoiding the influence of smoke and irritating gases on the respiratory tract.
Clearing phlegm
When treating chronic bronchitis, the elderly should pay attention to eliminating the sputum in the throat to prevent the sputum from blocking the respiratory tract and causing suffocation. For the elderly who are weak after a long illness, their families should help them turn over and pat their backs to help clear phlegm.
Moderate exercise
Proper physical exercise and less intense exercise will help to improve the function of respiratory system and enhance the resistance to cold and disease.
Early treatment
If the pathogenic factors of chronic bronchitis persist, the treatment is not thorough, and the respiratory tract infection is repeated, the condition will continue to develop, and emphysema and even pulmonary heart disease may be complicated, which is life-threatening, so it should be treated as soon as possible. Those who are not cured for a long time should go to the hospital for regular examination to prevent obstructive emphysema.
Smoke with warm and humid steam.
Nutrition and diet therapy
Drink milk
Smokers with chronic bronchitis drink milk. People who smoke and drink milk are significantly less likely to suffer from chronic bronchitis than those who smoke but don't drink milk. Don't forget to drink milk if you have to smoke.
Drinking water to eliminate phlegm
Drink more fruit and vegetable juice.
Fruit and vegetable juice has a good effect on chronic bronchitis. It can not only relieve cough and resolve phlegm, but also supplement vitamins and minerals, which is very beneficial to the rehabilitation of diseases. Raw radish, fresh lotus root and pear can be chopped into juice and mixed with honey. It has obvious curative effect on hot cough and dry cough of chronic bronchitis.
Eat more vegetables.
You can eat more vegetables and soy products in moderation every meal, such as white radish, carrot and green leafy vegetables.
Eat more food to stop biting and relieve asthma.
Eat more foods with the functions of relieving cough and asthma, resolving phlegm, warming lung and strengthening spleen, such as ginkgo, loquat, grapefruit, pumpkin, yam, chestnut, lily, kelp and laver.
Foods to be avoided
Avoid cigarettes, alcohol and other cold, salty, spicy, greasy and irritating items to avoid aggravating symptoms.
Don't rush to make up for it.
Crystal supplements such as ginseng and velvet antler should not be used in acute attacks or when phlegm is excessive and the tongue coating is greasy, otherwise the chest tightness and shortness of breath will be even worse and the condition will be aggravated.
herbal tea
① Stemona tea
Stemona Stemona 100g, honey 500g and clear water 5000mg are used. Stemona Stemona is first decocted with clear water to 1000ml, and the residue is filtered off. Then honey is added and slowly boiled into a paste, each time 1 ~ 2 tablespoons, and taken after meals, three times a day. It is very effective in treating chronic bronchitis with chronic cough.
② Ganoderma tea
Take 20 grams of Ganoderma lucidum and decoct it continuously for 3 days, which has obvious effect of relieving cough and eliminating phlegm, and can relieve tracheal smooth muscle spasm.
Health medicated diet
① almond sesame soup
Stir-fried almonds and sesame seeds are mashed in the same amount, 6 grams each time, twice a day, and taken with boiling water, which can relieve cough, moisten the lungs and relax the bowels, and is more suitable for the elderly.
② Bird's nest porridge
Bird's nest 10g, japonica rice 10g, and rock sugar 50g. Soak the bird's nest in warm water, remove the dirt, put it in a water bowl, and then send it. Add 3 bowls of water, bring to a boil and simmer for about 1 hour. After the crystal sugar melts, you can take it. Can be used for treating patients with lung deficiency and chronic cough.
③ Boiled beef lung with radish and almond
500g radish, bitter almond15g, 250g ox lung (or pig lung), ginger juice and cooking wine. Radish cut into pieces, bitter almond peeled and sharpened. Scalded beef lungs with boiling water, then stir-fry with ginger juice and cooking wine. Add appropriate amount of water to the casserole, add beef lung, radish and bitter almond, and cook. Eat beef lungs and drink soup. 2-3 times a week. Efficacy: tonifying lung, clearing lung, lowering qi and resolving phlegm. Suitable for lung deficiency and weakness, chronic bronchitis and other diseases. Especially suitable for winter and spring seasons.
④ Almond walnut
9 grams of ginger-12 grams, 0/5 grams of almond/kloc-,30 grams of walnut kernel, and a proper amount of rock sugar. Mash the last three flavors first, then add rock sugar and stew in a pot. Daily 1 time, continuous service 15-20 days. Efficacy of dispelling cold and removing blood stasis, tonifying kidney and receiving qi. It is suitable for chronic bronchitis with cold syndrome.
⑤ Runfei Tremella Decoction
400g of tremella fuciformis, 0/00g of horseshoe10g of sweet almond10g of longan pulp, and appropriate amount of ginger, onion, refined salt, sugar, vegetable oil, rose wine and monosodium glutamate. Peel water chestnut, clean, chop, put in casserole, boil for 2 hours and take juice for later use; Peel the sweet almond, put it in a boiling water pot and boil it for 10 minute, then use clear water to remove bitterness, and add 100 ml of clear water to the bowl; Wash longan pulp, steam it with sweet almonds for 50 minutes, and take it out for later use. Boil the tremella in boiling water for a while and take it out. Put a wok in medium fire, add vegetable oil, add onion, ginger, salt and water, put tremella into a steamer, add water chestnut juice, salt, rose wine and white sugar, steam for 50 minutes, then add sweet almond and longan pulp/kloc-0.5 minutes, and add monosodium glutamate. Food with meals.
Nourishing yin and moistening lung, nourishing blood and moistening intestine. It is suitable for senile bronchitis, cough, blood in phlegm, constipation, etc.
⑥ candied dates and licorice decoction
8 candied dates and 6 grams of raw licorice. Add 2 bowls of water to candied dates and raw licorice, fry them to 1 bowl, and remove residues. Take it twice a day. Tonify middle energizer, moisten lung and relieve cough. Suitable for chronic bronchitis, cough, sore throat, tuberculosis and cough.
Other therapies
Use ointment
Peach kernel, almond, Gardenia and Zanthoxylum bungeanum each 10g, pounded into powder together, made into paste with egg white, applied to Yongquan point, and wrapped with cloth, which has a miraculous effect on treating chronic bronchitis in the elderly.
shiatsu massage
Press Zhongfu, Zhongshan, Tiantu and Taiyuan for 1-2 minutes, and feel sour and numb; Press and massage at Dingchuan point, Fengmen point, Shu Fei point and Jueyinshu point for 65 minutes and 438+0-2 minutes respectively, and pat the chest and back with the palm of your hand until your back is hot and your skin is red. Vertebral compression of the bladder meridian on the chest and back, from top to bottom, repeated 10-20 times.
danger signal
* If you have chronic bronchitis, dyspnea becomes more and more serious, and the nature of cough has also changed, which may be an early sign of lung cancer, so you should go to the hospital for examination in time.
* Fever or coughing up blood.
* The elderly have persistent dry cough.
* Shortness of breath and excessive phlegm.
These are all signs of deterioration, so you should seek medical attention in time.
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This seems to have nothing to do with age, right? Many little girls who are only a few years old also have breast cancer.
The etiology of chronic bronchitis is extremely complicated, and many factors are still unclear. In recent years, it is believed that the relevant factors are as follows.
(a) air pollution chemical gases such as chlorine gas, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide and other smog, have irritating and cytotoxic effects on bronchial mucosa. Is it easy for soot or sulfur dioxide to exceed 1000? At g/m3, the acute attack of chronic bronchitis increased significantly. Other dusts, such as silica, coal dust, cotton dust, sugarcane dust, etc., can also stimulate bronchial mucosa, cause lung fibrous tissue proliferation, damage lung clearance function, and create conditions for bacterial invasion.
(2) Smoking is now recognized as the most important pathogenic factor of chronic bronchitis. Smoking can make bronchial epithelial cilia shorter and irregular, cause cilia movement disorder, reduce local resistance, weaken phagocytosis and sterilization of alveolar phagocytes, and also cause bronchospasm and increase airway resistance. 1972, 339 people over 50 years old were investigated by Shanghai chronic bronchitis prevention and control cooperative group. The prevalence of chronic bronchitis in smokers is twice as high as that in non-smokers, the former is 20.9% and the latter is 9.7%. In addition, 303 patients with chronic bronchitis and 303 normal people were investigated in pairs. The number of smokers in chronic bronchitis group was significantly higher than that in normal control group.
(3) Infection of respiratory tract is another important factor for the onset and aggravation of chronic bronchitis. According to the research at home and abroad, it is considered that streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and other bacteria in Moraca may be the most important pathogens of the acute attack of the disease.
Viruses play an important role in the occurrence and development of the disease. Viruses isolated during acute attack of chronic bronchitis include rhinovirus, influenza B virus, parainfluenza virus, myxovirus, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. Viral infection causes respiratory epithelial damage, which is beneficial to bacterial infection and causes the occurrence and recurrence of this disease. The direct relationship between mycoplasma pneumoniae and chronic bronchitis is still unknown.
(4) Allergic factors Allergic factors have a certain relationship with the incidence of chronic bronchitis. Initially, bacterial sensitization was one of the reasons for the rapid and delayed allergic reaction of chronic bronchitis. In particular, patients with asthmatic chronic bronchitis have more allergic history, the positive rate of skin test stimulated by various antigens is higher than that of the control group, and histamine and eosinophils in sputum tend to increase. The serum rheumatoid factor in other patients is higher than that in the normal group, and the IgG content in lung tissue of severe chronic bronchitis patients is increased, which suggests that it is also related to type ⅲ allergic reaction. Allergy causes bronchial contraction or spasm, tissue damage and inflammatory reaction, and then chronic bronchitis occurs.
(5) In addition to the above factors, climate change, especially cold air, can increase mucus secretion and weaken the movement of bronchial cilia. In winter, the fluctuation of patients' condition is obviously related to temperature and temperature difference. Autonomic nerve dysfunction may also be the internal cause of the disease, and most patients have autonomic nerve dysfunction. Some patients have hyperfunction of parasympathetic nerve, and the airway responsiveness is enhanced compared with normal people.
The decline of gonad and adrenal cortex function, laryngeal reflex, respiratory defense function and monocyte-phagocyte system function in the elderly will also increase the incidence of chronic bronchitis.
Nutrition also has a certain effect on bronchitis. Lack of vitamin C will reduce the body's resistance to infection and increase vascular permeability. Vitamin A deficiency can weaken the repair function of columnar epithelial cells and mucosa of bronchial mucosa, decrease the activity of lysozyme, and make it easy to suffer from chronic bronchitis.
Whether genetic factors are related to the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis has not been confirmed so far. Severe deficiency of α 1- antitrypsin can cause emphysema, but it has no symptoms of airway disease, suggesting that it is not directly related to chronic bronchitis.
References:
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