1. Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu&; W. C. Cheng): gymnosperm Taxodiaceae. Deciduous trees with opposite branchlets and drooping. The leaves are linear, opposite to each other, and are in the shape of pinnate compound leaves, with a length of 1- 1.7 cm, and 4-8 stomatal lines on the lower two sides. Monoecious. The cone is pendulous, subglobose, slightly 4-angled, long 1.8-2.5 cm, with a long handle; The seed scales are woody and shield-shaped, and each scale has 5 ~ 9 seeds, which are flat and surrounded by narrow wings. There were about 6-7 species of Metasequoia in Mesozoic Cretaceous and Cenozoic, which was considered extinct in the past. In194/kloc-0, China botanists first discovered this famous ancient and rare tree species in Modaoxi, Wanxian County, Sichuan Province. According to recent investigations, giant trees over 300 years old have been found in Wanxian, Shizhu, Lichuan, Hubei, Longshan and Sangzhi, Hunan. Metasequoia glyptostroboides has strong adaptability, likes wet growth and is cultivated all over the south of Beijing. The material is light and soft, and can be used for building, sheet metal, paper making, etc. Beautiful trees, ornamental trees for the garden.
2. Davidia involucrata (gǒng tóng) is a deciduous tree. It can grow to15 ~ 25m high, with wide oval leaves and serrated edges. There are only one genus and two species of undergraduate plants, and the two species are similar, except that one species has hairy leaves and the other species has smooth leaves. The exotic flowers were left in relict plant in the Tertiary Period of Cenozoic era10 million years ago. During the Quaternary Glacier Period, Davidia involucrata in most areas became extinct one after another, and only some areas in the south of China survived. Luoyang Lucheng Agriculture has been successfully propagated and planted on a large scale. It has become a "living fossil" in the plant world today, and is known as "pigeon tree in China", also known as "pigeon flower tree" and "water pear". Wild species only grow in Sichuan Province in southwest China and Hubei Province in central China and surrounding areas. Davidia involucrata has been listed as a national first-class key protected wild plant, which is unique to China, belongs to relict plant and is also a famous ornamental plant in the world. It is a national first-class protected plant. Davidia involucrata was first discovered as a westerner by the French missionary Father David, who also named Latin species for elk.
3. Camellia japonica belongs to Camellia, Camellia, Nanshan tea, Camellia oleifera and Camellia sinensis, and is one of the first-class protected plants in China. The flower of Camellia chrysantha is golden yellow and dazzling, as if coated with a layer of wax, crystal clear and oily, and seems translucent. Camellia japonica is born alone in the axils of leaves. When it blooms, it is cup-shaped, pot-shaped or bowl-shaped, beautiful and elegant. In the past, people have never seen a golden variety. 1960, China scientists first discovered a golden camellia in Nanning, Guangxi, which was named Camellia japonica. Foreign countries call it the magical oriental magic tea, and it is known as the "giant panda in the plant kingdom" and the "queen of tea family".
4. Taiwania formosana (scientific name: Taiwania cryptomerioides), also known as Taiwania formosana, Taiwan Province Ye, Asarum, etc., is a large-scale Taiwania plant of Taxodiaceae (Taxodiaceae is merged into Cupressaceae by the classification of APG3) and is endemic to Taiwan Province. It is mainly distributed in the mountainous area with a height of about11,500 to 2,500 meters in central Taiwan Province. Due to illegal logging, this tree species is on the verge of extinction. Taiwania flousiana is an evergreen tree distributed in the mid-subtropical monsoon climate zone. It belongs to the tertiary paleotropical plant area of relict plant, and belongs to the national first-class protected plant. Its bark is grayish brown, and its crown is tapered. It is one of the main timber trees in Taiwan Province, China. This tree species is the tallest tree species that can grow in Asia, reaching 90 meters in height and 3 meters in diameter. /kloc-trees under 0/00 years old, with needle-like leaves, about 8-15 mm long; Mature trees, leaves become scaly, 3-7 mm long.
5. Cryptomeria argyrophylla Chun et kuang: the bark is dark gray. Big branches spread flat, the upper end of branchlet internodes is thick, or a few lateral ones are small and spaced. The leaf pillow is nearly strip-shaped, slightly raised, with nearly round, round or nearly square leaf scars at the top, and its color is lighter. The leaves are strip-shaped, more or less sickle-shaped, curved or straight, the apex is round, the base narrows into an inconspicuous petiole, the upper part is dark green, it is sparsely hairy, and there are dense brown short hairs along the sunken midvein. The male flower is elliptic and ovoid before opening, and when blooming, it is spicate and cylindrical, nearly sessile. The bracts around the base are semi-transparent and membranous, the back is convex, the edge has irregular serrations, the stamens are yellow, and the female flower has no bracts at the base, which is ovoid or oblong, the bead scales are nearly round or kidney-shaped, yellow-green, bract scales are yellow-brown, triangular oblate or triangular-ovate, the apex has a tail-shaped tip, and the edge waves are irregular. The cones are green before maturity, and turn from chestnut to dark brown when ripe, oval, oblong or oblong, nearly round or oblate to ovoid, and the back is densely covered with slightly transparent pubescence; The seeds are slightly flat, obliquely obovate, pointed at the base, olive green with dark green, with irregular light-colored markings, and the seed wings are membranous, yellow-brown, asymmetrical oblong or elliptic obovate. It is a rare tree species that is a specialty of China. It is born in some mountainous areas at an altitude of 940~ 1870 meters, such as broad-leaved forests and ridge areas. Distributed in China, Guangxi, Hunan, Chongqing, Hubei, Guizhou and so on.
6. Looking at the sky tree (scientific name: Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie.), alias giant tree, big tree, 40-60m high, DBH 60-150cm; The bark is gray or brown, the upper part of the trunk is shallow and longitudinal, and the lower part of the straw bag is massive and peeling. Young branches are scaly hairs with round lenticels. Leaves leathery, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate. The wood of Wangtianshu is hard, durable and corrosion-resistant, and it is not easy to be eaten by insects; The material is brownish yellow, with no special smell, straight texture, uniform structure, easy processing, smooth planing surface and beautiful patterns, and it is a high-grade material for manufacturing all kinds of furniture. 1975, Yunnan Forestry Investigation Team of China discovered it in the forest of Xishuangbanna. This genus has *** 1 1 members, most of which are distributed in 2B area of Southeast Asia. Cephalotaxus is a rare and special tree species that grows only in Yunnan, China, and is only distributed within 20 square kilometers from Bubei in Xishuangbanna and Xinzhai in Guangnali to Jingpiao.
7. Alsophila spinulosa (wall. ex hook.) R.M. Tryon, alias Shemu, is a fern belonging to the genus Alsophila in the family Alsophila, and is praised as "the king of ferns". Alsophila spinulosa is a fern that can grow into a big tree, also known as "tree fern". The spinulosa spinulosa stems are upright and hollow, like a pen container, and the leaves are spirally arranged at the top of the stems. It is the only woody fern that has been found, which is extremely precious and can be called a national treasure. It is listed as an endangered plant under first-class protection by many countries and is called a "living fossil". Alsophila spinulosa is an ancient fern, which can be made into handicrafts and traditional Chinese medicine, and it is also a good ornamental tree in the garden. Alsophila spinulosa is one of the few woody species. Born in forests or shady places by streams, it is found in Chishui, Guizhou, Tibet, Chinese mainland, and all over the south, and also distributed in Nepal, Sikkim, India, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and southern Japan.
8. Pseudolarix amabilis (Nelson) Rehd. is a species of Pseudolarix amabilis belonging to Pinaceae. Also known as Jinsong (Hangzhou) and Shuishu (Huzhou, Zhejiang). The leaves are strip-shaped, flat and soft, scattered spirally on the long branches, clustered with15 ~ 30 pieces on the short branches, radiating to all sides, turning golden yellow and round like copper coins after autumn, hence the name. Dictyophora bungeana is a famous ancient remnant plant. The earliest fossils were found in the Late Cretaceous strata in eastern and western Siberia, and also in Spitsbergen Islands, Europe, central Asia, the western United States, northeastern China and Japan from Paleocene to Pliocene. Due to the change of climate, especially the coming of the Great Ice Age of Pleistocene, the money pine in various places became extinct. Only a few areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China survived. Because of sporadic distribution, few individuals and obvious intermittence of fruiting, it needs to be protected urgently. Wood grain is straight, moderate in hardness, slightly coarse in material and brittle. Can be used as building, board, furniture, appliances and raw materials for wood fiber industry; Bark can be extracted with tannin extract, and medicine (commonly known as pseudolarix) is helpful to treat stubborn tinea and indigestion; Root bark can also be used medicinally, and can also be used as paper sizing material; Seeds can extract oil.
9. Ginkgo biloba L., a deciduous tree of Ginkgo. Ginkgo biloba appeared hundreds of millions of years ago, and it is the oldest gymnosperms left over from the Quaternary Glacier Movement in relict plant. Now, ginkgo biloba is rare and scattered, and hundreds of years old trees are rare. All other plants in the same class have been extinct, so Ginkgo biloba has the reputation of living fossil. There are 26 varieties and varieties: Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba and Ginkgo biloba. The fruit of ginkgo tree is commonly known as ginkgo, so ginkgo is also known as ginkgo tree. Ginkgo tree grows slowly, and its life span is extremely long. Under natural conditions, it takes more than 20 years from planting to bearing ginkgo fruit, and it will take 40 years to bear a large number of fruits. Therefore, some people call it "Gongsun Tree", which means "the public can eat the sun". It is the longevity star in the tree and has ornamental, economic and medicinal values.
10. Liriodendron chinense, Liriodendron of Magnoliaceae. Deciduous trees, up to 40m, DBH 1m or more. Born in the mountain forest at an altitude of 900- 1 000 meters. Wood is reddish-brown, with straight texture and fine structure, which is an excellent material for building, shipbuilding, furniture and joinery, and can also be used to make plywood. Leaves and bark are used as medicine.