The term sarcoma is explained as: a malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue that spreads to adjacent tissues or spreads through the blood stream, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.

Expand knowledge--sarcoma:

Sarcoma is a malignant tumor derived from mesenchymal tissue (including connective tissue and muscle), which is called "sarcoma" and mostly occurs in the skin, subcutaneous, and periosteum. and both ends of long bones. Osteosarcoma is more common in young people and occurs at both ends of the long bones of the limbs, especially the lower end of the femur, the upper end of the tibia and the upper end of the humerus.

Osteosarcoma develops rapidly and has a short course. It begins to grow in the cortex and can gradually develop into the medullary cavity. Sometimes it breaks through the periosteum outwards and invades surrounding soft tissues. It is easy to cause pathological fractures, and smooth muscle is also common. tumors, lymphosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, etc., hematogenous metastasis can occur at an early stage. Sarcomas are malignant neoplastic lesions.

Expand knowledge--clinical manifestations:

1. Local symptoms: local pain and swelling or accompanied by local skin redness and heat, joint effusion, pain and discomfort during limb or joint movement Limited to wait.

2. Systemic symptoms: low-grade fever, fatigue, general discomfort, and dysfunction of related parts may occur.

Expand knowledge--Examination:

Preliminary diagnosis of various sarcomas can be made through X-ray examination, CT scan, MRI examination, and bone scan examination. If necessary, puncture and Take a tissue biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.

In experimental examination, some patients may have anemia, neutrophilia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Patients with osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma may have elevated serum alkaline phosphate and lactate dehydrogenase, and patients with chondrosarcoma may have glucose intolerance. Test exception.

Expand knowledge--Treatment:

1. Surgery: amputation or radical resection is the most commonly used method, but the effect is still not ideal, and about 50% of patients still die, and some The curative effect of resection is also unsatisfactory. At present, both at home and abroad, there is a tendency to preserve most of the limb and then perform chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

2. Chemotherapy: Preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy are possible, but the efficiency is not high and the side effects are severe.

3. Local radiotherapy: Some sarcoma patients can also be selectively treated with radiotherapy, but the efficiency is low and the efficacy is even worse once lung metastasis occurs.