Fava bean disease is found in China's southwest, south, east and north China, and Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi for the most. 70% of patients under 3 years old, 90% of male patients. Adult patients are rare, but there are a few patients who develop the disease for the first time in middle age or old age. Since G6PD deficiency is hereditary, more than 40% of cases have a family history. The disease often occurs in early summer when fava beans are ripe. The vast majority of patients develop the disease after eating fresh fava beans. The onset of the disease may be late or early due to different climates in the north and south.
Preliminary studies have found that the warming of fava bean extract with G6PD-deficient erythrocytes significantly reduces the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes and increases the concentration of methemoglobin. This result suggests that the fava bean leachate contains oxidant-like substances. Researchers analyzed a variety of biomasses extracted from fava beans such as fava bean pyrimidine riboside, fava bean pyrimidine, isouracil, and dopa, and found that all had the effect of inhibiting G6PD activity or decreasing the GSH content of erythrocytes deficient in G6PD. It is also possible that several toxic substances act synergistically in vivo. It is still not clear what the hemolytic substances in fava beans are. As to why fresh fava beans are more likely to cause disease than dried fava beans, studies have found that the skins of fava beans collected fresh or on cloudy days contain more toxic substances. After drying, the serotonin and dopa in the skin are oxidized, thus reducing the toxicity.
The incidence of serotonin disease is quite complicated, such as serotonin disease occurs only in G6PD-deficient people, but not all of the G6 PD-deficient people eat fava beans hemolysis occurs; once serotonin disease occurs every year to eat fava beans, but not necessarily every year the onset of disease; onset of the degree of hemolysis and anemia and the amount of food eaten by the amount of fava beans and not parallel relationship; the incidence of adults is significantly lower than the incidence of pediatrics. It can be hypothesized that in addition to the lack of G6PD in red blood cells, there must be other factors related to the onset of the disease. It can be seen that the mechanism of hemolysis occurs in fava bean disease is more complex than that of drug hemolytic anemia caused by G6PD deficiency, which is yet to be further explored.
[Treatment]: detoxification of yellow, spleen and water
Cheqiancao 15, Tianji Huang 18, talc 15, Chaihu 10, Yincheng 30, Guangmuxiang 12 (after the next), Yunling 18, Atractylodes macrocephala 12, Bai Maoquan 18, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata 15, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 12
[plus and minus]:
(1) hematuria, plus stone reed 15 artichoke 15
(2) constipation, add Chuan Pu 12 Citrus aurantium 10
(3) qi deficiency, add ginseng 10 (stewed)
(4) nausea, add Bamboo Roots 12 Patchouli 12
(5) high fever, add Green Anemone 15 Rehmannia glutinosa 20 Bamboo Leaves 12