Location factors of China-Pakistan railway construction: socio-economic: promoting economic ties and scientific and cultural exchanges (mainly energy cooperation) between China and Pakistan, and enhancing the friendship between the Chinese and Pakistani peoples; Promote the economic development along the line, especially in the border areas between China and Pakistan, and also promote the economic development of Pakistan's coastal port (Gwadar Port); Promoting the western development of China and the strategy of "going out"; Consolidating the national defense in western China, China-China friendship has always promoted the diversification of's energy channels, which is beneficial to China's energy security (unfavorable social factors). The border between China and Pakistan is a sensitive area. In terms of terrorist activities and nature, the terrain in the northwest frontier is steep, and the China-Pakistan railway needs to cross or bypass some mountainous areas, which is difficult to build and costly. Science and technology: China has rich railway construction experience and advanced engineering technology, which can overcome many unfavorable natural factors.