The custom of celebrating the New Year in Beijing The custom of "visiting temple fairs" and "visiting factories and shops" in old Beijing, who has lived in Beijing for a long time, knows this sentence: Laba porridge for messengers. This means that whenever it comes to the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (also known as Laba among the people), it will be the New Year. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, every household began to be busy. There is a saying every day that people who have entered the 23 rd year: 23 candied melons are sticky; 24 sweeping the house; 25 paste the window; Twenty-six stewed meat; Twenty-seven kill the rooster; Twenty-eight faces; Twenty-nine steamed buns; Stay up all night; Twist on the first day of the new year. "Candied melon sticks" means that king of people was asked to buy some candied melons and Guandong sugar made of maltose on the 23rd, which was intended to ask him to put in a good word when he ascended to the Jade Emperor, and to stick sugar on the Kitchen God's mouth to prevent him from saying more. There is such a two-part allegorical saying in Beijing: "The kitchen god ascended to heaven-speak more good words". "24-day house cleaning" and "house cleaning" actually refer to sanitation. Wipe the furniture, sweep the gray net at the top of the wall, tear up the old New Year pictures, paint and paste, paste new pictures and so on. "Twenty-five paste windows" and "paste windows" mean to buy some Korean paper again during the Chinese New Year, paste the windows white and clean, and then paste Spring Festival couplets, blessings, window grilles and hanging labels (paper-cuts) engraved with auspicious patterns, so that the atmosphere of the Chinese New Year is particularly strong. The other thing is to cook all the big dishes that we eat in the New Year, and we will not cook for a few days in the New Year. On the 30th night (New Year's Eve), the whole family should enjoy the whole night after eating the New Year's Eve. At the stroke of twelve o'clock, "Eating jiaozi on New Year's Day" began. "jiaozi on the first day of the lunar new year" is not eaten during the day of the first day of the lunar new year, but is served after 0: 01 in the evening of the 30th. "Twisting on New Year's Day" until dawn, the younger generation in the family should pay New Year greetings and blessings to their elders. From the first day to the fifth day, it is a time to visit relatives and friends, get together, or go out to visit temple fairs. At that time, girls with red flowers in their heads, boys with windmills in their hands, and children with large strings of hawthorn and diabolos in their hands were everywhere in the streets. During the Chinese New Year, there was a scene of peace and prosperity. During the Chinese New Year, all the shops in the street are closed for rest, except the shop selling firecrackers. The fifth day of the first month in jiaozi is called "Breaking Five", and you can't cook with uncooked rice until "Breaking Five". On this night, all the guys who went home for the Spring Festival came back, and the shopkeeper had to eat a new bag of jiaozi with the guys to show solidarity in the coming year. In the early morning of the sixth day, every shop will open. Before opening the business, every family should hang a couplet at the door, which reads "All is well and everything is prosperous", and a crisp abacus sounds in the counter, which is intended to make business prosperous in the coming year. At this point, the "year-end" has passed and everything has resumed its usual life. People say that the seventh day of the first month of the lunar calendar is called "People say", "People win the festival", or "Seven Yuan". This ancient festival has a history of at least two thousand years. Taoism believes that "Mr. Heaven and Earth, chicken, dog, pig, sheep and horse are the first people." Dong Fangshuo, a Han Chinese, wrote in Zhan Shu: "On the first day of the first month of the lunar new year, it means chicken, dog, pig, sheep, cow, horse, man and valley.". It is considered that if the weather is sunny on the seventh day of the first month, it will be auspicious, and the main year will be smooth and the population will be safe. If it is cloudy, it will be a disaster. In the Qing Dynasty, Beijingers had activities to measure the weather on the seventh day of the first month. On this day, people said that they would eat spring cakes (a double-layer lotus leaf cake), roll "box dishes" (cooked meat dishes such as sauced elbows and small bellies), and cut cakes in Geng Yuan, which was called "smoked days". However, the spread of this custom is getting smaller and smaller, and it is rare in the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. Shunxing Shunxing is also called sacrificial star. On the night of the eighth day of the first month, whether people go to the temple to offer incense to worship the Star King (that is, Shun Xing) or not, every family will hold a ceremony to worship Shun Xing after the stars appear in the sky. When offering sacrifices to the stars, you should put a "golden lamp" (yellow snuff) on the desk, the stove, the threshold, the pot and so on, and light it, which is called "scattered lights and flowers", which means avoiding ominous. After the sacrifice of the stars, the whole family got together for a Lantern Festival. Bell ringing in Dazhong Temple, Baiyun Temple touching Stone Monkey Liulichang and walking on stilts. The first thing for old Beijingers in Chinese New Year-shopping. Visit temple fairs and factories. During the Spring Festival, there were many temple fairs in old Beijing, and each temple fair had its own unique place. At the Dazhong Temple Temple Fair in the western suburbs, people beat Yongle Bell to greet the coming of the new year with bells. In Baiyunguan Temple Fair, you can touch the stone monkey and make money, and use entertainment activities to pin your hopes and longings for a better life in the coming year. Changsha's custom of celebrating the New Year is "to be rich in money and go out of the sky". Changsha's custom of celebrating the New Year is the Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month, commonly known as the New Year in Changsha. It takes more than half a month for Changsha people to celebrate the New Year, that is, from the 24th of the twelfth lunar month of the first year to the Lantern Festival on the 15th of the first month of the second year. This custom has lasted for thousands of years, and it is basically the same as that recorded in the Records of Jingchu Years in the Southern Dynasties. The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as "celebrating the New Year", is called "Children celebrate the New Year". According to legend, the kitchen god, as the "eyes and ears of heaven, the master of fireworks on earth", is going back to heaven to report his work, and he is called the resignation stove. In order to make him "say good things in heaven and bring good luck in the earth" and "don't talk about broken words, but play the jade emperor with good words", people will do a general cleaning the day before, which is called "sweeping the dust" On the 23rd or 24th night, housewives lit candles around the cooking stoves to offer sacrifices to them, so as to "see them off". The folk song says, "When the new year comes, my sister needs flowers, my son needs guns, and then I need new clothes, and my father needs new hats.". From that day on, when long-term workers got off work, craftsmen stopped coming to their homes. Every family prepared new year's goods, made tofu, killed pigs, sent new year's festivals, prepared snacks, fried dry tea, wrote Spring Festival couplets and tied lanterns. They were very busy. At the end of the year, it is called New Year's Eve, or New Year's Eve. Every household cuts ribbons and puts up Spring Festival couplets, and the whole family gathers for drinks, and the dishes are left over, which is called having a reunion dinner. When the lanterns are lit, incense is burned and firecrackers are fired, worshipping the ancestors' home gods, calling the Year of Resignation, and offering sacrifices to the Kitchen God. The children went to the neighbors in turn with lanterns in groups, and said, "Please resign.". Each family stood up to welcome them, held out snacks and dry tea, and filled the children's pockets. Some children went home and unloaded their pockets, and then quickly joined the resignation team. They could get one or two porcelain jars of food in one night, and they were so happy that they couldn't keep their mouths shut. Therefore, there is a saying: "Children look forward to the New Year." On New Year's Eve, a maple tree (or pine tree, chestnut tree, etc.) was burning in every stove in rural Changsha, called "Nian Cai Lao". Men and women, old and young, around the stove, elders give children lucky money, and the whole family eats stewed radish with pig's feet and waits for it, which is called "shou sui". The so-called "rich without money, radish for the New Year". On New Year's Eve, while all the people are happy, there are also many poor people who are afraid to go home. The so-called happy families are worried. It is the deadline for creditors to collect debts and craftsmen to collect wages. The lanterns and torches of the debtors in the streets and country roads are constantly flowing, and some people can't pay their bills. The copper pot clothes may be taken away, so they have to go out to hide their accounts. Others wrote "Hengmen Yanqing" in red paper and posted it on the door after the year of resignation. The door was closed, and no one was allowed to go in or out, which was called "the financial door". When asked about the debtors' helplessness, the busybodies wrote a doggerel: "The poor family hid their wealth early, although the creditors were in trouble. If you are annoyed with the merchants, you will be shut out if you have no money. " Most of the city travels at dawn and visits relatives and friends. Before the Qing Dynasty, those who donated money with a false title, all dressed in hats, swaggered and strutted around to pay New Year's greetings. Businessmen love to reject the hammer, and when they go in and out, they all "offer fragrant tea, and the fruit plates are opened, and betel nut ingots are both coming", and they chew nonstop in the middle of the day. Businessmen who have a wide circle of friends, if they don't go personally, make the younger generation or servants hold a famous post to congratulate them, which is called "post-worship", that is, the origin of new year card in later generations. On New Year's Day, people pay attention to and have many taboos. On New Year's Eve, some people stick red paper "Wealth" on the joint of the gate, and stick auspicious words such as "Open the door" and "Make money for me" on the eye. When opening the door, they recite it loudly, calling it opening the door to see happiness and wealth. When it is sunny, watch the wind and the sky, and predict the harvest in the coming year. It is believed that "the north (wind) is the main abundant, and the south is the main sorry"; It's cloudy and sunny, dark and rainy. Heap a lot of firewood in the terrace and Chai Wan, which is harmonious and rich. Holding firewood into the door on New Year's Day means "getting rich". On the first day of the lunar new year, when it is necessary to sweep, the broom sweeps Chai Wan instead of going out. Some scholars write auspicious words such as "a long life" and "a bumper harvest of grains", which are called "New Year's writing, good luck". On the first day, I especially avoid vulgar and indecent words, so I will be scolded for this and I will be scolded for a year. Adults always tell their children in advance: speak well in the first day! In case the child slips up, the adults will immediately explain: "Children's words, all is forgiven". If you accidentally break something, say "send it away"; If the glass falls down, say "the wine spilled red." On the second day of the second day, the son-in-law went to Yue's home to pay a New Year call. The so-called "first child, second lang, third day, fourth day". The habit of inviting spring guests in Changsha's four townships is to arrange for generations of uncles, nephews and other relatives and friends to get together for drinks on a certain day. After the eighth day, acquaintances met and said to each other, "Please pay a late year!" On the fifteenth day, New Year greetings are generally not mentioned. On the fifteenth day of the first month, it was called Shangyuan Festival in ancient times, also known as Lantern Festival. There is a saying in Changsha: "The fire of thirty nights is the light of midnight snack". Lantern viewing was popular in the Tang Dynasty and even more popular in the Song Dynasty. Wen Tianyang once described the grand occasion of decorating lanterns in Shangyuan, Hengzhou: "A city full of ladies and gentlemen", "The audience is blocked", "You are tired of your shoulders" and "You can't tell the difference between words at a distance". In Changsha Lantern Market, there are many kinds of lanterns with paper paste, or hanging houses or streets. That is to say, every family lights candles in the corner of the stove, every family cooks Yuanxiao, and urchins play with lanterns. In addition to lighting candles at the dark corners of chickens in the pigpen and kennel, farmers also light fires at the edge of the fields, in order to exterminate insects and pray for a bumper harvest. Children like to light Song Ming in the corner, while burning and singing: "Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month, burn insects and ants and rest in heaven". Those close to the ancestral graves also send candles to the graves, so that the ancestors can share the human lights. What's more lively is that the Spring Festival cultural activities such as catching up with temple fairs, singing big dramas, playing lion dance, dragon riding and bamboo horse riding reached their climax at this time, and they were often noisy all night, hence the name "Lantern Festival". Among them, dragon lanterns are the most common, and almost all ancestral temples in urban and rural neighborhood villages are tied with dragons. Folks believe that playing with dragons can protect the auspicious days, so wherever the "dragon" goes, drums and music are everywhere, and firecrackers are endless, so it is more wrapped. Married and childless women often let the "dragon" turn around their bodies, or let the "dragon" condense into a circle in bed, ride a child on it, and send a child by a unicorn. Yangzhou people attach great importance to the breakfast on the first day of New Year's Day. Although Yangzhou people have the habit of having morning tea in teahouses, the morning of the first day of junior high school is an exception. People generally don't go out and have a steaming bowl of glutinous rice balls with the whole family at home. There are many ways to make dumplings in Yangzhou. One kind of dumplings is called Sixi Tangyuan, which people like to eat on the morning of New Year's Day. This kind of dumplings is made of four kinds of stuffing, including vegetables, red bean paste, sesame sugar and minced meat. The taste is good, but people pay more attention to the name of glutinous rice balls, because the meaning of this kind of "four-happiness glutinous rice balls" is "all the best" and "family reunion" Similar to the "Sixi Tangyuan", Yangzhou people in the old days also had the custom of eating "lucky eggs" on the morning of the first day of junior high school. There is such a narrative in chapter 27 of chili pepper in Piwu, a commentary on Yangzhou: In the fourth watch, the cold is heavier. At this time, someone shouted at a distance: "Sell-Lucky Eggs!" What is an auspicious egg? That is, when the eggs are cooked, people's landscapes are painted on the eggshells, with red and green colors; Or write some words, such as "good luck" and "good luck every year" ... This egg is called good luck egg. In the past, during the Spring Festival, lucky eggs were sold everywhere, and every household had to buy them. Buyers come to make good luck for the family. The head of the family, lying on the bed with his face facing the sky, the woman put the auspicious eggs at the door of the man's heart and said something auspicious! How satisfying it is to get rich! All the best! ..... and so on, and then ask the man to eat the egg, and everything goes well every year. ..... Vendors selling "lucky eggs" have long been out of sight, so it's a pity that most people in Yangzhou today don't know what "lucky eggs" are. According to the description in Yangzhou Pinghua, this eggshell is also painted with landscapes, so it is not so much a lost seasonal food as a lost folk handicraft. On the fifteenth day of the first month of the Lantern Festival, there is a saying in Yangzhou that "lanterns are put on and noodles are put off", which means that lanterns are put on on the thirteenth night of the first month, and dumplings are eaten when lanterns are put on, and lanterns are turned off on the eighteenth night of the first month, and noodles are eaten when lanterns are turned off. Why is there such a custom? The public's explanation is that eating dumplings symbolizes "fullness and fullness" and eating noodles symbolizes "smoothness and smoothness". "Tangyuan" here is also called "Yuanxiao". Nowadays, people in Yangzhou call solid glutinous rice balls "Yuanxiao" and glutinous rice balls with stuffing "Tangyuan". In the old days, this was not the case. Those with stuffing were also called "Yuanxiao". In "Introduction to Zhenzhou Zhuzhi Ci", it was said: "Yuanxiao people, rubbing glutinous rice flour and wrapping osmanthus in the middle, are like a full moon." It seems that because "the moon is full", Yangzhou people call "Yuanxiao" "Tangyuan". The meaning of eating glutinous rice balls "round and full" also comes from this. Eating noodles is on the night when the lights go off on the 18th day of the first month, and "Introduction to Zhuzhi Ci in Zhenzhou" also says: "On the 18th, when the lights go off, people spit on their faces, which is a common saying. Let's have a banquet for ourselves to celebrate. On the 19th, worshipping Tibetan images washes away joy, and the common name of joy hangs music. As the proverb goes, every family tears up music and everyone looks for it. Scholars attack books, workers return to their places, and their years are over. " This passage doesn't directly explain why we should eat noodles on the 18th day of the first month, but the answer has been implied: on the 18th day of the first month, we should "finish our years", and from now on, "everyone should find their whereabouts", "scholars will attack books and workers will return to their places", and eating a bowl of noodles is to wish people that everything will be as smooth and smooth as eating noodles in their upcoming lives. Eating dumplings or noodles is the self-design and self-arrangement of Yangzhou people for their daily life. It is also the uniqueness of Yangzhou people to find out the meaning of auspicious and auspicious from the simple food image. In the first month of the New Year's Wine Festival, Yangzhou people also have the custom of "inviting the spring festival" and "being a god of wealth". There is a poem "Please make wine in spring" in Volume 5 of Three Hundred Poisons on the Hanjiang River, which says: "When the spring breeze arrives, it will be prosperous, and the whole spring dish will be full of strange smells. I won the beauty of spring, and I am in the family this spring. " The quotation of this poem makes it more clear: "Yangcheng banquet is full, and friends and relatives who feast around the Lantern Festival in the New Year are called Chune." It is also recorded in "Introduction to Zhuzhi Ci in Zhenzhou": "A gentleman banquets, saying' please spring'; Shop for a banquet, saying,' Be a God of Wealth'. " Er, it is an ancient wine container. In modern Chinese, "please drink wine in spring" means to treat people to a banquet during the Spring Festival. It's just that people who gather for a banquet are divided into two categories in "Introduction to Zhuzhi Ci in Zhenzhou", one is a gentleman, and the other is a shopkeeper. The purpose of gathering for a banquet is different and the form is the same. Nowadays, people don't make such a fine distinction. "Please celebrate the Spring Festival" and "Being a God of Wealth" are all called "Please celebrate the New Year's Festival". In fact, "Celebrating the New Year's Wine Festival" is an ancient custom in the Tang Dynasty. Daoshi, a monk in the Song Dynasty, said in "Fa Yuan Zhu Lin": "Chang 'an custom in Tang Dynasty, after New Year's Day, he handed in wine, invited people to meet him, and passed the number to sit down with wine." Today, more than 1000 years later, the custom of "please celebrate the New Year's Day" is still prevalent, especially in rural areas. People began to invite friends, relatives and neighbors on the second day of the first month. If you invite me, I will invite you again until the eighteenth day of the first month. No matter how rich or simple Yangzhou people spend the New Year, there are several vegetarian dishes that are essential. One is pea seedlings, peas, also known as Andou in Yangzhou. Stir-fry a dish of Andou seedlings, which means "safe and sound". Secondly, there should be water celery, the stem of which is tubular, and the next year's career can be "passepartout". The third is tofu. With tofu, you can be "steep and rich" in the coming year. These are all derived from the homonym in the dialect and the image understanding. After the reasonable imagination of the people, they sent a good wish. There are also some dishes that are not imaginary wishes, and some dishes have practical significance and local characteristics, which are "ten coriander" and "happy dishes". "Ten coriander" is a simple and easy-to-make home-cooked dish, which is mainly pickles, mixed with shredded carrots, shredded bamboo shoots, shredded dried beans, peanuts and soybeans. Every household should fry it. In the New Year, people eat a lot of meat dishes, which are too greasy. Eating this kind of miscellaneous fried vegetarian dishes makes them feel fragrant and delicious, hence the name "Ten Coriander". The raw material of "Anle cuisine" is Equus dentata, also called Portulaca oleracea. Wang Zengqi also studied this dish. He said, "Amaranth is divided into human amaranth and horse amaranth. Human amaranth is amaranth today, and horse amaranth is purslane. My grandmother picks plump purslane to dry in summer and makes stuffed buns during Chinese New Year. " "Xiaozhi of Xishan in Yangzhou" also confirms Wang Lao's statement, saying: "In April and May, we will take the horsetooth vegetables and marinate them, named Anle vegetables, and make steamed buns with stuffing at the end of the year." Ardisia japonica is an annual succulent herb, which can be used as a medicine to treat dysentery. There are many dishes in the New Year, and it is inevitable that there will be negligence. Housewives in Yangzhou use horsetooth vegetables to wrap buns, which is not only a flavor food, but also can ensure the well-being of their families. This is a veritable "happy dish". Tibetan custom of celebrating the New Year is to respect each other. The Tibetan custom of "cutting horses, three mouthfuls and one cup" is sometimes a few days apart from the Spring Festival in the mainland, and sometimes a month apart. It is the biggest festival of the Tibetan people in a year and is highly valued by the Tibetan people. In December of the Tibetan calendar, the Tibetan people in Lhasa began to create a new year atmosphere and made a series of preparations for the New Year: every household should soak green seeds in pots, so that the green seedlings that grow into one or two inches can be offered on the coffee table of the Buddhist shrine on the first day of the Tibetan New Year, in order to have a good harvest and good luck in the new year; Prepare ghee and white flour and fry offerings such as "Kasai" (fruit) one after another. However, now more and more people in the city go directly to the streets to buy ready-made green naked seedlings and Kasai. However, it is a must for every household to finish the needlework and clean the house yard as soon as possible. In the old city and rural areas, people also paint auspicious patterns with lime, white paint or Ciba powder, while others paint scorpions on the main entrance wall to ward off evil spirits. Not only that, on the night of December 29 in the Tibetan calendar, families have to eat "ancient tu" to exorcise ghosts. The so-called "ancient sudden" is a pimple. However, the Tibetan people have eaten many tricks of "ancient tu". In the process of making "Gu Tu", housewives wrap some things in some of them to test their family's temperament and luck in the new year. If you eat the sun and moon made of flour, it means that this person can enjoy supreme dignity; if you eat porcelain, you will be lazy; if you eat Chili, your mouth will be like a knife; if you eat wool, you will be gentle and patient; if you eat carbon, you will be black; if you eat meat, you will respect the old and love the young; if you eat cow dung, you will always have good luck, and so on. In fact, the real purpose of doing this is only to increase the fun of "ancient sudden night". It seems that the Tibetan people have no tradition of observing the age, so there are no special activities on New Year's Eve, and everything is waiting for the arrival of the New Year's Day. People greet the Tibetan New Year with the sound of "Zhaga" (which is mostly played on the radio now) in which the elderly say good wishes. On this day, all the families put the green naked seedlings, "Kasai", "Longguo" (sheep's head) and "Qiema" (grain harvest bucket), and all kinds of sweets that have been prepared for good luck in the past, and the whole family put on new clothes, sat on brand-new card mats and ate ginseng fruit, ghee and sugar. After dinner, the elders brought a bucket of grains, and each person grabbed a few grains in turn, sprinkled them in the sky as a sacrifice, and then put some into his mouth. At this time, the elders wished everyone "Tashildler," and the younger generation replied, "I wish you good health and happiness forever." On this day, families basically gather behind closed doors and neighbors do not visit each other. On the second day of the second year, relatives and friends began to visit each other and celebrate the New Year, which lasted for half a month. However, now in Lhasa and other cities, people also go out to pay New Year's greetings on the first day of the Tibetan New Year. Group worship activities are also held in some government offices and factories. During the group worship activities, everyone said "Zhaxidele" to each other (good luck) and respected "Chema" and Qingke wine. Those who accept "Chema" should sprinkle some rice cake or wheat into the sky three times first. To show respect for heaven, earth and people, and then eat some in your mouth and say "Tashildler" to each other. You can't taste anything about green nude wine. In the New Year, you should have a cup of three mouthfuls, that is, when you take the toast, you should dip your ring finger in the wine and play it up three times to show respect to the people of heaven and earth, and then take a sip. The toaster fills the glass, and the worshiped person drinks it again, and so on for three times, and finally "get off Puda" (cheers). After the toast, the cheerful song and dance performance will last until sunset. The Tibetan New Year in Lhasa is the most distinctive, and the Tibetan New Year in Japan, Kazak, Linzhi and Amdo in northern Tibet also has strong regional characteristics, and the dates of festivals are also different. Macao's custom of celebrating the New Year is "thank the stove and benefit the market". Macao's new year customs are unique, and Macao's new year customs are unique. "Xie Zao" is one of the most traditional China customs preserved in Macau. On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, people in Macao call it "Xie Zao". According to the tradition of China, Macao people also use candy for the kitchen god, saying that it is to paste the mouth of the kitchen god with sugar, so as not to speak ill of him before the Jade Emperor. I have seen a portrait of Santa Claus on the stove of a Macao family in Flower Street, Macau. Strangely, there is a couplet on the side of Santa Claus that says "God speaks good things, and it is good luck to go home". Macao people celebrate the New Year from the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, which is a homophonic word in Cantonese. Most business owners invite their employees to have a "reunion dinner" at the end of this year to show their prosperity and good luck. The annual flavor of Macao can be truly felt from the 28th day of the twelfth lunar month. On New Year's Eve, observing the new year and visiting the flower market are two major events for Macao people to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. Shousui is playing mahjong, watching TV, catching up and chatting, and enjoying family happiness; Probably influenced by Christmas and Valentine's Day in the West, people in Macao also rushed to buy some auspicious flowers and trees to welcome the New Year, which has now become a Macao custom. Macao holds a flower market on Lunar New Year's Eve, mostly peach blossoms, daffodils, potted bamboos and potted oranges. The flowers are rich and prosperous, wishing peace, and the flowers are auspicious for the bright future of the New Year. The flower market in Macao has been held for three days, which has brought endless comfort to Macao people who have been running around for a year. On the day of the Spring Festival, Macao people pay attention to "benefiting the market", which is a red envelope. On this day, when the boss meets the employees, the elders meet the younger generation, and even the married people meet the unmarried people, they have to "benefit the market". "Li Shi" is pure and crisp to show good luck. Macao people call the second day of New Year's Day "opening the year". The custom is to have a "New Year's Eve" meal, which must contain Nostoc flagelliforme, lettuce and carp, in order to make money and profit. Macao will allow civil servants to "gamble" (gamble) within three days from the "New Year". After the "New Year", Macau has completely returned to the traditional Chinese New Year custom in China. Until the Lantern Festival, it was also a fireworks festival, playing with dragons and lions, and was in high spirits. Taiwan Province Spring Festival custom The folk Spring Festival in Taiwan Province originated in the mainland of China, especially in Taiwan Province who speak Minnan dialect, and the way of celebrating the Spring Festival is more similar to that in southern Fujian. Taiwan Province people's Chinese New Year activities begin with the "tail tooth" on the lunar calendar1February 16. On this day, every household should pay homage to the landowner, especially the businessman. In order to make a fortune in the New Year, they should make sacrifices with sacrificial bodies and gold paper, and share the sacrifices with their colleagues to reward their employees. This is called "eating tail teeth". When "eating tail teeth", the employees who are about to be dismissed are pointed at each other by the employer, indicating that they should seek another job next year. Therefore, there is a proverb in Taiwan Province: "Eat the tail teeth and worry, eat the head teeth and caress the mouth and beard". Tail tooth meal is related to work or stay. The 24th day of the lunar calendar is the day when people send God to heaven, just like the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month in southern Fujian. There must be "sweet dumplings" (glutinous rice balls) in the sacrifice, which are stuck at the mouth of the stove, so that the kitchen god can "spread good words to the sky and bad words to one side". On this day, we have to clean up and sweep away all the "bad luck" at home, so as to welcome the New Year. On New Year's Eve, Taiwan Province is called "29" and "30", depending on the size of the twelfth lunar month. "Xun" means the end of the year. Before it gets late, every family prepares offerings, such as sweet oranges, sweet rice cakes, "spring rice" and "lucky money". "Spring rice" is to insert paper-cut spring characters on the sharp rice. Because "spring" and "surplus" in Minnan dialect are homophonic, which means "there is surplus grain every year, and there is endless food every year". In addition, behind the gate, two sugarcane with leaves are placed vertically, called "perennial sugarcane", which means "firm family luck and good luck". When eating New Year's Eve, a new charcoal stove and a new sunflower fan are placed under the square table, and the words "Spring" and "Fu" written in red paper are pasted on the fan and the stove. Say auspicious words around the stove, such as "eat red dates, good every year!" " "Eat a new year's meal and earn it every year!" Wait, there must be mustard on the table, called "long-year dish", which symbolizes long life. Some people also want to have "leek" on the table, that is, "leek" and "long" homophonic, symbolizing longevity. Radish is also indispensable, and Minnan dialect calls it "vegetable head", which means "good color head" (good omen). There is also chicken, the homophonic "home" of chicken, and "starting from eating chicken", which can greatly boost the voice of home. The vegetables around the stove are not chopped with a knife. After washing, they are cooked by roots, and they are not bitten off when eating. Instead, they are slowly eaten into the stomach from beginning to end to wish their parents a long life. After the New Year's Eve dinner, it's the birthday celebration. In Taiwan Province, "Shounian" is also called "Longevity Night", which symbolizes that the younger generation wishes their parents a long life. As soon as the "handover time" (midnight 12 o'clock) is over, people gather young and old to worship the gods with red and white rice cakes, and then set off firecrackers to welcome the new year. In Taiwan Province, Chinese New Year's Day, we will also make red turtle rice fruit, fat rice fruit and vegetable head rice fruit as rice cakes. Red turtle rice fruit is shaped like a turtle, dyed red outside and stamped with tortoise shell seal, which symbolizes people's longevity and aging. Every family uses this kind of cake to worship the God who raises everything. If guests come to visit New Year, please eat sweets and sweets, and say different auspicious words according to men, women and children. For example, a child can say to the old man, "Have a sweet meal and wish you a long life!" Peers can say, "Have a sweet meal and wish you a lot of money!" Hong Kong New Year Customs "Lion Dance and Dragon Dance" Hong Kong People's New Year Customs On New Year's Eve, every household is busy for the New Year: cleaning the house, removing the old cloth and buying new year's goods, etc. On New Year's Eve (New Year's Eve), it is a day of family reunion, and every family has a reunion dinner together. The dishes of the reunion dinner are usually very rich, including chicken, duck, fish, fresh meat and vegetables. Moreover, most dishes have auspicious meanings. After the reunion dinner, people usually go to the Lunar New Year's Eve market to visit the flower market and buy some new year flowers to go home, which adds a lot of Chinese New Year atmosphere. In addition, many parents will send lucky money to their children to encourage them to behave well and study and work hard. On the first day of New Year's Day, people began to formally celebrate the New Year. They began to post Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures, dragon dances, lion dances, etc., and they also visited relatives and friends to celebrate the New Year. In addition, there are many Chinese New Year foods, such as rice cakes, fried oil angle, fried piles and scattered eggs. There are many taboos and habits in celebrating the New Year: the first day: the cock says-in the old days, chickens were pasted on New Year's Day to ward off evil spirits and pray for blessings (because chickens are homophonic (ji))；); The second day: the dog said-go out to celebrate the New Year or worship the ancestors; The third day: the sheep said-"red mouth", easy to quarrel, not suitable for New Year; Tian Shengyu, offering sacrifices to the field; The fourth day: the pig said-offering sacrifices to the god of wealth. If the boss wants to "fire someone", he will not be invited to worship God. The fifth day: the ox said-breaking the fifth day can break many taboos, and the five-way god of wealth is born, which has the custom of "receiving the god of wealth"; The sixth day: Ma Yue-the day of "sending God", burned the paper horse of the God of Wealth sent on New Year's Eve, and the shop began to resume business; The seventh day: people say-people's birthday is also the custom of having dinner, eating and drinking, setting off fireworks and setting off fireworks, which is the "birthday of fire". The eighth day: the valley says-the stars are lower bound, so it is necessary to offer sacrifices to the stars, and temples often set up altars to offer sacrifices to the stars on this day to receive alms; The ninth day: the birthday of God is the birthday of the Jade Emperor, and a grand ceremony is held to worship heaven; The tenth day: the stone is born-all stone tools such as grinding, grinding and grinding are forbidden to be used, and incense is burned to worship the stone tools. Shanghai is located in the south of the Yangtze River, so the customs of Shanghai have many similarities with other places in the south of the Yangtze River. After the opening of Shanghai, it has gradually become a city with rivers and seas connecting Tianjin, dense population, mixed Chinese and foreign cultures, and mixed places in five directions, adding new content to the original customs; Shanghai customs have gradually formed their own characteristics. New Year's Eve and Spring Festival New Year's Eve, also known as "New Year's Eve", refer to the last day of the lunar year or this. -It's night, so it's also called "New Year's Eve". The word "except" on New Year's Eve was originally intended to be removed, so New Year's Eve is also called "except for the year". According to the old custom, the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is called Zao Yue, and you should pay homage to Zao Jun.. The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month is called "off-year". From this day until the evening, every family should clean up and buy new year's goods. In rural areas, pigs and sheep should be slaughtered, glutinous rice flour ground, snacks made and preserved. In addition, New Year pictures will be posted. City people often buy daffodils, wintersweet and Tianzhu and put them in bottles to add festive atmosphere. When night falls, families get together and have New Year's Eve dinner, which is also called reunion dinner. The dishes on the table are generally very rich. Stay up all night at night. People usually watch TV programs at home, which are called "Shousui". When the bell rings in the new year, firecrackers will ring all at once to welcome the new year. In order to ensure the safety of citizens, firecrackers have been banned in the city center, but the Spring Festival is celebrated in other ways. The Spring Festival is a traditional festival that our people attach most importance to, and it is full of joy. The first day of the first month of the lunar calendar is a traditional Chinese New Year. At the dawn of the first day, people are all dressed up, and the whole family pays New Year greetings to their elders, and peers pay New Year greetings to each other. The elders will also give the children lucky money wrapped in red paper to congratulate them on their one-year increase. In the afternoon of the first day of junior high school, and on the second and third days of junior high school, I went out to celebrate the New Year to my relatives and friends. Now communication is developed, and many people use the telephone or online to pay New Year greetings. Now videophone has begun to enter people's lives. When you pay a New Year call to distant relatives and friends, the voice and smile of the other party's receiver will be immediately and clearly displayed on the TV display screen. That clear voice and high-quality picture can make you feel as cordial as talking face to face with your relatives and friends.