The OPEC Conference is the highest authority of the organization. Each member state sends a delegation headed by the Minister of Petroleum, Minerals and Energy to the conference. The General Assembly meets twice a year, and special meetings may be held if necessary. The General Assembly adheres to the principle of unanimity of all member states, each member has one vote, and is responsible for formulating the organization's major policies and deciding on appropriate ways to implement them.

The OPEC Conference also decides whether to admit new member states and reviews reports and recommendations submitted by the Council on the organization's affairs. The General Assembly considers and approves the appointment of directors from any member country and elects the Chairman of the Board of Directors. The General Assembly has the power to request the Council to submit reports or make recommendations on any matter involving the interests of the organization. The conference will also review the OPEC budget report submitted by the Council and decide whether to revise it.