Gestational diabetes requires diet control first, and if the effect is not good, insulin is used to control blood sugar. These drugs used during pregnancy have no effect on the baby. If the pregnant woman suffers from diabetes and the fetus is in hyperinsulinemia environment for a long time, it will often lead to excessive growth of trunk, resulting in macrosomia, which will make it difficult for the mother to give birth to the baby and may cause hypoxia of the newborn.

Gestational diabetes mellitus will have a series of maternal and fetal complications, such as premature delivery, abortion, macrosomia, fetal growth retardation, polyhydramnios, urinary tract infection and so on. The risk of childhood obesity and childhood diabetes. Studies show that the weight of macrosomia is not much heavier than that of normal newborns at 1 year, but after 1 year, most children begin to gain weight gradually and become obese at school age. Fetal growth restriction: the incidence rate is 2 1%. Hyperglycemia in early pregnancy can inhibit embryonic development and lead to fetal development backwardness. If combined with microangiopathy, placental blood vessels will be abnormal, blood supply will be insufficient, nutritional disorders will occur, and fetal dysplasia will occur.

Neonatal hypoglycemia: hyperinsulinemia still exists after the newborn leaves the maternal hyperglycemia environment after birth. If sugar is not supplemented in time, hypoglycemia will easily occur, which will cause irreversible brain damage and even endanger the life of newborns. If the blood sugar control of gestational diabetes mellitus is satisfactory, the impact on mother and fetus is not great. If the blood sugar is not well controlled, it may affect the growth and development of the fetus.

Patients with gestational diabetes need to configure their diet according to their condition. Generally speaking, it is suggested to increase the proportion of crude fiber diet and reduce the content of carbohydrate food during pregnancy. During pregnancy, blood sugar, renal function, glycosylated hemoglobin, fetal development, amniotic fluid volume and other indicators must be tested regularly in order to evaluate the health status of pregnant women and fetuses, and timely symptomatic treatment should be taken if abnormalities are found. However, if pregnant women with gestational diabetes do not control their blood sugar well during pregnancy and remain in an unstable state of gestational diabetes, it may lead to abnormal growth and development of the fetus in the uterus, and even some fetuses will be deformed.