Istanbul (Turkish: _ stanbul; English: Istanbul), formerly known as Constantinople, is the economic, cultural and transportation center of Turkey, a world-famous tourist attraction and one of the prosperous international metropolises. It is located at the eastern end of the Balkan Peninsula and the west bank of the southern mouth of the Bosphorus Strait, bordering the entrance of the Black Sea, and is a traffic hub in Europe and Asia, with extremely important strategic position. With an area of 5,343 square kilometers, the urban area has been expanded to the north of Golden Horn Bay, and Uskudar on the east bank of Bosphorus Strait has also been included in the urban area, becoming a modern city spanning Europe and Asia.

In 658 BC, Greek immigrants established a city called Byzantium on the headland between Golden Horn Bay and Mar Malakhei. In 330 AD, Constantine moved the Roman Empire to this place, which was originally called New Rome, but it was soon named after its founder Constantine-Constantinople. In 395 AD, the Roman Empire was divided into East and West Roman Empire, and Constantinople became the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. 1453 became the capital of the Ottoman empire.

The name of Istanbul existed for at least a hundred years before the Ottoman conquest. For example, in 1403, the Spanish king sent an envoy to see Timur the Great, and the envoy passed through Constantinople. As mentioned in his memoirs, the Greeks also called this place Istanbul (see the Chinese translation of the Commercial Press of Claviyo), but western countries still insisted on calling this place Constantinople because the Ottoman Empire was the aggressor here. 1923 Turkey * * * was founded as the capital (moved to Ankara during the War of Independence), and Istanbul became the official name in the world.

Istanbul was elected as the sports capital of european capital of culture in 20 10 and Europe in 20 12; The historic district of this city was listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO in 1985; 20 18 1 1 month, the ranking of world cities was released, and Istanbul entered the ranks of first-tier cities in the world.