Chaoshan has been called "Chaozhou" for nearly 2000 years in history, such as "Chaozhou" (Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties), "Chaozhou Road" (Yuan Dynasty) and "Chaozhou House" (Ming and Qing Dynasties). It was not until the thirty-second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1906) that the name "Chaoshan" came into being.
The origin of the word "Chaoshan" originated from Zhang Yunan, an Indonesian overseas Chinese leader in the late Qing Dynasty.
1903, under the persuasion and encouragement of Zhang Bishi, the overseas Chinese leader of Nanyang, Zhang Yunan, a famous Indonesian overseas Chinese leader (No.Rongxuan, a native of Songkou Town, Meixian County), was invited to return to China and decided to participate in the railway construction in his hometown. Zhang Yunan was received by Empress Dowager Cixi shortly after he entered Beijing, which was a special honor at that time. He proposed to the Qing court a plan to build Chaoshan Railway in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River, which was approved. Since then, he has taken an important step towards the ideal of "saving the country through industry".
The Chaoshan Railway that Zhang Yunan is going to build starts from Shantou in the south and ends in Chao 'an in the north, with a total length of 39 kilometers. Later, the Yixi branch line was added, with a length of 42 kilometers. After the route was determined, the Qing court sent Zhan Tianyou, a famous engineer, to make a field survey and decided to start work. All the works, tracks, locomotives, carriages and platforms are appraised by Jardine Matheson, UK, and the total cost is180-1900,000 yuan. On this basis, Zhang Yunan and Zhang Hongnan invited relatives and friends to subscribe for shares, and the shares were rated at 3 million yuan, of which the Zhang brothers each subscribed for10 million yuan.
Chaoshan Railway opens in Zhang Zhiqing.
The Chaoshan Railway started preparations in 1903, and started construction in 1904. All the main lines were completed in 1906 10. In the same year, "Chaoshan" was deployed on1month 16. The carriages and headstock used in Chaoshan Railway are imported, and the coal-fired headstock imported from the United States provides strong power for the train. From this, the word "Chaoshan" came into being, and it is increasingly known.
From the opening of Chaoshan Railway in 1906 to the destruction and demolition of 1939 by Japanese invaders, * * * existed for 33 years. During this period, it played a great role in the local passenger and freight transportation and the prosperity of urban and rural economy in Chaoshan.
After the completion of the Chaoshan Railway, the Qing court awarded Zhang Yunan the third-class standby of Jingtang in recognition of his achievements. Soon, he was promoted to be the Minister of Commerce to inspect Nanyang.
Shantou Station of Chaoshan Railway.
1907 On May 22nd, Ding Wei Raoping's Huanggang Uprising broke out, which was an armed uprising personally led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen to overthrow the Qing feudal dynasty. This armed uprising was four years before the Wuchang Uprising of Xinhai in 19 1 1, and created "six firsts" in the old democratic revolution. However, Singapore's Nanyang General Report accused Sun Yat-sen of colluding with the Chaoshan Society and instigating the Huanggang Uprising. The name of "Chaoshan" appeared in newspapers and has been widely known since then.
192 1 year Shantou established the city and set up the city hall directly under the province, and Shantou began to keep pace with Chaozhou Fucheng. Since then, the pattern of "tide" and "Shantou" has been formed, and people have become accustomed to the names of Chaoshan people and Chaoshan dialect.
199 1 year, Shantou is divided into three cities, namely Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. Since then, "Chaoshan" has become a fixed title, generally referring to Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. There is also the saying that there is a big Chaoshan, including the above three cities plus Shanwei and Fengshun (whether Shanwei is Chaoshan or not, there was a special article before Chaoshan Water, and interested friends can check it in the historical news).
However, overseas hipsters still use the old name, calling themselves chaozhou people, and their native place is often called "Chaozhou".
German-made steam locomotive running on Chaoshan Railway.
Since Chaoshan is known as big Chaoshan and small Chaoshan, Chaozhou can also be known as big Chaozhou and small Chaozhou. We can also equate Chaoshan with Big Chaozhou.
Although the Chaoshan Railway has long gone up in smoke, the achievements left by Zhang Yunan's brothers in building their hometown have created the word "Chaoshan" by mistake, which will always be remembered by future generations. Today, there is still a "train road" in Shantou (located on Wuqiao Island, the road connecting Yilan Bridge and jiefang bridge). Old Shantou people are still used to calling jiefang bridge "train bridge" and Chaoshan Road "train road" or "railway". The starting point of the original Chaoshan Railway is located near Shantou Bus Terminal, which is the Chaoshan Railway Station after passing through jiefang bridge. Today, the subgrade of Chaoshan highway is the Chaoshan railway line of that year.
After the Chaoshan Railway was demolished, no more railways were built in Chaoshan area for a long time. It was not until 1995 that the Guangmeishan Railway was completed and opened to traffic. In 20 13, Xiamen-Shenzhen high-speed railway was completed, and Chaoshan had a high-speed railway network extending in all directions. As early as a hundred years ago, the "Chaoshan Railway" was a miracle created by Chaoshan people, which also showed that Chaoshan people had the spirit of pioneering and being the first.
The train stopped at Shantou Station of Chaoshan Railway.
After talking about the origin of Chaoshan, I have to talk about "congou tea" (some people call it "congou tea" wrongly, so I won't repeat it here).
Gongfu tea originated in the Song Dynasty, which is a combination of tea-making techniques and tea sets, and it is the most popular in Chaozhou prefecture (now Chaoshan area). The reason why it is called congou tea is that this way of making tea is extremely exquisite, and this time is for the knowledge of brewing and drinking. Su Zhe has a poem saying, "Tea in Fujian is of the highest quality in the world, so I don't know how to devote myself to tea." (Chaoshan area was once subordinate to Fujian in ancient times, so Su Zhe refers to Chaoshan and Minnan areas with "middle of Fujian" in his poems. )
Nowadays, many people are arguing over whether to call congou "kung fu tea" or "Chaoshan congou". Always fighting like this, let Jieyang people feel embarrassed! Should it also be called "Jieyang congou"? In fact, Xiaobian has only heard of "Jieyang Fried Tea".
Everyone is from Chaoshan. It doesn't matter what you call them. Anyway, they mean the same thing. There is a saying in Chaoshan that "fat water does not flow to other people's fields". It's all self-pity to argue.