According to our many years of production and planting practice, now introduces how to plant oil tea, focusing on high-yield cultivation techniques and steps for peers to refer to.
One, planting oil tea plot requirements
Planting oil tea to choose a deep soil layer of mountain red loam, yellow red loam or ph value of 5 ~ 5.6 slightly acidic sandy loam, the requirements of the elevation of 500m or less, to the slope of the lower and middle slopes of the slope of the 25 or less is appropriate, in the mountain valleys of the width of less than 50m of the slopes of the sides of the mountain should not be afforested.
Digging holes can be done according to the different conditions of the afforestation site for full reclamation and block reclamation, in the flat land to take the full reclamation and reclamation, steep slopes to take the block reclamation, gently slopes to take the band reclamation, reclamation and digging holes according to the 40cm40cm50cm planting holes.
Two, oil tea plastic pruning technology
1, oil tea young forest pruning when the tree height of 70 ~ 80cm when the young tree plastic pruning, young forest pruning to be light, mainly cut off the sprouting branches, control of long branches, cultivation of fruiting mother branch, selecting and retaining a number of strong growth of the main branch, appropriate pruning foot branch, in order to form a low natural round crown.
Generally 4 to 5 years later, the lower and middle internal support branches can grow appropriate fruit, but the upper flower buds should be erased.
2, oil tea forest pruning tree pruning, because the branch to do shape, cut the dense stay sparse, weak stay strong, big young cut, small year heavy pruning, so that the forest ventilation and light, increase the result of the surface, improve yield.
Sunny slopes should be lightly cut, shady slopes discretionary more cuts, the crown appropriate heavy cuts, the upper part of the middle is not cut.
In short, you can't prune too much to avoid an imbalance in the tree and lead to too many branches sprouting, which in turn affects its growth and development.
At the same time, the oil tea is generally the top of the flowering and fruiting, so it is only appropriate to thinning, should not be short cut.
Three, the oil tea forest management technology
Mainly reclamation, reclamation methods with reclamation, cave reclamation and trench reclamation.
Reclamation time can be divided into winter reclamation and summer reclamation, generally take 3 years a big reclamation, 1 year a reclamation method.
Winter reclamation depth of 20 to 25cm, and to undulate large, the soil up, so that the grass roots towards the sky, frost winter; summer reclamation is in order to eliminate weeds in a timely manner, to increase soil permeability and water storage capacity, to shallow shoveling, the depth of 10 to 15cm is generally appropriate.
Four, oil tea fertilization methods are mainly strip ditching, ring ditching and foliar spraying three kinds.
Strip ditching and ring ditching, that is, outside the tree crown along the forest floor, even open shallow ditches or digging ring fertilizer ditch, spread the fertilizer evenly in the ditch and mulch.
In order to avoid fertilizer burns, the application of fertilizer should be done away from the tree, young trees from the root and stem of the tree 15-20cm, large trees from the root and stem of the tree 50-60cm, the number of a time should not be too much.