Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth, SCAA: SCAA development stage: After four stages, institutional responsibilities: responsible for civil aviation party and mass work, ideological work, etc. Rename:1April 1962 13, historical evolution, institutional responsibilities and historical evolution The development of the Civil Aviation Administration of China has mainly experienced four stages: the first stage (1949-1978):1949/kloc. The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting decided to set up the Civil Aviation Administration under the leadership of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission 10. On 9 October, General Manager of China Airlines 165438+ Liu Jingyi and General Manager of Central Airlines Chen Zhuolin led their employees to a glorious uprising in Hong Kong and led 12 plane back to Beijing and Tianjin, which provided a certain material and technical force for the civil aviation construction in new China. 1950 when the new China civil aviation was established, there were only over 30 small planes, the annual passenger traffic was only 10000, and the total transportation turnover was only1570,000 ton-km. 1958 on February 27th, the State Council informed that from now on, the Civil Aviation Administration of China will be placed under the leadership of the Ministry of Communications. 1958 March19, the State Council Notice: At the 95th meeting in the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the State Council was approved to change the Civil Aviation Administration of China into a bureau directly under the Ministry of Communications. 1960165438+1October 17. After discussion in principle by the the State Council Municipal Organization Establishment Committee, it was decided to rename the Civil Aviation Administration of China as the General Administration of Civil Aviation of the Ministry of Communications. It is the general administration of civil aviation in China, subordinate to the first level, responsible for the management of transport aviation and professional aviation, and directly leads the work of regional civil aviation bureaus. 1April, 1962 13, the 53rd meeting of the second NPC Standing Committee decided to rename the Civil Aviation Administration of China "CAAC". 1962 On April 15, the central government decided to change the CAAC from the Ministry of Communications to the bureau directly under the State Council, and its business work, party and government work, cadre and personnel work, etc. Directly managed by the air force. During this period, due to several changes in the leadership system of civil aviation, the development of air transport was greatly influenced by politics and economy. 1978, the number of air passengers was only 23 1 10,000, and the total transportation turnover was 300 million kilometers. The second stage (1978-1987):197810.9, Comrade * * * instructed civil aviation to be managed from an economic perspective. 1980 February 14 Comrade * * pointed out: "Civil aviation must be enterprise-oriented". On March 5th of the same year, China * * * decided to separate civil aviation from the military establishment, and changed the Civil Aviation Administration of China from being subordinate to the Air Force to being directly under the State Council, and implemented enterprise management. During this period, the Civil Aviation Administration of China was a combination of government and enterprise, which was not only the * * * department in charge of civil aviation affairs, but also a national enterprise directly engaged in air transport and general aviation business in the name of "CAAC of China". There are six regional administrative agencies in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Lanzhou (later moved to Xi) and Shenyang. 1980, there were only 140 transport planes in the whole civil aviation, and most of them were Soviet-style Il-14 and Li -2 aircraft made in 1950s or 40s, with only twenty or forty passengers, and only 17 medium and large aircraft carried passengers 100. There are only 79 airports. 1980, the annual passenger traffic of China civil aviation was only 3.43 million passengers; The total annual transportation turnover was 429 million tons kilometers, ranking 35th in the world's civil aviation, second only to Singapore, India, the Philippines and Indonesia. The third stage (1987 -2002): 1987, China * * * decided to reform the civil aviation industry characterized by the separation of airlines and airports. The main content is to separate the air transport and general aviation-related businesses, assets and personnel of the former Civil Aviation Administration of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi, Chengdu and Shenyang, and set up six national backbone airlines to operate independently, be responsible for their own profits and losses and compete on an equal footing. The backbone airlines of these six countries are: China International Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Southwest China Airlines, Northwest China Airlines and China Northern Airlines. In addition, China General Airlines, which is mainly engaged in general aviation business and concurrently engaged in air transportation business, was also established in July. 1989. While establishing backbone airlines, on the basis of the original airports where Beijing Administration Bureau, Shanghai Administration Bureau, Guangzhou Administration Bureau, Chengdu Administration Bureau, Xi 'an Administration Bureau and Shenyang Administration Bureau are located, six regional administrations of civil aviation in North China, East China, Central South, Southwest China, Northwest China and Northeast China were established, as well as Beijing Capital Airport, Shanghai Hongqiao Airport, Guangzhou Baiyun Airport, Chengdu Shuangliu Airport, Xi 'an Xiguan Airport (now moved to Xi 'an Xianyang Airport) and Shenyang Taoxian Airport. The six regional administrations are not only * * * departments that manage regional civil aviation affairs, but also enterprises, leading the management of civil aviation provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) bureaus and airports. The air transport service guarantee system has also been reformed according to the requirements of specialized division of labor. 1990, China aviation fuel corporation was established on the basis of the original civil aviation fuel supply departments at all levels, specializing in aviation fuel supply guarantee business. The company supplies fuel to airlines through its branches at various airports. Units of this nature include China Aviation Equipment Company, which is engaged in the import and export business of aviation equipment (aircraft, engines, etc.). ); The computer information center is engaged in the management and development of the national computer reservation and sales system; An aviation settlement center that provides international settlement services for airlines; And aircraft maintenance companies, aviation food companies, etc. 1993 On April19, the Civil Aviation Administration of China was renamed as the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China, directly under the State Council. 12 On February 20th, the organizational specification of CAAC was changed from vice ministerial level to full ministerial level. In the past 20 years, the total turnover, passenger volume and freight volume of civil aviation transportation in China have increased by 18%, 16% and 16% respectively, which is more than twice the world average. In 2002, the total transportation turnover of the civil aviation industry was 65.438+065 billion ton-kilometers, the passenger transportation volume was 85.94 million, and the cargo and mail transportation volume was 2.02 million tons, which further improved the international ranking and became a world-renowned civil aviation power. The fourth stage (2002-): In March 2002, China decided to reorganize China's civil aviation industry again. The main contents are as follows: 1. Joint reorganization of airlines and service guarantee enterprises. After the merger of airlines directly under CAAC and service guarantee enterprises, they were formally established on June 65438+1October 65438+1October 2002, forming six major group companies, namely: China Airlines Group, China Eastern Airlines Group, China Southern Airlines Group, China Civil Aviation Information Group, China Aviation Oil Group and China. After its establishment, the group company was decoupled from the Civil Aviation Administration of China and handed over to the central management. Civil aviation regulatory reform * * * Seven regional administrations (North China Administration, Northeast Administration, East China Administration, Central South Administration, Southwest Administration, Northwest Administration and Xinjiang Administration) and 26 provincial safety supervision administrations (Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Dalian, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and Jiangxi) 13. In accordance with the principle of separating government from enterprise and territorial management, the territorial management of 90 airports was reformed, and the airports directly managed by the Civil Aviation Administration were decentralized to the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) where they are located, and the related assets, liabilities and personnel were transferred together; Civil airports and military-civilian airports jointly managed by CAAC and local governments shall be handed over to local provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) for management together with assets, liabilities and related personnel managed by CAAC. Xizang Autonomous Region's Capital Airport and Civil Airport will continue to be managed by CAAC. On July 8, 2004, with the handover of Gansu Airport to local authorities, the reform of airport localization management was completely completed, which also marked the thorough reform of civil aviation system. On June 2nd, 2004, 10, at the 35th General Assembly of ICAO, China was elected as the first member of the organization by a high vote. In 2004, the total transportation turnover of the civil aviation industry was 23 billion tons kilometers, the passenger transportation volume was 65.438+0.2 billion, the cargo and mail transportation volume was 2.73 million tons, and the general aviation operation hours were 77,000 hours. By the end of 2004, there were 65,438+0,200 scheduled flights in China, including 975 domestic flights (including Hong Kong and Macao flights), 225 international flights, and 65,438+0,33 domestic airports (excluding Hong Kong and Macao), forming an airport centered on Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou with provincial capitals and tourist cities as hubs. The scale of the civil aviation fleet is constantly expanding. By the end of 2004, China Civil Aviation had 754 transport planes, including 680 large and medium-sized planes, all of which were the most advanced in the world. In 2004, the total turnover of civil aviation transportation in China reached 23 billion tons kilometers (excluding Hongkong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province Province), ranking third among ICAO 188 contracting parties. [1] Institutional responsibilities (1) To study and put forward the principles, policies and strategies for the development of civil aviation; To draft civil aviation regulations and supervise their implementation after approval; Promote and guide the civil aviation industry system reform and enterprise reform. The Civil Aviation Administration of China (2) prepares the medium and long-term development plan of the civil aviation industry; Implement macro management of the industry; Responsible for the comprehensive statistics and informatization of the whole industry. (3) Formulating principles, policies, rules and regulations for ensuring civil aviation safety, and supervising and managing flight safety and ground safety in the civil aviation industry; Formulate standards for aircraft flight accidents and accident symptoms, and investigate and handle aircraft flight accidents according to regulations. (4) Formulating civil aviation flight standards and management rules and regulations, conducting operational qualification examination and continuous supervision and inspection of civil aircraft operators, and being responsible for the qualification management of civil aviation flight personnel and flight dispatchers; To examine and approve airport flight procedures and minimum operating standards; Manage civil aviation health work. (5) Formulating airworthiness management standards and rules and regulations for civil aircraft, and being responsible for model validation, production license, airworthiness review, nationality registration, maintenance license validation, maintenance personnel qualification management and continuous supervision and inspection of civil aircraft. (6) Formulating standards and rules and regulations for civil aviation air traffic management, compiling civil aviation airspace planning, being responsible for the construction and management of civil aviation routes, implementing civil aircraft air traffic management, and managing the qualifications of air traffic controllers; Manage civil aviation navigation communication, navigation information and aviation meteorology. (seven) to formulate standards and rules and regulations for the construction and safe operation of civil airports, and to supervise and manage the construction and safe operation of airports; To examine and approve the overall airport planning and implement the license management of civil airports; Implement industry management on the applicability, environmental protection and land use of civil airport flight areas. (eight) to formulate standards and regulations for the management of civil aviation security, and to manage civil aviation air defense safety; Supervise and inspect the pre-plan for preventing and handling hijacking and plane bombing incidents, and guide the handling of major incidents that illegally interfere with civil aviation safety; Manage and guide airport safety, public security and fire rescue work. (nine) to formulate policies and rules and regulations on air transport and general aviation, and to manage the air transport and general aviation market; Implementing business license management for civil aviation enterprises; Organize and coordinate important transportation tasks. (ten) to study and put forward the price policy and economic adjustment measures of civil aviation industry, monitor the economic benefits of civil aviation unemployment, and manage the relevant budget funds; Examining and approving the application of enterprises for purchasing and leasing civil aircraft; To study and put forward the labor wage policy of civil aviation industry, and to manage and guide the labor wage work of directly affiliated units. (eleven) to lead the administrations of civil aviation regions, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and to manage the institutions directly under the civil aviation; Managing cadres within the prescribed scope; Organize and guide training and education. (twelve) to handle foreign-related civil aviation affairs on behalf of the state, to be responsible for foreign aviation negotiations, signing contracts and supervising the implementation, and to safeguard the national aviation rights and interests; Participate in the activities of ICAO and international organizations and multilateral activities related to civil aviation affairs; Handling civil aviation affairs involving Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau and Taiwan Province Province. (thirteen) responsible for civil aviation party and mass work and ideological and political work. (fourteen) to undertake other tasks assigned by the State Council. [2]