Siniperca chuatsi generally inhabit still water or slow-flowing water, especially in lakes with lush aquatic plants. It is not active in winter, often overwinters in deep water, and generally does not completely stop eating. When the weather gets warmer in spring, they swim to the shallow coastal areas for food; At this time, the male and female fish have the habit of lying on their sides at the bottom of the lake every day, and they are active and foraging in the water grass at night. They mainly feed on other fish, with poor feeding in January-February, the most vigorous in June-July, and a slight decrease in feeding intensity during reproductive period. Siniperca chuatsi usually grows to 2 winter ages, and sexual maturity is not achieved until 3 winter ages in Northeast China. Parent fish congregate in May to July to lay eggs at night in a gentle flowing water environment. June to July is the peak period for spawning, and the number of eggs conceived is 3,-2,.
Question 2: What bait does mandarin fish like to eat? Mandarin fish can be fed with granular feed in artificial culture.
Mandarin fish, also known as mandarin fish and seasonal flower fish, belongs to the genus Siniperca, which is widely distributed and breeds in major river systems and freshwater lakes. Mandarin fish is a rare dish with tender meat, few thorns, delicious taste and rich nutrition. Not only can a small amount of mandarin fish be mixed in the pond to get rid of wild fish, but it can also be raised in a special pond, which is one of the popular varieties in freshwater culture at present.
1. Living habits
Siniperca chuatsi is a typical carnivorous fish. When artificially fed, it can be fed with dead fish and dead shrimp. The male fish matures at the third age and the female fish matures at the fourth age, and its growth rate is relatively fast, which can reach 5-1g in that year, about .5kg in the second year and 1-1.5kg in the third year.
II. Pond conditions
The pond for adult mandarin fish culture should be 3-8 mu in area, with a water depth of more than 1.5 meters and a water depth of about 2.5 meters in summer. The bottom material is sandy loam, with less humus, sufficient water, fresh water and running water. It is required that the dissolved oxygen in the pool is above 5mg/L, the PH value is 7 ~ 8, and the transparency is above 3 cm.
3. bait fish cultivation
the bait fish cultivation area is 3 ~ 4 times that of mandarin fish pond. Considering the palatability and economy of Siniperca chuatsi, silver carp and crucian carp are generally selected as bait fish, and the stocking density is 3, ~ 5, fry per mu. After the fry are stocked, they don't need to be fed immediately. When the number of zooplankton decreases and the fry are foraging around the pond, they start to feed soybean milk or other feed. In the early stage of cultivation, the feed should be added when it is eaten up, and the size of bait fish should be controlled in the later stage, and the length of bait fish should be controlled between 1/2 and 1/3 of the body length of mandarin fish.
Generally, 8-1 cm mandarin fish species should be stocked, and the bait fish should be controlled at 3-4 cm.
4. stocking mandarin fish species
when mandarin fish are raised alone, 8 ~ 1 mandarin fish species with specifications of 8 ~ 1 cm can be placed per mu. You can also mix some fast-breeding fish in the mandarin fish pond as live feed. Generally, 2 ~ 4 pairs of parent fish or 6 crucian carp with two winter ages are stocked per mu. Divide the fish pond into two halves with a thin net, and raise Siniperca chuatsi < P > fish and other fish at the same time, so that the young fish can pass through the thin net and become food for Siniperca chuatsi, and at the same time, the activity of Siniperca chuatsi does not hinder the quiet reproduction of other fish.
5. Feeding management
1. Feeding: Feeding fish at intervals, once every 7-1 days in the early and late stages of breeding, and once every 5 days in the middle stage. The ratio of Siniperca chuatsi to bait fish should be kept at 1: 5-1. Too few bait fish will affect the feeding and growth of Siniperca chuatsi, and too many will be easy.
2. Water quality management:
Fresh water should be added frequently, especially from June to September, every 5-7 days, 15-2cm each time, so as to keep the pond water fat, lively, refreshing and tender, and promote the healthy growth of Siniperca chuatsi. Submerged plants such as Sophora alopecuroides and Haematococcus verticillata can be planted around the pond, which provides a hidden place for fish and plays a role in purifying water quality. Sprinkle quicklime water every 15 ~ 2 days, 15 ~ 2kg each time. Start the aerator reasonably in time to increase the dissolved oxygen in the pool and prevent the fish from anoxia. At the same time, some aerators should be prepared to be used for rescue when the fish floats in anoxia.
question 3: what do mandarin fish eat? mandarin fish generally eat live bait.
fry cultivation
according to the feeding characteristics of mandarin fish fry, fry cultivation should be carried out in cement ponds, circular roads or cages. The cement pool area is 1-2 square meters and the water depth is 1.1-1.3 meters. Fish ponds should be equipped with water intake and drainage equipment and running water to keep the water fresh, so as to facilitate osmanthus fish to swallow fry; In addition, a supporting domestic fry breeding pond should be attached to ensure sufficient live bait supply. The stocking density of fry is: 3-4 fish per cubic meter in cement pond and loop pond, and 2-3 fish per cubic meter in cage. When the fry grow to 1.5-2 cm, the density should be reduced by half and cultivated in thin batches. Within one week after the fry go into the pond, the newly hatched small fish flowers should be fed, and then the fry with the size smaller than 2-3 sieve positions of osmanthus fish should be fed gradually in order to facilitate the feeding of osmanthus fish. Under the condition of sufficient bait, the fry can be bred to a size of 3 cm after 1-15 days of cultivation, and the survival rate is about 6%. At this time, it can be put into the adult fish pond for adult fish culture.
Adult fish culture
(1) Main culture of ponds
The pond area is 1-3 mu, and the water depth is 1.5-2.m.: It is required that the drainage and irrigation are convenient, the water quality is fresh, there is micro-flow water and an aerator, and the bottom of the pool should be sand or mud. Before stocking fish species, the pond should be cleaned well, and 1,-1,5 sweet-scented osmanthus summer flowers should be stocked per mu. At the same time, 5-1 silver carp and bighead carp are mixed, or their parents are mixed, so as to adjust the water quality. During the feeding period, wild miscellaneous fish should be fed reasonably according to the stock of fish, and high-grade fish should be fed with low-grade fish. Or after clearing the pond, first apply base fertilizer to cultivate the water quality, then put 8-1 million shad flowers per mu, and after half a month, when the shad flowers grow to 4-5 dynasties, drain half of the original pond water, then add new water, and put 7-9 osmanthus fish with 7 dynasties (about .5g) per mu. You can also cultivate Osmanthus fragrans by standard thickness, and raise 5, Osmanthus fragrans fry per mu. After more than 4 days of cultivation, when the total length reaches 12 cm and the weight is about 5 grams, then raise them in separate ponds, and raise 5-7 Osmanthus fragrans fry per mu, which can speed up the growth and improve the survival rate. If the bait is sufficient, it will take about 18-2 days to grow from summer flowers to adults over 4 grams. It can produce 1-15 kilograms of adult fish per mu.
during the feeding period, the following management work should be done well.
1. cultivate bait fish. because osmanthus fish only eat live bait, this is the key to cultivate osmanthus fish. The main ways to solve the problem of live bait are as follows: ① before the summer flowers of osmanthus fish go down to the pond, four big fry are cultivated in the pond; (2) At the same time of stocking osmanthus fish seedlings, about 5g of crucian carp or 2-3g of fish are put in, so that they can reproduce themselves in the osmanthus fish pond and provide suitable bait for osmanthus fish; ③ Simultaneously cultivate live bait. Generally speaking, it is required to raise osmanthus fish, which should be equipped with 3 mu bait fish pond to cultivate fry such as bream, bream, silver carp and bighead carp to ensure daily supply; ④ Collect live baits from other water bodies and put them into the osmanthus fish culture pond.
2. The bait fish should be slender, without hard spines and easy to swallow, such as bream, bream, silver carp and bighead carp.
3. The size of bait fish should be gradually increased according to the growth of osmanthus fish, and generally it should be 3-5 sieve positions smaller than that of osmanthus fish.
4. Grasp the feeding amount of bait fish. In the first month after stocking osmanthus fish, 7% of the total weight of osmanthus fish can be fed once every 5-7 days. Feeding in the second month according to 3-5% of the total weight, once every 3-5 days; After the third month, feed 1% of the total weight every day. In short, it is necessary to ensure that osmanthus fish are full and eat well. Generally, it takes about 2.2-2.5 kilograms of bait fish to raise commercial fish above 4 grams from 7-dynasty (3 cm) fry, and the breeding time is about 2 days.
5. regulating water quality osmanthus fish requires high water quality. During the feeding period, the transparency of pond water should be kept at about 4 cm and the pH value should be controlled above 7.8. Water should be changed and injected in time at ordinary times, especially in the late growth period from September to October, and water should be drained every two days, and water should be changed by about 1/3 each time; At the same time, the aerator should be started in time to promote the growth of osmanthus fish.
(2) polyculture
1. 3-5 summer-flower fingerlings of osmanthus can be put in 3 cm per mu in the parent pond of domestic fish. Commercial fish, which are mainly fed on wild miscellaneous fish in parent fish ponds and can grow to about 3 grams in 4-5 months, can be put on the market that year. It can produce 5-7.5 kilograms of osmanthus fish per mu.
2. There are more miscellaneous fish in the wild in adult fish ponds ... > >
question 4: what does mandarin fish eat? 15 points
Question 5: What food do osmanthus fish generally eat? The culture of osmanthus fish began in the South China Sea in 1987. In the past 2 years, it can be said that the culture area has been continuously expanded and the culture level has been continuously improved. It reflects consumers' welcome and love for osmanthus fish, reflects the good economic benefits of osmanthus fish culture, and conforms to market rules. First, create a good ecological environment for breeding. 1. Pond conditions Water source, water quality, soil quality and surrounding environmental conditions should meet the requirements of pollution-free breeding. Pond area and water depth: 4-8 mu, water depth 2-2.5 meters, with as little sludge as possible. 2. One of the key technologies for raising osmanthus fish by strict pond cleaning and disinfection is strict pond cleaning and disinfection. Cleaning pond disinfection should be carried out in 8-1 days after cultivating "open bait fish" and osmanthus fragrans fingerlings in tang qian, preferably about half a month in advance if conditions permit, and the bottom of the pond can be exposed to the sun after cleaning pond disinfection. Disinfecting drugs for pond cleaning include quicklime, bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, dichlorohydantoin, bromochlorohydantoin and tea dregs. It is recommended to use 2kg quicklime+1 bag/mu for pond cleaning at the beginning of the year. ① Quicklime: Fresh baked or well-preserved ash blocks are required to be cleaned by dry method, and the dosage per mu is 125-15kg. The efficacy of lime pond cleaning disappears for 7-1 days. ② Tea dregs: The tea dregs are cleaned with water, soaked for 6-12 hours after being crushed, and then mixed with water and sprinkled all over the pond. Tea cake has no sterilization and disinfection effect, so it should be used with sterilization and disinfection drugs. 4-45 kilograms of tea dregs per mu of water surface and per meter of water depth, and 13.5 kilograms of drifting powder, or 2,5 grams of trichloroisocyanuric acid or 3 grams of dibromohydantoin. Second, stocking healthy and high-quality fish species with appropriate specifications 1. Standards for healthy and high-quality osmanthus fish fry: ① non-inbreeding seedlings; One-ripe or two-ripe seedlings in that year; ② The specifications of seedlings in the same batch and the same pond are neat and consistent; 3 satiety; ④ The body is wide, with large and obvious stripes on the side, and the body color is bright without injury; ⑤ In the natural state, it is clustered underwater and clustered in groups; Except for predation, it does not swim to the surface of the water, and rarely moves, standing still underwater; At rest, the head is slightly inclined downwards and the tail handle is bent. If it is picked up in a basin, it will move lively at first, then it will be still, and it will not lie on its side at the bottom of the pool; ⑥ The deformity rate is less than 3%. 2. Appropriate stocking specifications It is most suitable to buy osmanthus fingerlings with specifications of 2.5-3.5cm. The osmanthus fingerlings of this specification can be directly cultivated in the pond or marked thick, with economical price, convenient transportation, low transportation cost and high survival rate. Bought back 2.5-3.5cm osmanthus fingerlings should be cultivated in ponds after the standard thickness is about 1cm or 4-5g. 2.5-3.5cm osmanthus fingerlings are cultivated to 1-12cm, the cultivation density is 6-8/mu, and the cultivation time is 25-3 days. 2.5-3.5cm to 4-5g, with a culture density of 4-5 fish/mu and a culture time of 4-5 days. Technical points: ① Cultivate enough palatable bait fish before osmanthus seedlings go down to the pond, and strictly disinfect and kill the bait fish in the pond water. Insecticides should be carried out 1-2 days before stocking osmanthus fingerlings, and 1 mu of ginger and cellulose should be sprinkled one day in advance or on the day of sowing to disinfect and kill insects and reduce stress reaction. ② Timely supplement palatable feed fish. The size of feed fish should be small under the premise of palatability, and it is appropriate to eat it in about 5 days at a time. Feed fish must be disinfected and killed by drug immersion bath before each feeding. (3) When the cultivation standard reaches the predetermined specification, fish in the pond in the morning in cool weather. (4) The fish species passed the tang qian sorting specifications, and the weak and deformed individuals were eliminated. You can reduce the complications of secondary infection by using the mold package and sprinkling ginger at a dose of 1 mu per set. 3. Fish stocking time The fish stocking time affects the growth rate, feed coefficient (production cost), disease frequency and market price of osmanthus. Early or late stocking time is directly proportional to the growth rate and inversely proportional to the feed coefficient. Early sowing has a fast growth rate and a low feed coefficient. Usually, the growth rate of seeds released before May is particularly fast and the feed coefficient is low (between 3.5 and 4.5). After mid-July, the growth rate of released seeds is slow and the feed coefficient is high (5-8). The main reasons for this phenomenon are: (1) climatic and water temperature conditions; (2) Germplasm factors of seedlings. ......> >
question 6: what did mandarin fish eat to make its face thin? When the temperature is high in summer, the water in the body is easy to be lost. If you don't replenish water in time, it will cause dehydration, and your face will feel emaciated. That's because the water is removed. If your face is swollen, you will feel fat, but your actual weight has not changed. < P > Question 7: What food does mandarin fish eat? Mandarin fish eat meat, fresh fish and shrimp.
question 8: what do osmanthus fish eat in rivers and lakes? Osmanthus fragrans, also known as mandarin fish and seasonal flower fish, is a rare and high-quality economic fish in fresh water. It has the characteristics of fast growth, delicious meat, fat but not greasy, and rich nutrition, and is known as the "cichlasoma managuense".
since the mid-198s, many scientific research units and production units in China have started the research on artificial propagation of osmanthus fish. With the deepening of the research, China has now mastered the relatively mature techniques of artificial propagation, fry cultivation and adult fish culture.
Osmanthus fragrans is one of the main freshwater cultured fish in Guangdong province, and its culture range is wide.
1. Morphological characteristics
The sweet-scented osmanthus fish has thick fat, high and flat sides; The mouth is big, the mouth crack is slightly inclined, and the lower jaw is slightly prominent;
Osmanthus fragrans has small round scales, yellow-green body, yellow-white abdomen, and irregular brown stripes and patches on both sides.
2. Living habits
Osmanthus fragrans are widely distributed in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and they like it.