A 30cm× 50cm aquarium can breed 4-5 50g first-year turtles and 2 100g second-year turtles. When the turtle weighs 500 ~1000g, it is best to use an aquarium or reptile box of 45 cm× 120 cm, and each box can support 2~4 turtles. The box should not be too small, there should be room for activities. There should be a cover on the box, especially the reptile box, and an iron net around it.
There are UVA, UVB lamps and ceramic heaters above the box, and the power depends on the size of the cylinder, which should not be too large, generally not exceeding100W. A 300-watt heating rod is installed in the cylinder, which is connected with the thermostat to control the water temperature to be constant. The outside of the tank is equipped with a filter barrel, and the size of the filter barrel depends on the number, specifications and feeding conditions of the culture. Generally, cylinders below 60 cm are equipped with a filter barrel with a specification of 20 watts and a flow rate of 900 liters/hour.
2. Environmental requirements
The suitable growth temperature of scarab is 24 ~ 365438 0℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 30℃. Stop feeding below 24℃, hibernate below 15℃, sleep above 35℃ in summer. Especially for one-year-old small-sized turtles, the breeding temperature must be kept in the best state and the temperature must be kept constant to ensure the survival rate. Pay attention not to exceed 2℃ when changing water.
Humidity has a great influence on the growth, reproduction and hatching of turtles. Aquatic turtles stay on land for a long time. If the climate is dry, it will dehydrate and shed its skin. When turtles often perch above the water, the relative humidity in the incubator should be kept at 70%~80%.
There is a general lack of sunshine in the indoor rearing of scarabs, so UVA and UVB lamps should be used to make up the light. Generally, it can be irradiated for about 2 hours every day, and the light intensity should be less than 400 lux. Turn off all the lights at night and create a rest environment.
Scarabs like fresher water environment. Under the condition of artificial breeding, turtles live in a closed small environment for a long time, and food residues and excreta are easy to cause water pollution. Long-term exposure to deteriorating water quality will lead to molting, eye diseases, loss of appetite and other symptoms. Beetles have strong adaptability to water quality. As long as it is equipped with proper filtration system, proper water change and proper food feeding, it can generally meet the requirements of normal growth.
The water depth should not exceed the turtle's back, and the water level can be raised appropriately for larger individuals, but it is necessary to ensure that the turtle can put its head out of the water to breathe. Young turtles should strictly control the water depth.
3. Feed standard
Scarab is an omnivorous and carnivorous animal in the wild, and its feed includes fresh animal feed, plant feed, bioactive bait and artificial compound feed. Commonly used animal feeds include: fresh fish, mollusks, animal muscles and internal organs. Plant feed refers to fresh fruits and vegetables. Bioactive bait mainly refers to earthworms, insects and so on.
Conventional fish can be used as food for scarabs, among which Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Monopterus albus are better, and can be directly fed after being treated to swallowing specifications. You can feed a small amount of chicken breast and try to feed as little animal viscera as possible. Among fruits, scarab prefers bananas, pitaya and grapes. Considering the breeding cost, feed efficiency and daily management, it is ideal to feed artificial compound feed, with crude protein content of about 45%, fat content less than 5% and calcium-phosphorus ratio of (1.5 ~ 3):1.
4. Feeding techniques
The feeding rate and feeding frequency should be determined according to individual specifications, water temperature, breeding containers and food types. Scarabs began to feed at 24℃, and the maximum intake was 29~3 1℃. When the specifications are small (within 100g), the main feed is fed once a day, and when the specifications are large, the main feed is fed once every two days.
The feeding rate of fresh feed is about 5%, and that of compound feed is about 1%. Don't overfeed, it is advisable to finish eating within 30 minutes. Remove the remaining feed in time, and turn off the circulating pump when feeding.
5. Daily management
Check the thermostat regularly every day. Some thermostats will automatically return to the initial design temperature after power failure, which should be noted. The load of the thermostat should exceed the power of the heating rod, and the sensitivity of the thermostat should be 65438 0℃. Pay attention not to exceed 2℃ when changing water.
Adjust the water quality by changing water regularly and configuring filter barrels for filtration. The frequency and mode of changing water should also be flexibly mastered according to the size of the tank, the breeding density and the feeding situation. When fresh feed is used, the water quality tends to deteriorate. Depending on the water quality, change the water once every 1~2 weeks and clean the filter barrel once every 1~2 months. When feeding with compound feed, the time for changing water and cleaning the filter barrel can be appropriately extended, once a month, and once every six months.
When the specifications of the turtle seedlings are small, the water depth only needs to pass through the back of the turtle, and there is no need to pass through the heating rod. If heating rods are not suitable, a small cylinder is arranged in the box for heating cycle. When the specification is large, the water depth should be 3~5 cm above the turtle's back. Usually, the weight and length of the carapace are measured every two weeks and the relative growth index is calculated. ?
Extended data
Wild Dictyophora dictyophora lives in hilly areas, mountain basins and rivers, as well as rivers, rice fields and lakes in the wild, and often moves in nearby bushes and grasses. During the day, it often swims in the water and feeds. On sunny days, it likes to be on land, and sometimes it climbs to the shore to bask in the sun. When the weather is hot, I often hide in the water, in the dark or in the sand and don't move.
Afraid of being disturbed, once you encounter the enemy's injury or shaking shadow, immediately dive into the water or stay put. Come out for food at night. Dictyophora is omnivorous and likes to eat fish, shrimp, shellfish, snails, aquatic plants and other foods. Generally, fish, shrimp, meat or internal organs of poultry are fed during artificial feeding. Dictyophora dictyophora is active from the end of April to the end of September every year. The optimum environmental temperature is 20℃ ~ 30℃, and about 65438 05℃ is the transition stage from active state to hibernating state.
The tortoise goes into hibernation at about 10℃. At the end of March, although the tortoise woke up at the temperature of 15℃, it only crawled and didn't eat. In April, the temperature rises to about 20℃ before eating. After hibernation, the turtle lost about 50 ~100g. When raised in a pond, the water level can exceed twice or even higher than the height of the turtle shell. However, an island must be set up in the pond for turtles to rest or bask in the sun.
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