1. Variety characteristics?
This variety has rattan length 1.5 ~ 2 meters, alternate leaves and palmate leaves; Melon is round with smooth and golden skin; The meat is white and fragrant, the sugar content is 14 ~ 18 degrees, the weight of single melon is 500 ~ 1000 grams, and the yield per mu is 1500 ~ 2500 kilograms. Belongs to thick-skinned melon; Low temperature tolerance, extremely early maturity, strong resistance, wide adaptability and good commodity, which can be planted in most parts of the country. ?
Second, the cultivation points?
The seeds can germinate well when the temperature is above 20℃ in 25 ~ 30 days. The optimum germination temperature is 28℃, and the ground temperature can be stabilized above 65438 03℃ before sowing. The suitable temperature for growth and development is 20 ~ 35℃, and the optimum temperature is 25 ~ 30℃ during the day and 15 ~ 20℃ at night. It takes 30 ~ 35 days from pollination to melon ripening, and the whole growth period is 90 ~ 100 days, which can be cultivated in spring and autumn. Soak the seeds in warm water at 55℃ for 10 minute before sowing, then soak them in warm water at about 30℃ for 6-8 hours, then wash them, and accelerate germination at 20-30℃ and 25℃; Or soak the seeds with chemicals (Baijunling 1 g, cytokinin 0.25 g, water 500 g) for 2 hours, then soak the seeds with clear water for 2 hours, and then accelerate germination.
Elizabeth melon is not tolerant to transplantation, and its recovery after root injury is slow, and its slow seedling period is long. So keep it in a nutrition bowl. Plantar fertilizer should be applied before planting. Generally, 4 ~ 5 cubic meters of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 40 kilograms of diammonium phosphate and 7 kilograms of potassium sulfate are applied per mu. ?
Greenhouse stands (2 000 ~ 2 400 plants/mu), greenhouse stands (65 438+0 800 ~ 2 200 plants/mu) or creeping in shed (65 438+0 000 ~ 65 438+0 200 plants/mu) are used for cultivation.
Pruning methods include single vine, double vine or multi-vine, and single vine pruning is better for early-maturing cultivation. That is, leave two leaves in front of the melon, remove all other vines, and leave 25 ~ 27 leaves in the main vine to remove the core. Leave four melons between the 8th ~14th leaves of the main vine, and artificially pollinate or apply efficient cucurbitacin, anti-falling agent, 2,4-d or spray melon embryos to get good results. When the young melons grow to the size of eggs, they should be thinned in time, and two young melons with similar size, oval shape, straight shape and thick handle should be selected, and the rest should be removed. ?
Elizabeth melon has a well-developed root system, and the evaporation of protected land is small, so it doesn't need to be watered many times. However, the swollen melon should be watered in time after thin melon, and a small amount of available phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied with the water, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and trace fertilizer should be sprayed on the leaves. ?
Elizabeth melon has a strong secondary fruiting ability, and can obtain a second crop of melons. The specific method is to leave two melons on the upper part of the main vine after the size of the first melon is set (that is, about 20 days after flowering), usually two melons are left. ?
Elizabeth melon has strong disease resistance, but it may also be caused by improper management. Common diseases include seedling collapse, middle and late blight, bacterial angular leaf spot, downy mildew and powdery mildew. In addition to strengthening management, topaz or chlorothalonil should be sprayed every 7 ~ 10 days to give priority to prevention. If stem blight occurs, Tobuzin can be made into paste and applied to the affected area, 1 ~ 2 times. Bacterial angular leaf spot was treated with DT or DTM2, downy mildew was treated with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and toxic mold, and powdery mildew was treated with triadimefon. It was found that aphids were controlled with special drugs such as aphid buster. ?
In short, the growth and development of elizabeth melon likes dry air, abundant sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night, and avoids low temperature and high humidity and high temperature and high humidity. It is necessary to do a good job in key technical measures such as cultivating strong seedlings, applying sufficient fertilizer, pruning fruit-setting, skillfully applying topdressing, watering melons, and preventing pests and diseases in time to achieve high yield and bumper harvest.